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1.
国外档案战略规划的发展现状及特点分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在明确战略规划对档案事业发展重要性的基础上,阐述了主要国际组织及部分国家档案战略规划的发展现状与成就,如国际档案理事会、美国、英国、澳大利亚、加拿大等。从其战略规划文本中挖掘并分析了国外档案战略规划的四个突出特点,为我国档案战略规划的制订与研究提供有益的借鉴。 相似文献
2.
从ESI 高被引作者库中的华人科学家入手,通过网络搜集到其中233名科学家的履历信息,对其进行深度加工。根据科技人才流动的维度定义流动性指数,从而对科技人才的流动情况进行测度。在此基础上,从社会网络分析视角对高层次科技人才的流动网络结构、人才流动的典型模式进行研究,探讨高层次人才流动特征。指出从海外华人高层次科技人才流动的典型模式看,应加强与美国、新加坡、英国、澳大利亚、加拿大的海外人才的合作交流机制的建设,积极利用师生传承、同窗同事、国际会议、来访互访等各种资源和渠道进行更深层次、更大范围的合作与交流。此外,应尽快建设国家层面的高层次人才数据库。 相似文献
3.
This study examines the way in which libraries in Canada approach the issue of the evaluation of international credentials (ICs) held by internationally trained librarians (ITLs) and the eventual short-listing and hiring of such individuals. In the United States and Canada, librarianship, a non-regulated profession, is to a large degree governed by the American Library Association (ALA), but the ALA's statements regarding ICs and ITLs are often ambiguous. It is therefore frequently left to individual libraries to decide how best to deal with ICs and ITLs. Based on a questionnaire sent to managers of large academic and public libraries in Canada, this study concludes that a significant percentage of Canadian libraries, especially academic libraries, are open to hiring ITLs insofar as these libraries and their managers do not consider an ALA-accredited degree to be mandatory for an applicant to be short-listed for a job position. At the same time, these library managers possess very little information about the state of LIS education in countries other than the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand, thus making their decisions about hiring ITLs problematic. Governing bodies of librarianship may wish to consider establishing nation-wide guidelines and/or bridging education programs to facilitate the integration of ITLs with ICs into the North American workforce. 相似文献
4.
This study examines the way in which libraries in Canada approach the issue of the evaluation of international credentials (ICs) held by internationally trained librarians (ITLs) and the eventual short-listing and hiring of such individuals. In the United States and Canada, librarianship, a non-regulated profession, is to a large degree governed by the American Library Association (ALA), but the ALA's statements regarding ICs and ITLs are often ambiguous. It is therefore frequently left to individual libraries to decide how best to deal with ICs and ITLs. Based on a questionnaire sent to managers of large academic and public libraries in Canada, this study concludes that a significant percentage of Canadian libraries, especially academic libraries, are open to hiring ITLs insofar as these libraries and their managers do not consider an ALA-accredited degree to be mandatory for an applicant to be short-listed for a job position. At the same time, these library managers possess very little information about the state of LIS education in countries other than the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand, thus making their decisions about hiring ITLs problematic. Governing bodies of librarianship may wish to consider establishing nation-wide guidelines and/or bridging education programs to facilitate the integration of ITLs with ICs into the North American workforce. 相似文献
5.
国外数字图书馆发展综述 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
本文较详细地介绍美国、英国、澳大利亚、新西兰、新加坡和加拿大等 2 0家国外数字图书馆的情况。主要内容包括 :各图书馆提供的信息种类、内容、投资机构、信息的组织、输出格式、信息的存储与检索、检索方法及访问等。 相似文献
6.
《Journal of Media Economics》2013,26(4):235-251
This article contributes to the understanding of how transnational media corporations enter, operate, and are structured in different national contexts. Specifically, it provides a detailed examination of News Corporation's use of sport as an instrument for successfully penetrating national television markets within the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. The discussion is divided into 3 sections, focused on (a) the cultural and economic rationales underpinning News Corporation's use of sport as a core aspect of transnational television market entry strategies, (b) examples of News Corporation's use of sport programming to enter and manage local media markets, and (c) the changes wrought in News Corporation's organizational structure and focus resulting from its transnational sporting orientation. 相似文献
7.
国际图书馆版权政策及我国新一轮版权法修改建议 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在对美国、加拿大、英国、意大利、日本、新加坡、澳大利亚、新西兰、中国等国家版权法中图书馆条款以及国外图书馆版权解决方案实证调研基础上,归纳了国际上图书馆版权解决方案的主要模式,并对我国新一轮版权法修改提出了若干借鉴意见. 相似文献
8.
