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本文从语用学的角度对新闻话语的交际意义进行了阐释。语用合作原则和关联原则对话语意义推理作出了不同的解释．但是二者都暗示了交际者在意义推理中的理性行为,即话语意义的理解过程是符合逻辑规则的。话语意义的理解可以看做是在新闻语言交际语境中对交际者说话意向的还原。新闻话语意义的推理可以看做新闻交际者对信念协调性的自我辩护。基于此,作者提出如下假设：在正常新闻交际语境中,我们倾向于相信一个陈述,而不是拒绝它。即使这个陈述可能是错误的,因为证明一个陈述是错误的要付出更多的认知努力。我们只有在确定这个陈述是错误的时候才拒绝它。 相似文献
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暖新闻力图给受众以关爱、抚慰和温情,其话语实践打破了既往新闻客观和主观、情感和理性二元对立的话语框架,在契合暖新闻体现时代、社会和人心之暖的主题前提下,通过第三人称的他者话语和个人化的心理过程,实现客观事实呈现和暖心情感表达之间的协调和统一。同时,新媒介技术在增强暖新闻报道感染力和实现受众创造性消费暖新闻的过程中也发挥着主体性作用。 相似文献
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本文在Norman Fairclough( 1992)所提出的关于话语的社会理论指导下,依托跨文化传播研究、阐释学、符号学,将新闻编译置于“文本、话语实践、社会实践”这样一个三位一体、共核并有着层级蕴涵关系的框式,剖析了新闻编译者的多个角色.在文本层面编译者成为“译码者/编码者”;在话语实践层面编译者承担着“编辑/译者/传播者”的角色;在社会实践层面,编译者则表现为特定文化意识形态的主体.研究新闻编译者角色的多面性,有助于理顺新闻编译这一话语实践中所集结的多重社会关系,并揭示跨文化传播中新闻编译语篇的建构. 相似文献
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新闻话语的设置、表述与对抗 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
管成云 《浙江传媒学院学报》2008,15(3):28-31
新闻话语是新闻话语者在一定的社会语境中运用语言符号系统和非语言符号系统叙述与建构新闻事实的工具。新闻话语功能的实现起始于话语的设置,因为新闻话语的设置规定了新闻表述的内容框架和意识形态框架并支配着表述的倾向。不同地域与国家的新闻媒体由于所持的立场、观念、态度不同或所代表的利益集团不同,所设置的新闻话语就可能会出现分歧,其表述的具象新闻事实就会产生差异,这必然会导致话语对抗。因此,在全球化的传播语境中我国就非常有必要去建构国家话语体系和民族文化发展战略,以把握属于自己国家的话语权、确立自己的国际话语地位而维护国家的利益与国际形象。 相似文献
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时政类新闻期刊经过近40年的发展,随着政治环境和形势的变迁其叙述话语也经历了从一元到多元,从简单告知到故事化叙述的多重演变.本文分析和总结了目前我国时政类新闻期刊中叙事话语的四种样态,即以宣传为主的政治话语,以资本驱动的商业话语,回归新闻本质的民间话语和以事实为本位到追求故事化叙述的话语转变.新闻话语发生的转变,一方面离不开市场和技术的推动和促进作用,另一方面离不开我国政治的民主化进程.在新闻叙事话语的转变过程中,越来越回归新闻的本质属性,体现新闻规律.民间话语在与政治和商业话语的博弈与抗争中成长和壮大,新闻叙事不断由政治化语境向故事化、平民化、娱乐化叙事话语转变. 相似文献
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Perry Parks 《Critical Studies in Media Communication》2019,36(1):75-91
This critical analysis of U.S. journalism textbooks from 1894 to 2016 shows how texts across decades have (re)constructed a discourse of damage through news values emphasizing and rationalizing conflict and bad news. Findings are reported in the context of literature suggesting that negative news values foster a distorted sense of social relations, increase fear, and depress civic participation. Literature also indicates that non-journalists often view news through less conflict-oriented, and more value-laden, frames, suggesting that journalistic values are not natural or inevitable but subject to change. The discourse in journalism textbooks can be a key site for understanding and influencing journalism culture. Constructive alternatives to the dominant discourse are suggested. 相似文献
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在社会救助机制不完善的情况下,传媒的越界评判和敦请成为一种“合法的”补偿机制。本文认为,传媒的越界行为得以存在主要原因,在于新闻生产过程中所使用的平民主义话语策略,调动并契合了转型时期中国民众的社会心理。传媒在激烈的竞争中获得某种市场和道德的双重默许。 相似文献
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档案话语意指档案内容所映射的叙事意义以及围绕档案建构过程的参与要素。后保管模式下,档案话语发生多维转向更迭,具体表现在话语构成、话语实践以及话语秩序等方面。通过解构具体实践中的权责矛盾、范式冲突、职能失调、本体危机等外化困境,窥探档案话语在后保管模式应用中理念转向与实践转向的速率适配性问题,进而提出话语形成的控制原则、话语场域的参与原则以及话语描述的分立原则的柔性策略,为实现档案话语体系的全新构建提供参考路径。 相似文献
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英国话语分析学者诺曼·费尔克拉夫的《话语与社会变迁》中的话语理论影响深远。其理论主要来源之一是法国思想家米歇尔·福柯的“话语理论”,不过费尔克拉夫对福柯的解读与福柯原著存在很大误差。本文采用文本分析方法,从费尔克拉夫和福柯的原文出发来质证该误读。费尔克拉夫认为,福柯话语理论的“话语建构性”“话语实践意义由它与其他话语的关系来界定”“权力的话语本性、话语的政治本性、社会变化的话语本性”等观点“弥补了语言学话语分析的不足”,同时批判福柯“缺乏对语言文本、实践以及抵抗性权力关系关注”。但本文在分析福柯的理论后指出,费尔克拉夫在展示福柯的话语理论时,不但忽略福柯“话语”概念的内涵,而且没能理解福柯权力在主体、社会现实建构中的基础作用以及权力关系的抵抗性特征与存在条件,片面强调话语的作用,把福柯的话语理论化约为“政治话语本体论”,一种“特别话语”的结构主义。尽管如此,费尔克拉夫从福柯处启发的话语理论为话语分析开辟了新的思路。 相似文献
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Fake news has become a prominent topic of public discussion, particularly among elites. Recent research has explored the prevalence of fake news during the 2016 election cycle and possible effects on electoral outcomes. This scholarship has not yet considered how elite discourse surrounding fake news may influence individual perceptions of real news. Through an experiment, this study explores the effects of elite discourse about fake news on the public’s evaluation of news media. Results show that exposure to elite discourse about fake news leads to lower levels of trust in media and less accurate identification of real news. Therefore, frequent discussion of fake news may affect whether individuals trust news media and the standards with which they evaluate it. This discourse may also prompt the dissemination of false information, particularly when fake news is discussed by elites without context and caution. 相似文献
