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1 Introduction High-speed networking can now deliver Information tomillions of users in seconds.Users In turn can download thedata in electronic format or just print them out with a fewstrokes of the keyboard.The data can be easily saved,reorganized and modified electronocally.While informationtechnology provides fast and easy ways to distributeinformation,it also presents challenges.Easy access tocopyrighted materials is resulting in the unauthorizedreproduction of all kinds of information,forcing information 相似文献
2.
Authors and Open Access： Effective Ways to Achieve OA in China 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Although there are effective methods available to authors for providing open access to their work, more than half are still not doing so and provision in China is poorer than in many other countries. There are a number of issues and concerns that dissuade authors from making their work open access ： some are still unaware of the concept and of the increased visibility and impact that open access brings; many are unfamiliar with open access journals and how they work; many are uninformed about self-archiving and for some of those who are aware of the possibility of providing open access by this means, concerns about copyright and technical issues remain. Yet all these worries can be addressed with simple facts that reassure and encourage authors to adopt open access to benefit themselves, their research and their teaching. There is also a wealth of resources now available to authors that provide information and advice on open access and its effects. As institutions and research funders, both with a strong interest in maximising the visibility and impact of research they support, begin to develop formal policies on open access, models for its provision are emerging. The optimal model is a network of institution-based open access repositories from which content can be harvested by open access search engines （ the basic＇ no frills＇ variant） or by service providers who add functionality or selectivity to provide users with value-enhanced products. 相似文献
3.
Use of a retrieval algorithm of keypoints in an information system ensuring the frame stability during digitization of archival film footage 
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下载免费PDF全文 One of the main technical tasks of any cinema archives-in which are deposited the movies as film footage-is the digitization of analog content to achieve two main goals, i.e. to provide a termless storage and a secure access to archival film footage Belousov, Vinokur and Vasin. The information contents stored as film footage are very large, many of the films are unique and don't occur in another form; and this storage method makes difficult their access and threatens their existence in unmodified state itself. The film degradation in form of medium shrinkage with aftermodification of geometry in the form of edges' shrinking, bending and bowing of the film surface, and destruction of the emulsion layer degrades the technical quality of the image, and leads to its complete loss. The data presentation in digital form eliminates this disadvantage and increases the accessibility of the film footage, allowing the selective access, including multimedia network, be it TV or Internet.
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4.