基于数字环境下图书馆与档案馆在文化遗产保护与继承、公共信息服务提供、政府信息管理等方面职责的一致性,通过战略规划文本的内容,分析国际组织、美国、英国、加拿大等发达国家图书档案事业的结盟、合作、合并态势,综述评价了国外图书档案战略规划及合作的若干经验。主要包括:公共文化服务机构的共同愿景与职责的定位与认知;应对数字技术与文化变革挑战的强烈的职业使命感;内涵丰富且注重实施绩效的规划体系;作为公共文化服务机构的图书馆与档案馆的实质性结盟与合并。国外图书档案事业结盟与合作的经验可供中国借鉴。参考文献44。 相似文献
9.
Ted Striphas 《Critical Studies in Media Communication》2013,30(3):295-316
This essay explores the cultural politics of television talk-show host Oprah Winfrey's Book Club. Because women constitute both the primary Oprah television audience and the largest United States book buying public, it focuses specifically on women's involvement in the club and their modes of engagement with its selections. The Book Club's astonishing success was attributable in part to the carefully considered communication strategies through which participants, Winfrey, and Oprah producers collectively articulated the value of books and reading specifically for women. Their de-emphasizing of purely literary considerations, I contend, enabled women to strategize how to use Book Club selections simultaneously to distance themselves from and to engage more intensively with the demands of living in a patriarchal and otherwise socioeconomically stratified society – a relationship I call a “dialectic with the everyday.” This essay thus traces the communicative processes/practices through which those involved in Oprah's Book Club articulated a highly sophisticated economy of cultural value around books and reading and the implications of that economy to a possible feminist cultural politics. 相似文献
10.
Abstract This paper examines the research that has been conducted to date on the topic of library support for distance learning programs and identifies some priorities for future research. The two main types of studies prevalent in the literature on this topic are surveys of libraries and user studies. Research findings from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada provide a perspective on the knowledge base in this area and enable some generalizations to be made about service provision and user needs. The results of a recent survey of librarians indicate that the number one research priority in distance learning library services is collaboration with faculty to integrate library and electronic resources into Web-based distance learning courses. 相似文献
11.
《Journal of Radio & Audio Media》2013,20(2):223-239
Across the radio spectrum, there are relatively few stations in the United States that concentrate on community building and sustainability. One of the country's early community radio stations, KBOO-FM in Portland, Oregon, has been on the air since 1968 and has significantly expanded its signal reach and audience during that time. Preceding National Public Radio, KBOO is the outcome of a Portland grassroots activist movement that initially sought to restore classical music on the local airwaves and eventually concurred on a more radical mission to serve the underserved and to cater to communities at the margins in the metropolitan listening area and beyond. KBOO transmits a potpourri of musical and artistic styles, foreign language programs, and critical news, public affairs, and commentaries—all with a largely volunteer-based governance structure. It also devotes its attention to promoting community-based initiatives. This article focuses on four major community functions served by KBOO community radio: public transmission, radio training, political education and mobilization, and community building and outreach. We conclude with observations about the uses and potential of community radio in developing a rich democratic civil society. 相似文献
12.
From the late 1920s, all radio broadcasting in the United Kingdom was undertaken by a public sector broadcaster—the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). Television was also the exclusive preserve of the BBC until the mid-1950s, when advertiser-supported commercial stations came into existence. This form of competition for audiences, but not for finance, between two broadcasting sectors—called by some a 'comfortable duopoly'—persisted until the late 1980s when the government permitted competitive entry by cable and satellite operators, introduced competition for advertising revenue between terrestrial stations, and placed commercial television broadcasting on a more competitive footing by introducing tendering for franchises. As these changes have occurred, the BBC has maintained its traditional system of regulation and has continued to operate under a Royal Charter. Although the expiry of the current Charter at the end of 1996 has provoked a debate about the role of the BBC, the government has stated its intention to renew the Charter for another 10 years. It seems likely that, until the year 2002 at least, the current system of regulating and financing public Service broadcasting in the United Kingdom will remain intact. However, the proliferation of channels represents a threat to the BBC's audience base. There may also be difficulties in combining within the same organization a public service mission and highly commercial activities, undertaken in a very competitive world market. 相似文献
13.
Hilde Van den Bulck 《Media History》2013,19(3):321-344
A television channel's identity is shaped by its output: not just the relative share of different programme genres but equally so the relative position programmes take up in the schedule. This paper refutes the notion that the development of scheduling strategies and tactics – to make the programme schedules as interesting as possible for viewers – are a product of a commercial and competitive television environment. It will be demonstrated that, from its inception, public service television paid considerable attention to the way in which the actual programme schedules could help establish its cultural–educational broadcasting goals. Taking Flemish public service television between 1953 and 1974 as a case in point, the paper analyses how, first, European public service broadcasting (PSB) created its own annual, seasonal, weekly and daily rhythm and, second, how contemporary scheduling strategies and tactics (compatibility, hammocking, etc.) can be identified in the monopolistic past, albeit interpreted along historically dominant PSB policy objectives. 相似文献
14.
在信息时代,数字资源长期保存在法律上的支持直接影响着数字资源可持续发展的政策导向,本文将美国、英国、澳大利亚和荷兰四国作为典范对四国的数字资源长期保存的法律法规进行比较和分析。 相似文献
15.
