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1.
高蕾刘娅 《中国科技资源导刊 (中国信息导报)》2018,(1):66-74
随着信息时代的来临,科学技术面向社会成员的传播扩散成为提升公众科学素养,增强大众对科学的认知
及交流的重要方式,而国际组织在加速世界科学传播中发挥着重要作用。为了解国际组织科学传播的特点,以UNESCO
为例,对有关UNESCO科学传播的文献进行定量分析,通过对高频关键词进行聚类,利用战略坐标分析方法,计
算各类团向心度和粘合度,描述不同阶段的工作重点及工作内容趋势变化,讨论各主题的发展现状及研究地位。研究
发现,UNESCO科学传播工作在2005—2010年围绕资源开放共享、环境保护等方面,在2011—2016年面向创新技术应
用、科学技术发展等方面开展。两个阶段的共同工作重点包括ICT能力建设、教育发展等。虽然在不同阶段其侧重点有
所不同,但整体并未发生明显变化,主题内部联系和主题之间的关系逐渐紧密,研究正在不断稳定成熟。 相似文献
2.
基于5W1H分析法的基层公共图书馆服务供给政社合作研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的/意义]在国家深化文化体制改革的背景下,政社合作提供图书馆服务是对公共文化服务供给模式的探索与创新。本文在丰富基层公共图书馆服务供给政社合作的理论基础上,探讨政府和社会组织如何实现有效合作,为我国基层公共图书馆的建设和发展提供参考。[方法/过程]运用5W1H分析法,深入分析基层公共图书馆服务供给政社合作的动因、参与主体、模式、不同模式之间的差异、流程以及发展策略。[结果/结论]促进政社合作长效发展,需要加强顶层制度设计,创造良好的合作环境;明确角色定位,保持社会组织的独立性;严把评审环节,科学选择合作对象;依据客观情况,灵活选择合作模式。 相似文献
3.
This paper analyzes the relation between publishing public performance results on the Internet, stakeholder accountability, and the effectiveness and legitimacy of Dutch public service organizations. The empirical research focuses on Web sites with performance results of schools and hospitals. These results are published on the Internet by ‘third parties’ (government organizations, associations of public service organizations, and newspapers). Publications of performance results stimulate schools and hospitals to score better on performance indicators because they feel the ‘public eyes’ on them. However, the risk of a ‘performance paradox’ and adverse effects is great since strategic behavior may lead to higher scores but not improve the effectiveness of these organizations. The research provides moderate support for negative effects on the legitimacy of schools and hospitals which may be attributed to the sole use of the Internet as a medium for access to information and negligence of its communicative potential. 相似文献
4.
《Journal of Informetrics》2014,8(2):431-447
A great deal of work has been done to understand how science contributes to technological innovation and medicine. This is no surprise given the amount of money invested annually in R&D. However, what is not well known is that US science (R&D) investment is only one-sixth that of the annual revenue received by non-profit organizations (NPOs) in the US. The large majority of NPO revenues are devoted to the remaining landscape of altruistic causes – those not relying as heavily on scientific inquiry. Given this broader context, one might reasonably expect the non-profit world to have been as well characterized as that of scientific research. The unfortunate truth is that no map of altruistic missions and causes exists; the landscape of altruistic activity is virtually unknown. In this paper, we present the first maps of altruistic mission space. These maps were created using the text from websites of 125,000 non-profit organizations (NPOs) in the US. The maps consist of 357 topics covering areas such as religion, education, sports, culture, human services, public policy and medical care. The role of science in this altruistic landscape is examined. Possible applications are discussed. 相似文献
5.
《Government Information Quarterly》2023,40(1):101780
In light of the increasing importance of citizen-centricity in public services, one approach technologically advanced public organizations take is to integrate proactivity into their services. Scholars agree with the potential for proactivity in public services and study some aspects of the topic, and some publications deal with the concept of proactivity itself. However, opinions regarding the characteristics of proactive public services diverge in both research and practice, and despite—or maybe because of—the growing body of research, the literature still lacks conceptual clarity. We address this issue by developing a taxonomy for proactive public services using Nickerson, Varshney, and Muntermann's (2013) taxonomy-development method. Using eight empirical and conceptual iterations that draw on a structured literature review, two semi-structured interviews, investigation of 67 real-world objects, and an evaluation with nine potential users, we propose a taxonomy of eight dimensions and 23 characteristics. The outcome of this work enriches scientific knowledge about digital government by detailing the concept of a proactive public service and serving as a basis for further research. Moreover, practitioners can be inspired by the 23 characteristics of proactive public services to identify possible next steps in the design of their services, such as determining which proactive public services are feasible and in what form. In addition to the taxonomy, our collection of 67 practical examples of proactive public services from a variety of countries contributes to digital government research and practice. 相似文献
6.
7.