The Reading History of China, edited by Professor Wang Yuguang , was published by Anhui Educational Press at the end of 2017. This book is the first book on general history of reading in China and fills in the blank of the research field of reading history. The scientific research team headed by Professor Wang Yuguang has been working for many years to establish and improve the theoretical system of the study of Chinese reading history. Through translating and introducing the research achievements of foreign reading history compiling the compilation of reading historical materials and launching case studies they attempted to establish the theoretical system of Chinese reading history. This book is divided into ten volumes. The first volume is “Theory Volume". It discusses many theoretical issues in the study of reading history , including the research progress of reading history at home and abroad the research contents of Chinese reading history and reading culture the national era and regional characteristics of reading history and reading culture; the interaction between reading activities and text changes , social environment and education , social consciousness and religion , academic changes and other factors. China's long-standing reading culture and traditions were refined and summarized. Volume 10 is “the Record of Pictures", which compiles representative pictures related to reading activities in successive dynasties. Volumes 2 to 9 are divided into eleven relatively independent historical stages according to the development of reading history and the main characteristics of each period. On the basis of fully absorbing the theoretical research achievements of reading history at home and abroad and comprehensively grasping the research materials of reading history in China , the book puts forward the core view that reading is a universal social and cultural phenomenon. It holds that reading is not only an individual behavior , but also an important part of human civilized life. Therefore , the reader's reading behavior is inevitably affected by both internal and external factors and the study of reading history should be placed in the overall environment of social history. According to this idea , the book decomposes the internal and external factors affecting reading behavior one by one establishes a research system of Chinese reading history from the perspective of social culture and summarizes the research contents of Chinese reading history into three aspects and eight main topics 1 Discipline foundation and theoretical research , aiming at the construction of theoretical system and basic information; 2) External factors affecting reading , including the relationship between reading activities and text changes social environment and education social consciousness and religion academic and knowledge system , publishing and dissemination of environmental factors; 3) Internal factors affecting reading. It includes reader,s reading behavior , reading environment , reading content, reading concept , reading thought and theory and social reading tradition etc. which shape and influence the reading behavior. The writing of each sub-volume revolves around the above-mentioned framework , focusing on reflecting the characteristics of the times regions and nationalities in each stage of the history of reading. On this basis , the tradition and spirit of ancient Chinese reading are condensed into five aspects. Finally , combined with the compiling experience of The Reading History of China, some topics are put forward for further study such as the collection and publication of reading historical materials the methodology of reading history the contemporary value of research on reading history and reading culture the reading history of a region or ethnic group the study of reading population and the case study of representative readers. 12 refs. © 2019, Editorial Office of Journal of Library Science in China. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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目前世界上对电子,印刷出版物及大型图书馆建筑的一些看法 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
1996年12月21日,作为上海图书馆新馆开馆系列宣传活动之一的“21世纪图书情报理论国际报告会”隆重举行,来自世界图书馆发展前沿的欧美、日本图书馆专家带来了当今图书馆学研究的最新动态。他们的报告突出地表明了,国际图书馆界在经历了电子化浪潮的最初冲击后,已经回复到理智思考的阶段,在新的层面上开始了更深入的探索。在这些外国专家的报告中,有许多可以引起中国图书馆界认真思考的问题。其中最重要的是对传统图书馆的认识、对传统印刷出版物的态度以及当前或未来图书馆主要的任务究竟是什么等等的分析。这些来自发达国家图书馆界的专家的观点对于前一时期图书馆界某些赶时髦,宣称现代计算机通讯技术即可取代或令图书馆消亡的说法应该是一贴很好的清醒剂。来自不同地域的图书馆专家们,提出问题的角度不一,阐述深浅也有差异,但从中可以找到的共同点起码应该有:1.当代图书馆并未显示出衰退的趋势,而在世界上的很多地方,近年来新建的图书馆大楼恰恰是所在国家或地区本世纪来最大的文化设施。现代高科技的进入,兆示了图书馆将要承担比以往更为重要的社会功能;2.电子出版物尚未真正显示出取代传统纸张印刷出版物的可能性。读者希望图书馆应用高科技手段为其快速寻找信息和资料线索,但真正要获得相关的知识时,他们却要求图书馆能提供更传统的印刷文本载体;3.读者对图书馆的要求并不仅仅是提供信息,他们真正需要的是知识,而知识是一个相对完整的形态,与单一、片断的信息并不是一回事。计算机和通讯技术的引进为图书馆加强信息管理、扩充文献资源、改善社会服务提供了技术手段。面对汹涌而来的信息潮流,图书馆界有许多事情要做,但要牢牢把握的仅有一条:重要的是如何处理信息。从本期起,《图书馆杂志》将逐期刊出国外专家的报告节译文本,供图书馆界同行参考。 相似文献