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针对当前我国新闻评论话语空间存在的某些问题进行了分析,并提出了构建和谐的新闻评论话语空间需具备的五种意识。 相似文献
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《Mass Communication and Society》2013,16(3):283-309
This macrolevel study employs a social constructionist approach to analyze AIDS-HIV coverage in the 1990s by 5 transnational wire services: the Associated Press, Agence France-Presse, Reuters, Telegrafnoye Agenstvo Sovetskovo Soyuza, and Inter Press Service. Content was mainly analyzed for prominent themes, news makers, and representations of various world regions. Notions of news framing, characteristics of AIDS-HIV news discourse, and the politics of international news flow provided theoretical guidance. The findings indicate a slight shift away from the biomedical discourse foregrounded in AIDS news in the 1980s. Socioeconomic, public policy, and human-rights themes have gained ground. Prevention and education, and the projection of AIDS-HIV as a globally interrelated phenomenon receive peripheral treatment. Coverage assumes mostly Western cultural perspectives, and the volume of stories has declined through the 1990s. Ideation of AIDS as a moral tale has diminished. Strategies for sociopolitical contestation of mainstream global AIDS news discourse are discussed. 相似文献
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William L. Benoit 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(3):285-306
The candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2004 were united in attacking President George W. Bush. Their continued criticism, combined with news stories about such topics as the failure to find weapons of mass destruction in Iraq and job losses in the United States, steadily eroded the president's image. On February 8, 2004, President Bush appeared on Meet the Press to repair his reputation, exemplifying the problem of how an incumbent president can reply to such attacks while in the midst of a campaign for re-election. This essay applies the theory of image repair to this discourse to critically analyze and evaluate Bush's attempt to repair his image. Bush responded to two key accusations: justification for the war in Iraq and concerns about the economy (including jobs and the deficit). He tried to frame himself as a “war president” (transcendence) who should be evaluated on those grounds but failed to make this the most important problem for most voters. He employed denial, but the support for denials was often weak. He also relied heavily on defeasibility. However, Bush's use of the strategy of defeasibility raises doubts about whether he will be able to solve problems in a second term. Thus, President Bush's image repair effort was largely ineffectual. 相似文献
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“民生档案”作为21世纪出现的新概念,是有具体指向的档案专业术语。文章立足于“民生档案”的话语角度,从“民生档案”的语境分析、“民生档案”的话语建构以及“民生档案”的话语演变三个方面进行了全景式的剖析,目的是建立对“民生档案”概念与社会发展关系的认识基础,同时也为重新认识“民生档案”与档案“泛化”这一现象提供新的视角。 相似文献
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Andrew Tolson 《The Communication Review》2013,16(4):463-480
Some recent assessments of public communication have demonstrated a concern for “authentic” forms of discourse in public life. This article uses a methodology derived from conversation analysis to examine different forms of public discourse in news interviews. Previous studies taking this approach have outlined the protocols for formal news interviews, but this article also looks at some types of “conversational” news interviewing that are increasingly prevalent in contemporary broadcasting. The modes of address (to the overhearing audience) in these types of interview can be usefully compared to the inclusive, sociable address associated with some genres of popular entertainment. It is suggested that the effect of “communality,” constructed by these conversational forms of talk, might be one factor in the development of new forms of participatory “public‐ness,” around some types of news events. 相似文献