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1.
In 1999–2000 the National Archives of Australia (NAA) adopted a functions-based approach to appraisal. Since that time functional
appraisal projects have for the most part been conducted in cooperation with individual agencies. What has been missing is
a broad whole-of-government or macroappraisal framework which might assist with the strategic prioritisation of projects,
the allocation of resources and the identification of high-value functions, activities and record classes. This article describes
a project commenced by the NAA during 2003–2004 to research and develop a functions-based macroappraisal framework for current
and prospective appraisal and for retrospective application to records of the past 30 years of the Australian Government.
The article compares the Australian approach with macroappraisal strategies pursued in Canada, the Netherlands and South Africa. 相似文献
2.
Terry Cook 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):101-161
Macroappraisal as developed in Canada has had significant currency in archival literature over the past decade, and aspects
of its program and ideas have been implemented in other jurisdictions. For the first time, this essay probes the theoretical
and practical origins of macroappraisal in Canada since 1950 and why its originators no longer found convincing the predominant
status quo on appraisal as articulated by T.R. Schellenberg. The essay then summarizes the theory of macroappraisal as articulated
at the National Archives of Canada, and the strategic and program infrastructure developed in the 1990s to turn the new theory
into operational reality. As no archival concept is universally locked in time, the evolution and changes in the macroappraisal
program, both in theory and strategy, are also analysed in its Canadian home base over its first decade, as well as some internal
and external criticisms of it. The essay intends to illuminate the deeper context of macroappraisal, so that an international
audience may better understand its strengths and weaknesses. As the author is the principal architect of macroappraisal, the
essay consists of equal parts of archival history, theoretical analysis, and personal reflection. 相似文献
3.
Terry Eastwood 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):365-369
The author, a professor at the University of British Columbia, outlines the foundations of macroappraisal theory within the
Canadian federal government's records acquisition program, placing Terry Cook's 1992 essay “Mind Over Matte: Towards a New
Theory of Archival Appraisal” at the heart of his students' analysis of theoretical writings. In addition to reflecting on
the importance of case studies on the application of macroappraisal theory and methods, he concludes by touching on the applicability
of macroappraisal to elements outside the public sphere. 相似文献
4.
“Macroappraisal, the next frontier” describes a records disposition pilot project which was based on a refinement of the current
macroappraisal methodology in use at Library and Archives Canada. Still very much a work in progress, the refined approach
builds upon macroappraisal theory and methodology, and this paper presents its application to Fisheries and Oceans Canada,
a major federal government department in the Government of Canada. The project focused on providing the institution with total
records disposition coverage based on a single archival appraisal and two Records Disposition Authorities. This paper demonstrates
the feasibility of appraising records at the mandate level instead of at the function or program level. It also outlines and
points to the benefits and advantages of appraising large government institutions intheir totality rather than in smaller,
discrete sectors, branches, or divisions.
We wish to thank the journal’s readers for their comments on an earlier draft of this article. We also wish to thank Candace
Loewen for her insights, comments, and encouragement. Thanks are also extended to our colleagues who commented on various
aspects of the project during Library and Archives Canada (LAC) appraisal seminars. Kerry Badgley also wishes to thank Sarah,
Paul, and Shannon Badgley for providing a daily reminder of why it is important to document the past. 相似文献
5.
MARGARET J. DIXON 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):285-313
Case files are voluminous and present challenges to archivists, government departments, and other institutions that are charged
with the responsibility of managing these records either throughout or at various stages of their life cycle. To date, archivists
and records administrators, both in Canada and worldwide, have recognized the case file challenge and are rethinking solutions
for dealing with this persistent problem. This article argues that by building on our cumulative knowledge acquired through
years of applying macroappraisal and functional analysis to the appraisal of government records, and staking out a modern
definition of “case file records” based on their transactional characteristics, we indeed do have the skills and the expertise
to tackle the problem and develop a new solution for case file records. Rather than taking a piecemeal approach or relying
on sampling techniques, Library and Archives Canada (LAC) Case Files Appraisal Working Group (CFAWG)1 demonstrates how to consistently make keep-destroy appraisal decisions for the disposition of operational case file records.2 相似文献
6.
Catherine Bailey 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):361-364
The author, who is Guest Reviews Editor for this special issue on macro-appraisal, introduces and provides context for four
review articles, written by archival educators from Canada, the United States, and Australia, that discuss the most important
works they use to teach macroappraisal and why these works are chosen. While each article demonstrates the unique characteristics
of the archival education program in which the author is situated, they are united by a common theme—the need for educators
to prepare students, as best they can, to take their places as practising professional archivists. 相似文献
7.
