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本研究旨在通过调查了解家长对玩具的态度,以及在玩具使用过程中家长对幼儿进行教育和指导的状况,并在调查结果的基础上,针对存在的问题提出了一些建议和意见。 相似文献
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王玉美 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2012,(6):105-106
非专门化玩具是在性质上与专门化玩具相反的一类玩具。一般无固定用途,其玩法的确定性不强。大多是日常生活中的废旧物品或天然材料(如破皮球、空饮料盒子等)。家长巧妙利用非专门化玩具如分类整理,旧玩具新玩法,破旧玩具随意组合等,可充分发挥它们的价值,促进学前儿童想象力、记忆力、思维能力的发展。 相似文献
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儿童玩具的互动性设计探索 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从儿童玩具的互动性入手,给出互动玩具的一般定义,得出对儿童玩具设计有重要意义的启示,就是从对"互动"的充分认识中了解现代儿童玩具的设计.儿童玩具的设计需符合互动、安全、技术、审美这四个要素,只有这样,才能设计出真正有价值的儿童互动玩具. 相似文献
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玩具是儿童游戏的物质前提,倡导幼儿动手制作玩具是保障儿童游戏权利、促进儿童发展的需要.在幼儿自制玩具活动中,教师往往采用直接指导方式,不利于幼儿自主性、创造性和独立性的发挥.为充分发挥幼儿自制玩具活动的价值,教师应多采取以环境刺激的引发策略、平行介入的影响策略、适度适当的指导策略、榜样示范的暗示策略等为主的间接指导方式,同时注意根据幼儿个体差异,促进每个幼儿获得应有的发展. 相似文献
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周小舟 《中国科教创新导刊》2010,(32):133-134
本文从需求理论和体验经济的概念出发,重新审视现在的成年人玩具设计;提出了成年人玩具进入后教具时代的概念,并对成年人玩具的设计方向做了阐述。 相似文献
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幼儿自制玩具对幼儿多元智能发展具有重要作用。自制玩具是我园的办园特色,我们注重营造幼儿自制玩具活动的好氛围,运用本土特色的材料制作了种类丰富的自制玩具。我们利用自制玩具这个平台,开展幼儿园小、中、大班幼儿如何基于自制玩具促进多元发展的实践研究,完善我园的园本课程,归纳并提炼出五项行之有效的行动策略。 相似文献
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幼儿自制玩具对幼儿多元智能发展具有重要作用。自制玩具是我园的办园特色,我们注重营造幼儿自制玩具活动的好氛围,运用本土特色的材料制作了种类丰富的自制玩具。我们利用自制玩具这个平台,开展幼儿园小、中、大班幼儿如何基于自制玩具促进多元发展的实践研究,完善我园的园本课程,归纳并提炼出五项行之有效的行动策略。 相似文献
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玩具所属性对4～6岁幼儿分享行为的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文采用自然实验法,考察了中班和大班幼儿对于公有玩具和私有玩具的分享意愿和分享行为,结果发现:1.中班幼儿对玩具的所属不太在意.在公有玩具分享上倾向于轮流,忽视同伴以及霸占和争抢玩具的情况较明显.在私有玩具分享上主动性较高,乐于交换.分享行为受成人的引导与暗示较明显.2.大班幼儿对玩具的所属有所顾虑.在公有玩具分享上倾向于共同游戏,出现自主的利他行为.在私有玩具分享上倾向于将交换作为一种手段,道德行为受外界评价的影响较多.研究者据此提出,只有在尊重幼儿心理发展水平的基础上,提高幼儿的道德水平,才能更好地培养其分享行为. 相似文献
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The study experimentally tested the relationship between visual attention and comprehension of a TV program. 72 5-year-old children watched a 40-min version of the TV program "Sesame Street." Half the children viewed the program in the presence of a variety of toys and half viewed without toys. The children were then tested for their comprehension of the program. Although visual attention to the TV in the no-toys group was nearly twice that in the toys group, there was no difference between the groups in comprehension. There were, nevertheless, significant within-group correlations between visual attention and comprehension even for questions concerning only auditorily presented material. The results were interpreted as indicating that in a normal TV viewing setting, variations in the comprehensibility of the TV program may determine variations in children's attention to the TV. 相似文献
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Children's Gender-Based Reasoning about Toys 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The goal of these studies was to investigate how preschool children use gender-based reasoning in making judgments about toy preferences for themselves and for others. In Studies 1 and 2, children ( n = 22, n = 71) were shown unfamiliar, non-sex-typed toys and asked to rate how much they, other girls, and other boys would like each toy. As expected, children made gender-based inferences: "What I like, children of my sex will also like, and children of the other sex will not like." Study 3 was designed to assess how children use gender-based reasoning to make decisions about attractive and unattractive toys when they are given gender labels. Children ( n = 91) were shown unfamiliar toys varying in attractiveness that were given explicit gender labels (e.g., "this is a toy girls really like") or no label. With a different experimenter (to avoid demand characteristics), children rated their own and others' liking of the toys. Children used gender labels to guide their own preferences and their expectations for others. Even with very attractive toys, children liked toys less if they were labeled as being for the other sex, and expected other girls and boys to do the same. The role of gender-based reasoning in cognitive theories of gender and on children's play preferences is discussed. 相似文献
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Sex differences in parent and infant behavior in the home 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Observations were made in the homes of 32 families, each with a child aged around 12 or 24 months. 16 of the children were boys and 16 girls. Boys showed more active play, play with transportation toys, and play generally forbidden by parents. Girls played more with soft toys and dolls. On questionnaire responses many parents rated these and other behaviors as sex appropriate. However, actual sex differences in immediate parental response to children were few or undetected. Sex differences in children's behavior did not appreciably increase from 12 to 24 months. Also, there was no correlation with how stereotyped parents' questionnaire responses were and the degree to which their children exhibited sex-typed behavior. 相似文献
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Ni Chang 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2000,28(2):85-89
