共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
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新课程的识字教材（无论何种版本）有几个明显特点：选择多种识字途径；采用多种识字方法；单编的识字教材形式多样，内涵丰富；重视探究发现汉字规律，培养独立识字能力等。本文重点谈谈如何引导学生发现汉字规律、综合运用多种识字方法，培养学生独立识字的能力。 相似文献
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识字是学生整体语文素质的基础．小学语文新课标把培养学生识字兴趣和识字能力作为教学的重点，指出要“让学生喜欢学习汉字，有主动识字的愿望。”一年级上册要求学生认识400个汉字．和以往的人教版教材比．识字量大幅度增加．识字教学成了教学中的难点。这就要求语文教师应具备较高的语文素养、讲究识字教学的科学性、艺术性、充分发掘学生的学习主动性、掌握有效的识字方法，激发他们的自主意识和探索精神，将学生熟识的语言因素作为教材资源，利用他们已有的生活经验，学用结合，提高学习的趣味性。 相似文献
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《语文学刊:高等教育版》2010,(10)
<正>北师大版的教材识字量大,对于小学低年级的学生来说,识字任务尤其显得繁重,学生对识字教学有说不出的反感。经常是老师喊哑了嗓子,磨破了嘴皮,然而收效甚微。那么在识字教学中,如何使学生更好地掌握汉字? 相似文献
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小学一年级语文汉字重复与识字效果关系的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
丁道勇 《课程.教材.教法》2005,(9)
通过比较汉字在教材中的重复方式与识字成绩发现,在提出学习要求后,对学生所学之汉字继续给予适当重复能够显著提高学生的识字成绩。重复量达到6节的汉字识字效果较为理想。就重复节数对提高识字成绩的效果来说,2节和6节是两个转折点。据此,教师应认识到教材在汉字重复上的缺陷,在教学中自觉补充,运用合理的重复方式和重复量来提高识字教学效率。 相似文献
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语文课程标准明确规定：“在小学阶段，要使学生学会常用汉字2500个左右。”识字教学的目标之一就是要使学生能读准字音、记清字形、了解字义，掌握一定数量的汉字，便于以后开展阅读、写作活动；目标之二就是通过识字教学活动，使学生掌握科学的识字方法，便于今后能有效自主地识字；目标三是通过不断地识字，有效训练学生的思维。由此看来，识字教学是小学语文低年级教学的重点。那么，如何在新课程标准下有效地进行识字教学呢？ 相似文献
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张绮文 《暨南大学华文学院学报》2007,(3):49-54
本文汇报了香港初小学生识字测试的工作。识字测试兼及汉字字音、字形、字义的认识。测试的汉字从香港小学语文大纲所列生字表分级随机抽出。测试结果显示香港初小学生对初小阶段的字,字音得分较高,字义次之,字形得分最低,表明学生对初小阶段的字的字音掌握较佳,字形掌握较低。当加入高小的字测试时,字音,字形,字义得分相对地下降,字音、字形、字义每项得分差别不大。识字测试结果也显示香港初小学生最先掌握字的音义,其次才掌握字的形义,最后才掌握字的音形。 相似文献
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张艳 《大连教育学院学报》2004,20(4):84-84
识字是小学生阅读和写作的基础，是提高语文素养的基本要求。一年级的课本在识字编排上颇具匠心，首先采用多认少写，认写分开的方法合理安排识字量。其次是采用多样化的识字方法有机安排识字内容。如依据汉字特点识字(象形、会意、形声字)、在语言环境中识字(诗歌、韵文、谜语、反义词)等，在教学中应发挥教材的优势，开发学生的潜能，引导学生积极主动地识字。 相似文献
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The present study examined the influence of the features of Chinese characters, such as frequency, regularity and consistency, on the accuracy with which they were read by two groups of adult Chinese learners. Twenty-two English-speakers and 31 Japanese-speakers studying Chinese at a Taiwanese University read 130 Chinese characters that varied along the dimensions of regularity, consistency, number of strokes and familiarity (frequency with which they appeared in instructional texts). The results suggest that lexical and sub-lexical features, such as regularity and consistency, play an important role in reading Chinese among Chinese language learners. Furthermore, differences between the Japanese- and English-speaking participants suggest that the first language (L1) phonology and writing system may influence Chinese character learning. In addition, the language proficiency of Chinese language learners also influences sensitivity to sublexical features in naming Chinese characters. Finally, Chinese language learners with both L1s follow the same trajectory for developing orthography-to-phonology knowledge reported for native Chinese-speaking children. 相似文献
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Sun-A Kim Jerome Packard Kiel Christianson Richard C. Anderson Jeong-Ah Shin 《Reading and writing》2016,29(7):1409-1434
This study investigated whether orthographic consistency and individual learner differences including working memory (WM), first language (L1) background, and second language (L2) proficiency affect Chinese L2 learners’ literacy acquisition. Seventy American college students in beginning or intermediate Chinese classes participated in a character learning-and-reading experiment, and completed WM tasks and an L2 proficiency test. In the learning phase of the experiment, participants were asked to master 18 unfamiliar Chinese characters of three levels of consistency—consistent, semi-consistent, and inconsistent. Then in the transfer test of the experiment, participants read 60 novel, artificial characters analogous to the learned characters. Significant consistency effects for learning and reading new characters were found, with no effects of WM and L1. In particular, an interaction effect between consistency and L2 proficiency found in the learning phase indicated that participants with higher L2 proficiency learned the fully consistent characters better and faster than those with lower proficiency. These results suggest that L2 proficiency facilitates awareness of consistency, enabling learners to learn novel characters faster and more accurately. The findings of this study are compared with the character acquisition of beginning L1 Chinese readers and with L2 learners’ acquisition of other types of characters. 相似文献