《Government Information Quarterly》2023,40(3):101832
Public organizations are looking for new ways to use digital technologies to increase the efficiency of their internal processes and improve their interactions with clients, whether citizens or businesses. In response, scholars suggest that public organizations be proactive in digital public services such that the organizations approach their clients, rather than the other way around. In the most extreme form of proactivity, clients do not have to do anything to receive a public service. Although various examples of proactive public services are in use, how proactivity changes the conceptual understanding of digital public services remains unclear. Therefore, we derive the changes that proactivity causes in a conceptualization of digital public service by means of a conceptual analysis through the lens of a seminal theoretical work on proactivity. The results indicate that proactivity can ensure equal accessibility to a subset of public services, rely on more comprehensive integration of IT systems on the back end, and change how value is co-created in the service process. We formulate the changes as propositions that future work can investigate empirically and discuss proactive digital public services as a way to reduce clients' administrative burden. We contribute to theory by clarifying the conceptual changes in digital public services that proactivity invokes and call for joint research by scholars of public administration, information systems, and service management to relate the research streams of administrative burden and proactive digital public service. 相似文献
8.
[目的/意义]在当前政府职能转变的背景下，政府与社会组织合作提供公共图书馆服务是公共图书馆管理体制改革的有效措施，也是公共图书馆事业发展的重要趋势。研究政府与社会组织的合作关系，不仅能够丰富相关理论成果，而且能为公共图书馆服务供给政社合作的发展提供参考。[目的/意义]通过文献调研、网络调研与实地调研相结合，论述公共图书馆服务供给政社合作关系的概念及特征，对公共图书馆服务供给政社合作关系中各主体的角色、政社合作关系的成因、政社合作关系的类型及形成过程进行深入分析。在此基础之上，提出公共图书馆服务供给政社合作关系可持续发展的对策。[结果/结论]良好合作关系的建立需要端正合作动机，完善合作制度，规范合作行为。 相似文献
9.
Over a million journal articles had been shared on public Facebook pages by 2017, but little is known about who is sharing (posting links to) these papers and whether mention counts could be an impact indicator. This study classified users who had posted about 749 links on Facebook before October 2017 mentioning 500 medical and health‐related research articles, obtained using altmetric.com data. Most accounts (68%) belonged to groups, including online communities, journals, academic organizations, and societies. Of individual profiles, academics accounted for only 4%, but the largest group were health care professionals (16%). More than half (58%) of all Facebook accounts examined were not academic. The non‐academic dominance suggests that public Facebook posts linking to health‐related articles are mostly used to facilitate scientific knowledge flow between non‐academic professionals and the public. Therefore, Facebook mention counts may be a combined academic and non‐academic attention indicator in the health and medical domains. 相似文献
10.
《Government Information Quarterly》2022,39(3):101703
Cyber-incidents threaten the confidentiality, efficiency, and integrity of digital information systems, causing privacy risks, economic losses, and reputational damages, and exposing managerial limitations. Although these phenomena are becoming more frequent in public agencies, research to date has mainly focused on private sector organizations and individuals. In this study, we contribute to the broader literature on cyber-incidents by exploring the drivers of both security breaches and unauthorized data disclosures in public organizations. Drawing from routine activity theory, we develop hypotheses on the determinants of cyber-incidents in departments in small and medium-sized US cities and test them using data from a national survey of public managers. Our findings suggest that both environmental and organizational factors are key determinants of cyber-incidents in city government. The results demonstrate the application of routine activity theory to public sector organizations and identify external and internal elements related to cyber-incidents in city government departments. 相似文献
11.
The Internet has emerged as one of the most prevalent forms of communication media in and among public organizations. The construction and management of the World Wide Web (Web) sites are becoming essential elements of modern public administration. This study is intended to provide an in-depth evaluation on the Web sites of Taiwan’s central government based on the Web performance indicators provided by Nielsen (2000). Based on the Nielsen’s indicators, the authors carefully studied and coded each individual Web site of Taiwan central governmental agencies. The coding results indicate that the government Web sites in general have made many of the mistakes as predicted by Nielsen. Most of the agencies need to improve the coordination between Web designers and the line mangers of the agencies. In light of these research findings, this article provides a number of strategies to improve the Web design practices of Taiwanese public organizations that may also apply to public organizations in general. 相似文献
12.
《Government Information Quarterly》2001,18(4):357-373
The Internet has emerged as one of the most prevalent forms of communication media in and among public organizations. The construction and management of the World Wide Web (Web) sites are becoming essential elements of modern public administration. This study is intended to provide an in-depth evaluation on the Web sites of Taiwan’s central government based on the Web performance indicators provided by Nielsen (2000). Based on the Nielsen’s indicators, the authors carefully studied and coded each individual Web site of Taiwan central governmental agencies. The coding results indicate that the government Web sites in general have made many of the mistakes as predicted by Nielsen. Most of the agencies need to improve the coordination between Web designers and the line mangers of the agencies. In light of these research findings, this article provides a number of strategies to improve the Web design practices of Taiwanese public organizations that may also apply to public organizations in general. 相似文献
13.
