共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 462 毫秒
1.
Science communication competence (SCC) is an important educational goal in the school science curricula of several countries. However, there is a lack of research about the structure and the assessment of SCC. This paper specifies the theoretical framework of SCC by a competence model. We developed a qualitative assessment method for SCC that is based on an expert–novice dialog: an older student (explainer, expert) explains a physics phenomenon to a younger peer (addressee, novice) in a controlled test setting. The explanations are video-recorded and analysed by qualitative content analysis. The method was applied in a study with 46 secondary school students as explainers. Our aims were (a) to evaluate whether our model covers the relevant features of SCC, (b) to validate the assessment method and (c) to find characteristics of addressee-adequate explanations. A performance index was calculated to quantify the explainers’ levels of competence on an ordinal scale. We present qualitative and quantitative evidence that the index is adequate for assessment purposes. It correlates with results from a written SCC test and a perspective taking test (convergent validity). Addressee-adequate explanations can be characterized by use of graphical representations and deliberate switches between scientific and everyday language. 相似文献
2.
This study examines Chinese pre-service teachers’ (N?=?30) views on the nature of science (NOS) and how Chinese culture influences their views. Participants were from two teachers’ universities in eastern China. As an exploratory and interpretive study, a scenario-based interview approach was adopted. The results indicated that the participants held unique views about the five key aspects of NOS. Many participants have alternative and contemporary views of NOS, but few possess classical views. In fact, teachers adopted features of the Confucian Doctrine of the Mean either consciously or unconsciously to account for their views of NOS. This research reflects that the Doctrine of the Mean affected Chinese teachers’ views of NOS, making them rather deficient in their understandings of classical NOS. Based on empirical data, it is argued that science teacher training in China should focus on the content and objectives of classical NOS, rather than just teaching contemporary views of NOS. Taking Chinese culture into consideration, science teacher education in China cannot entirely import the strategies of teaching the classical views of NOS from the developed world, but should develop, design and contextualize local strategies that are suitable for the training of Chinese science teachers. Some issues for further investigation of learners’ views of NOS in non-Western contexts are suggested as implications from this study. 相似文献
3.
Science & Education - Nature of science (NOS) is considered an important aspect of scientific literacy. Despite efforts in guiding school students to develop more adequate NOS views, little is... 相似文献
4.
Jyh‐Chong Liang 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(17):2273-2289
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest among educational researchers in exploring the relationships between learners’ epistemological beliefs and their conceptions of learning. This study was conducted to investigate these relationships particularly in the domain of science. The participants in this study included 407 Taiwanese college science‐major students. All of them responded to two major questionnaires, one assessing their scientific epistemological beliefs (SEBs) and the other one probing their conceptions of learning science (COLS). The SEB questionnaire included four factors: “certainty,” “source,” “development,” and “justification” of science knowledge. The COLS survey consisted of six factors in a hierarchical order, that is, learning science as “memorizing,” “preparing for tests,” “calculating and practicing,” “increasing one’s knowledge,” “application,” and “understanding and seeing in a new way.” The students’ confidence and interest toward learning science were also assessed by additional questionnaire items. Stepwise regression analyses, in general, showed coherence between students’ SEBs and their COLS, indicating that the sophistication of SEBs was consistent with less agreement with lower‐level COLS (such as “memorizing” and “preparing for tests”) as well as more agreement with higher‐level COLS (such as “understanding and seeing in a new way”). However, the SEB’s “justification” factor was positively related to almost all of COLS factors from the lower‐level to higher‐level. This study finally found that among all of the SEB and COLS factors, the “preparing for tests” factor in COLS was the solely significant variable for predicting students’ interest in science and confidence toward learning science. 相似文献
5.
Science & Education - Current visions of science education advocate that students should engage with science in the classroom in ways that mirror the work of scientists in order to develop... 相似文献
6.
7.
Hassan H. Tairab 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2013,31(2):235-250
This study explored views held by pre-service and in-service science teachers regarding the nature of science and technology particularly: (a) the characteristics of science and technology; (b) the aim of science and scientific research; (c) the characteristics of scientific knowledge and scientific theories; and (d) the relationship between science and technology. The views held by science teachers at pre-service and in-service levels were assessed using a questionnaire. The findings revealed that generally science teachers at both pre-service and in-service levels showed similar views in relation to the nature of science and technology. While the participants displayed mix views regarding science as content oriented or process oriented, technology was viewed as an application of science. Implications of these views for classroom teaching and learning are presented. 相似文献
8.