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This paper advances the argument that in learning to read/spell Chinese characters and words, it is important for learners
to understand the role of the component parts. These constituents consist of phonetic and semantic radicals, or bujians, made
up of clusters of strokes in their proper sequence. Beginning readers/spellers need to be sensitive to the positional hierarchy
and internal structure of these constituent parts. Those Chinese children diagnosed with developmental dyslexia tend to have
more difficulties in spelling Chinese characters and in writing to dictation than in reading. A lexical decision study with
two groups of tertiary students differing in their Chinese language ability was carried out to test their efficiency in processing
real and pseudo characters as a function of printed frequency of the characters, and the consistency of their component semantic
radicals. There is some evidence that even for adult readers differing in their Chinese language ability, lexicality, frequency
of characters and the consistency of the semantic radicals affect accurate and rapid character identification. Suggestions
for research and teaching approaches are made to enhance the analysis and synthesis of the phonetic and semantic radicals
to promote efficient reading and spelling in Chinese. 相似文献
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In English, positions of lexical stress in disyllabic words are associated with word categories; that is, nouns tend to be stressed more often on the first syllable, whereas verbs are more likely to be stressed on the second syllable (i.e. subject (noun) vs. subject (verb)). This phenomenon, which is called the stress typicality effect, has been shown to facilitate word recognition to native English speakers. However, there is little research on whether it also facilitates word recognition to non-native speakers of English, in particular, to English learners with a tonal first language. To fill this research gap, the present study investigated whether the stress typicality effect modulated word recognition in native speakers of Chinese who learned English as a second language. Both visual grammatical classification and lexical decision tasks were administered to ESL learners with intermediate and advanced English proficiency. The results revealed that Chinese intermediate ESL learners were not sensitive to stress typicality in English; however, the advanced learners were. The findings suggest that different performances in stress assignment among Chinese ESL learners were influenced by their English proficiency levels. 相似文献
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Traditional ways of English learning such as memorizing a certain couple of words and reciting from the word list seem much easier than developing a useful vocabulary for L2 learners. However, learners complain that they have suffered from couples of difficulties as the words are easy to be forgotten. Compare with the ways of mechanical memorizing, it argues that providing L2 learners with the development of useful lexical knowledge such as semantic information and morphological structure is more effective in the process of language acquisition. Moreover, developing a useful lexical knowledge is far more complicated for English learners. 相似文献
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Judith Bekebrede Aryan van der Leij Anna Plakas David Share Eleni Morfidi 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2013,17(2):183-210
This study aimed to explore how alphabetic readers learn to read Chinese. First-year Chinese beginning learners who are skilled English readers were tested for their sensitivity to the visual-orthographic structures of Chinese characters. The study also explored the effect of the frequency of the characters in their curriculum on performance of a lexical decision and naming task. The students' linguistic knowledge about the characters was also tested. Results showed that the beginning learners were sensitive to the structural complexity of characters, they accepted simple characters more quickly and more accurately than compound characters, and they responded faster and more accurately