Many parents are seeking ways to reduce their children's exposure to violence. To this effect, recommendations have been made to parents, especially with respect to television violence and related games and toys. Three such recommendations are analyzed in terms of their probable outcomes. I argue that parental decisions to block particular TV programs and to avoid purchasing toys related to violent programs, if carried out in an authoritarian manner, may not bring about the anticipated outcomes. Reasoning with children and inviting them to assist in setting up family rules are actions that encourage young children to construct the self-awareness with which they may monitor their own behaviors, without excessive external rewards or restrictions. Five suggestions for raising nonviolent children are made and examples of their implementation are provided. 相似文献
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M Weinraub L P Clemens A Sockloff T Ethridge E Gracely B Myers 《Child development》1984,55(4):1493-1503
The onset and development of preschoolers' awareness of sex role stereotypes, gender labeling, gender identity, and sex-typed toy preference were explored in 26-, 31-, and 36-month-old children. Gender labeling, gender identity, sex-typed toy preferences, and awareness of adult sex role differences were observed in significantly more 26-month-old children than would have been expected by chance. Verbal gender labeling was observed in a majority of 26-month-olds, while verbal and nonverbal gender identity were observed in a majority of 31-month-olds. Nonverbal gender labeling and awareness of adult sex role differences were observed in a majority of children by 36 months. No evidence of awareness of sex differences in children's toys was found in the majority of children at any age. Awareness of sex role differences in children's toys was not related to awareness of adult sex role differences. Brighter children were more aware of adult sex role differences. Sex-typed toy preference was not related to awareness of sex role differences but was related to gender identity. Predictors of sex role development included the mothers' employment, and the father's personality traits, attitudes toward women, and sex-typed activities in the home. Implications for theories of early sex role development are discussed. 相似文献
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The effects of background television on the toy play behavior of very young children 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This experiment tests the hypothesis that background, adult television is a disruptive influence on very young children's behavior. Fifty 12-, 24-, and 36-month-olds played with a variety of toys for 1 hr. For half of the hour, a game show played in the background on a monaural TV set. During the other half hour, the TV was off. The children looked at the TV for only a few seconds at a time and less than once per minute. Nevertheless, background TV significantly reduced toy play episode length as well as focused attention during play. Thus, background television disrupts very young children's play behavior even when they pay little overt attention to it. These findings have implications for subsequent cognitive development. 相似文献
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Nanci Weinberger 《Early education and development》2006,17(4):571-591
The use of retreat spaces by 65 children in 9 family child care homes was assessed in this study. Family child care providers used daily diaries to collect information about children's retreat frequency and associated behavior. The findings revealed that nearly half of the children used informal, readily available retreats during the research period. Playing with toys was the most frequent and stable retreat activity across age groups. Yet the number of passive and engaged behaviors varied based on child characteristics such as age, gender, and child's mood for the day. Retreat use can be viewed as a potentially adaptive environmental strategy that children apply as their needs change in a given day and from one developmental period to the next. Thus, it is recommended that child care professionals provide access to retreats and support children's varied use of retreat space. 相似文献
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The effects on vocabulary acquisition of child-initiated versus adult-initiated instances of adult labeling were studied. 16 monolingual, English-speaking preschool children were exposed to a Spanish-speaking adult. In order to have access to toys placed out of their reach, children had to request the toys in Spanish. For the experimental group, adult labeling occurred when the children expressed interest in the toy. Control group children were yoked temporally to experimental group children for the purpose of adult labeling. Thus, adult labeling for the control group was randomly related to the children's expressions of interest. Although both groups of children learned some Spanish words, children in the experimental group produced significantly more Spanish words during the training sessions and showed superior performance on posttraining tests of Spanish production. Levels of comprehension of the Spanish words were equivalent for both groups. Results are interpreted in the context of the literature on "incidental teaching" and are viewed as demonstrating the critical role in language acquisition of the timing of exposure to language models. 相似文献