KAREN ANDERSON 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):379-389
The author, a senior lecturer at Edith Cowan University in Australia, discusses the literature used to teach macroappraisal
of electronic records through distance education techniques within an environment rooted in the Australian records continuum.
In this context, students are given a sound grounding in systems analysis and design, as well as functional appraisal and
the importance of metadata. A key teaching element is the International Standards Organization's Information and Documentation—Records Management (ISO 15489), which she demonstrates has strong parallels to the principles of systems analysis and design. 相似文献
8.
Brian P. N. Beaven 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):315-341
The dilemma of implementing macroappraisal is to transform theory and methodology into selection and preservation of archival records through disposition procedures. Having shifted the focus from the record to the function from which it derives, how does a program or an appraisal project committed to the macroappraisal approach get back to the record to ensure compliance and accountability? This paper uses the experience of Library and Archives Canada (LAC) as a form of case study (a model for success) which examines how applied theory and program practice come to terms with each other. It analyses the tensions, the challenges, and the creativity that inevitably arise when turning macroappraisal from an appraisal methodology into a fully articulated archival disposition program whose final “deliverable” is the archival record. Making things simple, it turns out, is complicated. 相似文献
9.
Candace Loewen 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):239-259
This article explains the re-engineering of the government records disposition program at Library and Archives Canada (LAC)
in 2002–2004. The main point is that the framework of accountability has grown since the launch of the macroappraisal program
(often referred to as the planned approach to disposition) at the (former) National Archives of Canada (NA) in 1990–1991.
The opportunity for building an expanded framework of accountability presented itself after 2000 when a number of “push” (internal
to the disposition program) and “pull” (external to the program) factors coalesced to challenge a reduced program. The reengineering
exercise involved LAC government records archivists working together to develop the following new program documentation: Government-Wide
Plan (GWP); Memorandum of Understanding (MOU); Appraisal Checklist; Terms and Conditions for the Transfer of Archival Records;
Briefing Note for the Librarian and Archivist of Canada; and the Multi-Institutional Disposition Authority (MIDA) for Operational
Case Files. Significant work also went into creating version three of the Records Disposition Authorities Control System (RDACS).
As a result of reengineering the appraisal and disposition program, there is an accountability framework now in place for
more than keep-destroy recommendations, one that has moved beyond disposition to include acquisition of and accessibility
to the archival record. 相似文献
10.
Robert Kretzschmar 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):219-238
In October 2004, the archival appraisal working group of the Association of German Archivists (Verband deutscher Archivarinnen
und Archivare) presented a position paper outlining the present status of the debate on appraisal within the Federal Republic
of Germany. What follows is an overview of this discussion as background and context for the group’s position paper; an examination
of the common ground between appraisal as practised in Germany and macroappraisal as developed in Canada; and a glimpse at
the future directions of this discussion in Germany. The position paper is appended to this article. 相似文献
11.
NORMAND FORTIER 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):343-360
The author examines the adoption and evolution of macroappraisal at Library and Archives Canada from the point of view of
managing program information. Practices inherited from an earlier period were improved in the areas of accountability and
control of the administrative process, but these improvements could not support the new approach's most recent needs in terms
of communication, research and analysis, and reflection on the program's consistency and results. The operational sector responsible
for the program took the initiative to build an information system, the Records Disposition Authorities Control System (RDACS),
which proved a key asset in re-engineering the program, both in identifying problems and in sharing knowledge essential to
ist sucess. 相似文献
12.
Barbara L. Craig 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):391-402
The author, a professor at the University of Toronto, touches briefly on the extensive and rich archival literature that supports
the teaching of macroappraisal, but notes that this is not the only educational material she offers her students when teaching
appraisal theory. She discusses the usefulness to archivists of literature from the fields of ethnography, organizational
knowing, records in history, personal documentary behaviour, memory, and communications, noting that the use of texts from
these fields can encourage students to reflect on their own presumptions and to develop a taste for the wide reading and research
that must support appraisal. 相似文献
13.