[目的/意义]通过解析国际组织科学数据开放共享政策所定义的不同利益相关者的责任与作用来为完善我国《科学数据管理办法》和实施科学数据开放共享提供参考。[方法/过程]基于网络调查和文本分析，论述国际组织科学数据开放共享政策所定义的不同利益相关者在科学数据开放共享中的责任与作用。[结果/结论]国际组织科学数据开放共享政策定义了包括政府、研究人员、研究机构、研究资助机构、图书馆或档案馆、数据中心、出版商、专业协会或学会、用户、企业等在内的众多利益相关者及其在科学数据开放共享活动中所具有的不同的责任与作用。我国应该借鉴这些经验制定国内科学数据开放共享政策，进一步提升科学数据开放共享水平。 相似文献
14.
[目的/意义] 立足国家科技信息资源管理的整体效益,以增强国家科技信息资源综合治理能力为目标,调查科学数据与科研档案管理协同的发展现状,探索相关推进策略。[方法/过程] 综合运用实地调查法、网络调查法、文献研究法、比较研究法和行动研究法,收集中、美、英、澳4个国家的科技主管部门、档案主管部门、科研资助机构、科研机构、科学数据管理机构、档案机构及相关国际组织的相关政策文本和实践材料,展开内容分析和后续研究。[结果/结论] 在政策层面,科学数据管理政策中与档案相关的规定集中体现在将档案馆视作存储基础设施及将归档视为科学数据管理活动;科研档案管理政策中与科学数据相关的规定集中体现在承认科学数据的档案属性,并将其纳入归档范围;科研资助机构的政策要求明确科学数据的归档和保存问题。在实践层面,国外在组织、政策、业务、服务等方面形成相对丰富的协同实践,国内的协同实践则刚刚起步。最后,从体制机制、政策体系、协作模式、业务融合、服务支撑、人才培养等方面提出推进管理协同的发展建议。 相似文献
15.
Keith Joseph Zukas 《Mass Communication and Society》2017,20(3):427-449
The dominance of political communication over an issue like wind energy has the power to overwhelm attempts to frame wind farming as a scientific or environmental issue in the mediated public sphere. Using regulation as the primary newsmaker, politicians instead of scientists or environmental organizations become journalists’ sources in framing the issue. Wind energy is a special issue that is framed in unique ways due to environmental, political, and industry ties. Contest framing ensues between institutional stakeholders to win favorable media coverage. Through a sociological lens, this analysis examines how contemporary political communications continue to influence the media through professional routines and relationships even in a scientifically grounded industry during a surge of public environmentalism. Comparisons of political, energy industry, and environmental advocacy communications show that political and energy industry frames dominate newspaper coverage of energy issues even when environmental and scientific issues are inherent to the story. 相似文献
16.
P. A. Kalachikhin 《Scientific and Technical Information Processing》2018,45(3):121-127
The issue of funding for basic research is investigated. Public funding models for research organizations are presented. A new approach to the assessment of possible thematic areas based on bibliometric and webometric indicators is introduced. The architecture of the state system of scientific and technical information is discussed. Scientometric methods provide an instrument for resolving the infrastructure problems of the Russian science. 相似文献
17.
《Journal of Media Economics》2013,26(4):241-258
This article argues the need for a theory of the media firm. Universal theories of management and context-dependent contingency theories of management control are identified. Other theoretical approaches to media organizations are reviewed: media management, theories of not-for-profit organizations, and theories of political management. The contribution to the theory of the media firm by 2 French scientists is analyzed-Bourdieu and Debray. This article concludes that a theory of the public service media firm needs to use several building blocks, some with relatively well-known sources, some with more recent origins. Avenues for further research are indicated, which may add angles to the development of a theory of managment in the public service media firm. 相似文献
18.
论文以湖南图书馆开展科研管理工作的实例为切入点,探讨公共图书馆开展科研管理工作的支撑点,指出公共图书馆开展科研管理工作的策略有：机构建设、制度建设、项目建设和人才建设。 相似文献
19.
政府主导下的社会知识保障体系 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文从生产与归属角度出发,认为知识可分为个人知识和社会知识。教育机构、科研院所、公共知识中心(图书馆)、情报部门和其他文化组织,共同构成了社会知识保障体系。政府是社会公共管理的主体,应当在制度、市场、设施和人才等方面采取有效措施,积极引导社会知识保障体系可持续发展。 相似文献
20.
《Government Information Quarterly》2022,39(4):101617
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been suggested to have transformative potential for public sector organizations through enabling increased productivity and novel ways to deliver public services. In order to materialize the transformative potential of AI, public sector organizations need to successfully assimilate AI in their operational activities. However, AI assimilation in the public sector appears to be fragmented and lagging the private sector, and the phenomena has really limited attention from academic research community. To address this gap, we adopt the case study approach to explore three Saudi-Arabian public sector organizations and analyze the results using the attention-based view of the organization (ABV) as the theoretical lens. This study elucidates the challenges related AI assimilation in public sector in terms of how organizational attention is focused situated and distributed during the assimilation process. Five key challenges emerged from the cases studied, namely (i) misalignment between AI and management decision-making, (ii) tensions with linguistics and national culture, (iii) developing and implementing AI infrastructure, (iv) data integrity and sharing, and (v) ethical and governance concerns. The findings reveal a re-enforcing relationship between the situated attention and structural distribution of attention that can accelerate the successful assimilation of AI in public sector organizations. 相似文献