Karthigeyan Subramaniam 《Research in Science Education》2013,43(2):687-709
This study explores five minority preservice teachers’ conceptions of teaching science and identifies the sources of their strategies for helping students learn science. Perspectives from the literature on conceptions of teaching science and on the role constructs used to describe and distinguish minority preservice teachers from their mainstream White peers served as the framework to identify minority preservice teachers’ instructional ideas, meanings, and actions for teaching science. Data included drawings, narratives, observations and self-review reports of microteaching, and interviews. A thematic analysis of data revealed that the minority preservice teachers’ conceptions of teaching science were a specific set of beliefs-driven instructional ideas about how science content is linked to home experiences, students’ ideas, hands-on activities, about how science teaching must include group work and not be based solely on textbooks, and about how learning science involves the concept of all students can learn science, and acknowledging and respecting students’ ideas about science. Implications for teacher educators include the need to establish supportive environments within methods courses for minority preservice teachers to express their K-12 experiences and acknowledge and examine how these experiences shape their conceptions of teaching science, and to recognize that minority preservice teachers’ conceptions of teaching science reveal the multiple ways through which they see and envision science instruction. 相似文献
9.
A view of science as a culturally‐mediated way of thinking and knowing suggests that learning can be defined as engagement with scientific practices. How students engage in school science is influenced by whether and how students view themselves and whether or not they are the kind of person who engages in science. It is therefore crucial to understand students' identities and how they do or do not overlap with school science identities. In this paper, we describe four middle school African American girls' engagement with science. They were selected in the 7th grade because they expressed a fondness for science in school or because they had science‐related hobbies outside of school. The data were collected from the following sources: interviews of students, their parents and their teachers; observations in science classes; journal writing; and focus groups. These girls' stories provide us with a better understanding of the variety of ways girls choose to engage in science and how this engagement is shaped by their views of what kind of girl they are. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 37: 441–458, 2000. 相似文献
10.
Developing scientifically literate students who understand the socially contextualized nature of science and technology is
a national focus of science education reform. Science educators’ perceptions of risks and benefits of new technologies (such
as biotechnology) may shape their instructional approaches. This study examined the perceived risk of biotechnology of four
groups of science educators: pre-service science teachers, in-service science teachers, biology graduate teaching assistants,
and biology professors (n = 91). Data sources included a survey instrument and card sort task designed to determine the respondents’ structure of risk
perception and factors contributing to this structure. The perceptions of the four educator groups were compared and contrasted
along these dimensions. Results showed that the teacher groups were similar along many aspects of risk perception, but university
professors were more likely to view the more subtle “gray areas” between biotechnology risks. The results are discussed in
the context of understanding teacher risk perception on science pedagogical practice as well as the role of content knowledge
and teaching experience on risk perception formation. 相似文献
11.
Summaries English The report describes a study of the teaching behaviour of student‐teachers of science disciplines during the one‐term teaching practice of the English ‘Post‐Graduate Certificate in Education’ course, using the Science Teaching Observation Schedule by Eggleston et al. The results suggest that in several behavioural dimensions, students and teachers achieve a close match. These dimensions, it is suggested, could represent the ‘stable’ elements in the students’ perception of science teacher behaviour learnt during their time as pupils, or they might represent ‘safe’ transactions which do not involve students extensively in problems of classroom management and control. For other behaviour categories, it was found that students tended to behave less like experienced teachers as the training practice proceeded, but this was to some extent determined by the subject taught. Physics student‐teachers substantially maintained their similarity to experienced teachers, whilst chemistry and biology students drifted away. The nature of these drifts is discussed. 相似文献
12.
Science &; Education - 相似文献
13.
Hutner Todd L. Petrosino Anthony J. Salinas Cinthia 《Research in Science Education》2021,51(3):761-789
Research in Science Education - One broad research question researchers continue to pursue is: to what degree does science teacher education influence the thinking of preservice science teachers?... 相似文献
14.
Miriam Lemmer 《Africa Education Review》2018,15(1):20-37
Science teaching and learning require knowledge about how learning takes place (cognition) and how learners interact with their surroundings (affective and sociocultural factors). The study reported on focussed on learning for understanding of Newton’s second law of motion from a cognitive perspective that takes social factors into account. A cognitive refinement instructional approach (CRIA) was used to organise and sequence learning activities, while students were engaged through inquiry and group work. Students’ real-life experiences were used as starting point of the learning sequence. The efficiency of the sequence was determined with the aid of the Force Concept Inventory (FCI) and complemented with the students’ reflections on the sequence, showing their epistemological preferences. The results indicated that a CRIA aided in constructing more coherent scientific knowledge and enhanced understanding, while reducing misconceptions on the topic. In their reflections, the students acknowledged that experiential and experimental evidence, as well as guided formation of a scientific explanatory framework, are foundational for a deeper understanding of the challenging topic. 相似文献
15.