Agnes E. M. Jonker 《Archival Science》2005,5(2-4):203-218
A new appraisal method for national government records introduced in the 1990s aimed at reducing backlogs in the transfer
of pre-1976 records to the National Archives of the Netherlands. Since then, appraisal and disposition decisions are based
on macro analysis. Preventing new backlogs from occurring was a second goal. The socalled project PIVOT (1991–2001 and after)
coordinated the introduction, development, and implementation of the new appraisal method. This article describes the objectives,
method, and appraisal criteria, as well as the criticism and laborious progress of this ongoing story.
This article is a revised and enlarged version of an earlier publication, “Makrohindamine Hollandis. Eskimesed kümme aanstat:
1991–2001”, TUNA Ajalookultuuri ajakiri
4 (2003): 150–154. 相似文献
14.
Elise Edmonds 《档案与原稿》2020,48(2):186-199
ABSTRACT Weeks after the Armistice was declared, Principal Librarian William Ifould of the Public Library of New South Wales recommended to Library Trustees that the institution begin to collect ‘private and official documents’ produced during the war. By early December 1918, advertisements began to appear in Australian and New Zealand newspapers, encouraging returning soldiers to sell their personal diaries to the Library. Known as the European War Collecting Project, this acquisition program was the first of its kind in Australia. This paper explores the Library’s acquisition of personal diaries written by those who served and analyses the appraisal methodologies carried out by State Library staff. This case study underscores the recent archival debate which has re-assessed the role of archivists in assessment, appraisal, preservation (and privileging) of some collections over others and argues that archivists mediate and consequently shape the collections in their institutions. 相似文献
15.
近年来电子文件管理研究的文献数量逐年增多,但多局限于单一国家或少数国家的电子文件管理经验,并大多关注电子政务背景下的电子文件管理系统建设问题,视角多基于信息技术或文件档案管理.本文采用文献调查和典型案例研究方法,对2008年以来的代表性英文期刊文献和澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰、英国和美国的代表性电子文件管理法规、政策、标准及最佳实践指南进行了分析,旨在发现国际领域电子文件管理综合解决方案的国际进展、发展趋势和未来方向.研究揭示,越来越多的国家认识到电子文件管理的问题与挑战并将其列入电子政务建设的议程;采用多学科合作方法将文件作为信息资源和业务资产进行管理是电子文件管理的国际化发展趋势;制定综合集成管理方案整合、优化和创新组织和国家层次的电子文件管理和电子政务建设方案是电子文件管理的未来发展方向. 相似文献
16.
[目的/意义] 利用文献调查法与内容分析法对新西兰图书馆职业资格认证体系与配套制度进行分析,以期为我国建立相关的图书馆职业能力标准提供借鉴与参考。[方法/过程] 利用文献调查法与内容分析法对新西兰奥特亚罗瓦图书馆和信息协会的图书馆员和情报从业人员专业注册计划及相关实施制度进行分析。从专业注册计划的概况、认证实施机构、注册条件、注册路径和配套体系等角度进行阐述。[结果/结论] 新西兰已形成由图书馆行业协会主导的职业资格认证;构建知行合一的认证标准体系;建立长效、多层次、多维度的职业发展配套体系。 相似文献
17.
Recent legislation in New Zealand has placed statutory obligations on its government organizations to introduce sound records management practices and to ensure long-term access to their digital records. To obtain a base level of knowledge on current digital preservation practices and on awareness of digital preservation issues, an online survey was conducted of the nation's government organizations in March 2006. The survey, which achieved a response rate of 42.4%, found that most organizations were knowledgeable about basic aspects of their digital resources but their awareness of digital preservation was generally low, and digital preservation activity was modest overall. To identify possible reasons for this situation, Rogers' (Diffusion of innovations. 5th ed. New York: Free Press. 2003) Diffusion of Innovations model is used to discuss digital preservation as an innovation and the level of readiness for digital preservation as the innovation's rate of adoption. The paper concludes by using Rogers' model as the basis for making recommendations aimed at helping the government's lead agencies to increase New Zealand's public sector readiness for digital preservation. 相似文献
18.
19.
本文通过对数字环境引发的档案鉴定理论与实践调整的原因进行分析,梳理国外档案界的鉴定观,并提出对中国电子文件鉴定的启示. 相似文献
20.
本文在分析当前档案智能鉴定普遍做法的基础上,结合计算机系统中常用的黑白名单技术原理,介绍了一种综合档案鉴定要求和“大数据”建设思想的“黑白名单鉴定法”,并辅以程序流程图、伪代码和黑白名单作进一步说明,提出此方法在电子档案管理系统中的实现方式和有关要求,为更好地实现电子档案智能鉴定提供参考借鉴。 相似文献