[目的/意义]国外将信息资源管理作为一门独立学科进行建设的实践较早,对其学科建设实践进行考察,有助于为我国信息资源管理学科建设提供新视野。[方法/过程]采用网络调查法和内容分析法,对29所iCaucus院校的专业设置情况以及英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚以及德国等五个国家的学科目录设置情况进行调查。[结果/结论]发现国外信息资源管理类专业设置具有传统图书情报档案管理专业与新兴专业并存、回应行业发展需求、学科交叉色彩浓厚等特征,并结合我国学科发展的情况提出以下建议：保留图书馆学、情报学与档案学的二级学科地位;结合院校学科优势,建设“行业+信息”模式的新兴二级学科;以开放主动的心态,推动学科交叉融合。 相似文献
16.
Xuan Liang Jiun-Yi Tsai Kristine Mattis Magda Konieczna Sharon Dunwoody 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(2):253-271
This study investigates how prime-time television news portrayed attributions of responsibility for climate change policy issues in the United States, China, and Canada. In analyzing news coverage of the 2009 climate change summit in Copenhagen, we distinguish between causal and treatment responsibility. Additionally, we develop frames to test Cerutti's conceptualization of responsibility attribution (2010). The results suggest that television news in the 3 countries portrayed treatment responsibility differently. The prominence of morality, global justice, and national efficacy frames varied across countries, and these conditions were associated with the treatment responsibility frame, partially lending support to the validity of Cerutti's conceptualization. 相似文献
17.
战略规划具有引领与规范档案事业发展的功能,是档案治理现代化的重要方式。文章从静态视角比较分析中国与美国、俄罗斯、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚国家档案事业战略规划的理念、目标、重点任务、保障措施,发现我国战略规划兼顾传统档案工作模式与新兴业态发展,统领性更强,而其他五国战略主题更为明确,可操作性更强。从动态视角比较分析战略规划的流程、延续与更新,发现六个国家战略规划的制订均遵守科学规范的流程与方法,在坚守和变革中寻求平衡。我国档案事业战略规划需要统筹好环境扫描、规划方法、战略主题、战略目标和规划实施五项核心要素。 相似文献
18.
Paul Lashmar 《Journalism Practice》2017,11(6):665-688
From June 2013, documents leaked by the National Security Agency (NSA) dissident Edward Snowden revealed that Western intelligence agencies are capable of bulk collection of electronic communications flowing through global telecommunication systems. Surveillance data shared by the “Five Eyes” eavesdropping agencies of the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand include journalist’s communications. In the wake of the Snowden leak, Zygmunt Bauman and colleagues called for a systematic assessment of the scale, reach and character of contemporary surveillance practices. This paper explores a specific part of Bauman’s task by assessing the impact of the Snowden revelations on confidential source-based journalism. Interviews were conducted with a range of investigative journalists who have experience of covering national security in Five Eyes countries. All expressed serious concern over the intelligence agencies’ greatly enhanced capability to track journalists and to identify and neutralise their sources. The paper concludes that there is clear evidence of a paradigmatic shift in journalist–source relations as those interviewed regard Five Eyes mass surveillance as a most serious threat to the fourth estate model of journalism as practised in Western democratic countries. 相似文献
19.
Does Hollywood dominate world cinema markets with American taste, culture, and values through the exportation of films produced mainly for its domestic (US and Canada) market? Or does Hollywood supply the films that world audiences demand and, because of the logistics of distribution, screen these films first in the domestic market prior to exhibition in foreign markets? In this article, the authors empirically analyzed the global market for motion pictures to provide statistical evidence that can speak to these questions. They examined data on nearly 2,000 films exhibited from 1997–2007, inclusive, in the United States and Canada, Australia, France, Germany, Mexico, Spain, and the United Kingdom—markets that today collectively account for over 75% of worldwide cinema box-office revenue. The empirical evidence provides support for the hypothesis that the supply of Hollywood films has accommodated global demand as the relative size of the U.S. domestic market has decreased. There is no evidence that box-office success in the United States creates a contagion that spreads to other film exhibition markets; however, box-office success in international markets appears to be less uncertain for films that have been successful in their U.S. releases. 相似文献
20.
A survey of thirty-three museums of various kinds in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States sought to identify the features distinguishing the more effective organizations as assessed by independent experts. Staff at each museum responded to a questionnaire about features common to all organizations as well as some particular to museums. Teamwork, a concern for quality, and an emphasis on public programming are common to effective museums. Executive leadership champions a vision, models appropriate behavior, and works together effectively. Board members use their skills and knowledge to advance the organization's mission. There is a concern for quality, shared goals, good communication, respect for the contribution of others, attention to training, strategic allocation of resources, and an integrated, flexible, and responsive structure. Public programming emphasizes strategic approaches to achieving positive outcomes for visitors, including provision of a variety of learning strategies. 相似文献