The introduction of standards into the education system poses numerous challenges and difficulties. As with any change, plans
should be made for teachers to understand and implement the standards. This study examined science teachers’ perceptions of
the effectiveness of the standards for teaching and learning, and the extent and ease/difficulty of implementing science standards
in different grades. The research used a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative research methods.
The research tools were questionnaires that were administered to elementary school science teachers. The majority of the teachers
perceived the standards in science as effective for teaching and learning and only a small minority viewed them as restricting
their pedagogical autonomy. Differences were found in the extent of implementation of the different standards and between
different grades. The teachers perceived a different degree of difficulty in the implementation of the different standards.
The standards experienced as easiest to implement were in the field of biology and materials, whereas the standards in earth
sciences and the universe and technology were most difficult to implement, and are also those evaluated by the teachers as
being implemented to the least extent. Exposure of teachers’ perceptions on the effectiveness of standards and the implementation
of the standards may aid policymakers in future planning of teachers’ professional development for the implementation of standards. 相似文献
16.
Science & Education - The goal of this study was to explore the influencing factors of pre-service science teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) for targeted aspects of nature of... 相似文献
17.
Khajomsak Buaraphan 《美中教育评论》2011,(2):137-148
Understanding of NOS （nature of science） appears as a prerequisite of a scientifically literate person. Promoting adequate understanding of NOS in pre-service physics teachers is, therefore, an important task of science educators. Before doing that, science educators must have information concerning their pre-service teachers＇ conceptions of NOS. This study used the MOSQ （myths of science questionnaire） to explore 17 pre-service physics teachers＇ conceptions of NOS. Commonly, these pre-service teachers expressed misunderstandings about NOS with respect to： （1） the relationship between theory and law; （2） science as cumulative; （3） subjectivity in science; （4） the scientific method; and （5） the relationship between science and technology. Science educators should consider and utilize these common misunderstandings as a basis of curricular framework for further improving pre-service physics teachers＇ understanding of NOS. 相似文献
18.
Hongming Ma 《Research in Science Education》2009,39(5):701-724
The findings reported in this paper report on an investigation of Chinese people’s understanding of the nature of science
in relation to their conceptualisations of Nature. As an exploratory and interpretive study, it uses semi-structured interviews
with 25 Chinese secondary school science teachers. The paper first presents these teachers’ conceptualisations of Nature,
which were mainly scientifically informed and showed a mixed influence of both traditional and modern Chinese ideas about
Nature. Teachers’ functional understandings of the nature of science were then inferred from their conceptualisations of Nature
and presented from three perspectives: that of science; the strategies and approaches to doing science; and, the status of
scientific knowledge. 相似文献
19.
This research examines the problems that religious Jewish science teachers in Israeli high schools have in coping with science subjects (such as geological time) which conflict with their religious beliefs. We do this by characterizing the philosophical approaches within Judaism that such teachers have adopted for dealing with such controversy. Thus, we surveyed 56 religious teachers using a Likert‐type questionnaire developed for this research, as well as interviewed 11 teachers to more deeply probe their approaches. In addition, we surveyed 15 religious scientists, so that we could both contrast their views with our teacher samples as well as to better understand their coping strategies when confronted by scientific topics that challenge their beliefs. Results indicated that no single philosophical approach earned overwhelming support from the teachers or scientists. Instead, most of the subjects relate separately to each source of possible conflict in accordance with the philosophical approach that appears to be the most fruitful for resolving such conflicts. Moreover, both the scientists and the teachers felt less conflicted toward the specific subject of geological time, in comparison to issues connected to creation of the earth and (especially) evolution. The teachers did differ from the scientists in their preference toward philosophical approaches which help them better integrate the domains of science and religion. Based on our findings, we are able to suggest a set of strategies to help teachers overcome their difficulties in teaching ‘controversial’ science topics to a religiously oriented student population. 相似文献
20.
Eulsun Seung Lynn A. Bryan Malcolm B. Butler 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2009,20(2):157-177
The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in preservice teachers’ understanding of the nature of science (NOS)
as a result of four activity-based interventions that represent three instructional approaches used in a middle grades science
methods course. Ten participants’ understanding of NOS and their perceptions about the activity-based interventions were investigated.
Data were collected using open-ended questionnaires and in-depth interviews before and after the interventions. Written artifacts
and recorded group discussions were collected during the interventions. The results of this study showed that inclusion of
various approaches to teaching NOS can contribute to developing preservice teachers’ understanding of NOS. The activities
complemented each other in the teaching of the NOS components. In addition, the preservice teachers perceived that the four
interventions were helpful in improving their understanding of NOS and in preparing them for future teaching. 相似文献