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《东南传播》2019,(4)
21世纪,随着信息经济社会的不断升级和走向成熟,一个新的文化经济时代——传媒经济时代(注:简称为传媒时代)将在信息经济社会内部形成,并成为信息经济社会发展的一种重要的智能化推促力和重要的新型商业传输力。要保证传播媒介智能化推促力和新型商业传输力的充分发挥,转变传统传播媒介认识观、确立科学的传播媒介思维方式是关键。合格的传媒经营者,一定要在懂得传媒经营技巧和传媒政策的前提下,还要真正懂得三种最基础性的传媒理论,即传播媒介的定义、传播媒介理论和传播媒介革命。传媒本体是指人、事、物,而这种人、事、物绝对不是指自然人和没有任何内容的事、物,而是拥有丰富信息内容的人、事、物,也只有这样,传媒促使双方或多方关系的作用力才能真正的发挥出来。能够发挥传媒作用的人、事、物是一个整体,真正实现了人与事、物的最佳结合,绝对不是分离的,因为人与事、物的分离就会造成人脑中储存的信息失去了传输的渠道和载体,就会造成载有文字、声音、图像、数据等信息的媒质(介质)变成毫无价值的东西。传媒社会是指以传播媒介为支柱的社会,是从传媒的角度对信息社会的解析。可见,传媒社会与信息社会同属于一个社会范畴。传媒社会是从传播媒介的角度分析信息社会;信息社会是从信息的角度分析信息社会。在传媒社会里,传播媒介是轴心,人们的一切活动都是通过传媒这个轴心连接起来;在信息社会里,人们的一切活动都是以信息为中心进行的。传媒"产事剥离"模式是指依据传播媒介发展规律和传播媒介在国家还存在的人类社会体系内所具有的政治性、经济性基本特质的要求建立起来的传媒文化事业体制与传媒文化产业体制的共同体。要保证传媒"产事剥离"模式功能力的实现,当前的首要任务是树立科学的传媒思维观,这是有效保护我国传媒绿水青山的关键。四十年来,我国传媒改革的实践和理论告诉人们:传媒经济的形成和发展并成为文化经济体系中的一种新型经济形态主要有三大根本性的支柱:1.传媒形态;2.传媒技术;3.传媒信息。 相似文献
8.
Elizabeth Shepherd 《Archival Science》2009,9(3-4):173-185
Archives have the potential to change people’s lives. They are created to enable the conduct of business and accountability, but they also support a democratic society’s expectations for transparency and the protection of rights, they underpin citizen’s rights and are the raw material of our history and memory. This paper examines these issues in the context of the historical development of archives and archivists in twentieth century England. The research lays the foundations for understanding how and why the modern archives and records management profession developed in England. This paper will investigate the historical conflict (or is it a continuum?) between archives as culture and as evidence. The story identifies and highlights the contributions made by many fascinating individuals who established archives services and professional practice in England in the twentieth century. They shaped the archive in a very real way, and their individual enthusiasms, interests and understandings set the course of the English archival profession. To a great extent, it was these individuals, rather than government or legislation, that set the boundaries of English archives, they decided what was included (acquired) and what was not (of archival value.) The conclusion will consider the more fundamental questions: what are archives and what are they for, or perhaps, ‘what good are the archives’? 相似文献
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10.
本文基于美国排名前10的iSchools院校档案学课程设置的调研,从课程内容、教学方式、课程体系与课程制度等维度,分析其档案学课程主题设置、教学方式、体系编排、选课制度的特点,并针对我国档案学课程设置创新性差、跨学科专业课程资源开发不足、专业课程资源共享共建理念缺失、实践课程比例小、选修课少、课程设置与培养目标关联性差等共性问题,结合美国iSchools档案学课程设置的经验,从档案学课程内容建设、教学方式改革、课程体系编排与课程制度建设等维度,探讨了其对我国档案学课程建设的启示。 相似文献
11.
《Journal Of Archival Organization》2013,11(1):5-18
Abstract Many archivists regard the archival imagination evidenced in the writings of David Bearman as avant-garde. Archivist Linda Henry has sharply criticized Bearman for being irreverent toward the archival theory and practice outlined by classical American archivist T. R. Schellenberg. Although Bearman is sometimes credited-and sometimes berated-for establishing “a new paradigm” centered on the archival management of electronic records, his methods and strategies are intended to encompass all forms of record keeping. The essay provides general observations on Bearman's archival imagination, lists some of its components, and addresses elements of Henry's critique. Although the longlasting impact of Bearman's imagination upon the archival profession might be questioned, it nonetheless deserves continued consideration by archivists and inclusion as a component of graduate archival education. 相似文献
12.