to high-frequency than to low-frequency characters. Sensitivity to the structural composition of the character was also revealed: The learners rejected noncharacters containing illegal radical forms faster and more accurately than those containing legal radical forms in illegal positions, which in turn were rejected faster and more accurately than those containing legal radical forms in legal positions. A significant frequency effect was also found in the naming task, though the effect of structural complexity was not significant. These results suggest that perceptual learning plays an important role in early nonalphabetic learning by alphabetic readers. Both cross-writing system differences and second-language status may have an impact on such learning. 相似文献
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This study examined the impact of e-book interactivity design on the learning of Chinese characters by fourth graders (10-year-old children). This study was guided by two main questions: (1) Are there any differences in achievements (Chinese character writing, lexical comprehension, and lexical usage) between groups of young learners who read e-books with different interactivity levels? and (2) Are there any differences in motivation (attention, confidence, relevance, and satisfaction) between groups of young learners who read e-books with different interactivity levels? This study was an experimental design where the independent variable was the interactivity design of digital books. A sample of 99 fourth graders participated in the study and participants were randomly assigned into these two groups, with one group reading an e-book with a low level of interactivity (pace-control only) and the other reading an e-book with a high level of interactivity (sequence- and media-control). Participants were asked to complete a pre-test first, and then they read their assigned e-books for 30 minutes. After they finished reading, they were given a post-test. The results showed a reverse interactivity effect, that is, the group reading the e-book with the low level of interactivity (pace-control only) performed significantly better in Chinese character writing, attention, and satisfaction. This might be due to young learners' limited cognitive capacity and processing ability for learning with hypermedia. This study aims to expand on existing theories on interactive learning for young learners and serves as a reference for elementary school teachers and e-book publishers. 相似文献
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语言习得理论与大学英语词汇学习 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
蒋学明 《中山大学学报论丛》2001,21(3):250-252
阐述了语言习理理论、词汇板块学说对词汇习得的启示，同时指出探究词源的方法是在上述理论指导下的词汇学习模式的有益补充。 相似文献
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以拼音为主的汉字教学,给幼儿的汉语学习与认知带来很多困难。在常用的增强汉字学习与记忆技巧中,依汉字演变规律,从追溯字源、再现汉字生成语境入手,通过揭示汉字形体内在机理,建立音、形、义三者内在关联的字源识字法值得关注。因此,研究旨在探索字源识字法对提高幼儿汉字理解、记忆的长期影响,以及对幼儿汉语言认知及思维发展的促进作用。参加者（N ＝99）按年龄差异,被分到大、中、小三个班级,实验结束后随机选择24名幼儿后测。尽管实验组和控制组的幼儿都认识一些汉字,但实验组的参加者接受了一个短期的字源识字法训练。结果显示,字源识字法提高幼儿汉字学习中的理解与记忆效果;字源识字法对幼儿汉语言认知及思维发展有促进作用。 相似文献
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Clay Williams 《Reading and writing》2013,26(2):293-315
This study examines the effects of semantic and phonetic radicals on Chinese character decoding by high-intermediate level Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) learners. The results of the study suggest that the CFL learners tested have a well-developed semantic pathway to recognition; however, their phonological pathway is not yet a reliable means of character identification. Semantic radicals that correctly pertain to character meaning facilitated reaction time in semantic categorization tasks, while radicals that had no immediately interpretable relation to character meaning had a strong inhibitory effect. The relative accuracy of phonetic radicals (for predicting the whole-character’s pronunciation) did not measurably improve homonym recognition. In a lexical decision task (Experiment 3), the subjects were significantly slower in identifying pseudo-characters when the phonological component was blurred, indicating that, despite having unreliable phonological pathways to character recognition, the subjects were still using phonological radical analysis as their default recognition strategy; however, the author argues that the radical is likely being used for orthographic disambiguation more than for phonological properties. 相似文献