Randall C. Jimerson 《Archival Science》2006,6(3-4):299-312
J. Franklin Jameson and Waldo G. Leland remain forever linked in American archival history as the founders, respectively, of the National Archives and the American archival profession. From the immediate post-Revolutionary period until the eve of the First World War, American historians recognized that their nation's early history remained locked in European archives. However, not until the pioneering efforts of Leland, working under supervision of Jameson during the early 20th century, did any of these historical researchers bring to the United States, along with the voluminous copies of archival documents, the emerging tenets of European archival theory. This is the story of the collaboration between Jameson and Leland, and of Leland's efforts to professionalize American archival practice on the basis of European archival theory. 相似文献
13.
档案工作者是现代社会的记录者,他们挑选并保存历史事件和社会思想的凭证信息,并由此掌握着过去。海伦.塞缪尔斯提出的文献记录战略深刻影响了北美的档案思想和鉴定方法,启发了许多档案理论家和实践者去反思和探讨一个重要的主题:档案工作者怎样以更适合21世纪的方式来记录现代社会和掌握过去。 相似文献
14.
档案职业、职业竞争力与档案本科教育创新 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
目前我国档案职业发展存在诸多问题,其中原因之一在于档案职业缺少核心技能和职业资格准入制度.本文从提高档案本科毕业生职业竞争力的角度,分析了我国档案职业发展的基本现状,认为应当通过科学定位档案本科教育目标、合理规划档案本科课程、积极探索开放式的档案本科教学模式等方面的改革,从而积极推动我国档案本科教育创新的开展. 相似文献
15.
Dominique Daniel 《Archival Science》2014,14(2):169-203
This article traces the representations of ethnicity and immigration in mainstream American and Canadian archives since the 1950s. It identifies three main periods of evolution of these ethnic archives: the era prior to the civil rights movement, the 1960–1980s and the 1990s and beyond. Relying on an understanding of archival collections as social constructions anchored in specific historical contexts, the article considers the various political, economic, social and technological factors that affected ethnic archives over time, especially as they relate to changing scholarly and popular conceptions of ethnicity in North America. It pays particular attention to the impact of historical scholarship in fields related to immigration and ethnicity and of postmodernist archival theories that challenge the traditional view of archives as evidence of the past. It suggests that the relationship between ethnic archives and their historical context is dialectical: not only are they affected by the context in which they are developed and managed, but they also have an impact on that context as they favor certain conceptions of ethnicity and types of ethnic groups at the expense of others. Both curators and users of archival materials should therefore pay closer attention to the history of the processes that went into the construction of these archives to avoid falling victims to the illusion of ethnic authenticity. 相似文献
16.
A Tower of Babel: Standardizing Archival Terminology 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Repeated calls to standardize archival terminology have long characterized the archival literature. This paper first looks
at the characteristics of a profession, the place of terminology in the context of a body of professional knowledge, and the
development of archival principles, before examining international and national efforts to develop standardized vocabularies.
The paper concludes with an examination of the difficulties in standardizing archival terminology, and discusses suggestions
in the most recent literature that some of these difficulties may be overcome with new approaches such as an increased understanding
of cultural warrant, exploration of the possibilities of contextual terminology, a better understanding of the processes of
standards development, and adoption of the methods of experts in terminology. 相似文献
17.
Terry Cook 《Archival Science》2001,1(1):3-24
Process rather than product, becoming rather than being, dynamic rather than static, context rather than text, reflecting
time and place rather than universal absolutes—these have become the postmodern watchwords for analyzing and understanding
science, society, organizations, and business activity, among others. They should likewise become the watchwords for archival
science in the new century, and thus the foundation for a new conceptual paradigm for the profession. Postmodernism is not
the only reason for reformulating the main precepts of archival science. Significant changes in the purpose of archives as
institutions and the nature of records are other factors which, combined with postmodern insights, form the basis of the new
perception of archives as documents, institutions, and profession in society.
This essay explores the nature of postmodernism and archival science, and suggest links between the two. It outlines two broad
changes in archival thinking that underpin the archival paradigm shift, before suggesting new formulations for most traditional
archival concepts. 相似文献