共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 765 毫秒
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从文献考据学角度,对“信息”一词源流加以考证,指出并修正当前学术界存在的一些误读、误判。通过探究“信息”一词在我国古典文献中的详细出处,提出 “信息”一词最早辞源出自唐朝崔备的《清溪路中寄诸公》中这一论点。进而对“信息”一词的内涵、发展、演变进行剖析并得出结论：一切事物包括自然界和人类社会都会产生信息,信息不是事物的本身,而是由事物发出的由接收者感知、分析、判断出的消息、情报、数据、指令、信号等当中所包含的内容。 相似文献
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针对国内图书馆图书荐购服务中读者参与度不高的问题,结合集美大学图书馆的图书荐购实践,分析荐购书目、时间成本、读者心理顾虑等导致图书荐购瓶颈的因素,并提出整合荐购书目、节约读者时间、消除读者心理顾虑等突破图书荐购瓶颈的对策。 相似文献
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Nieves González Fernandez-Villavicencio 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(2):124-136
In this article the author presents and explains in detail the elements, including the pros and cons, of two contrasting schools of thought in one of the key debates which the author introduced as a teaching tool at the UNESCO Training-the-Trainers (TTT) Workshop that took place in Granada, Spain, 27–29 October, 2008. That debate, briefly stated, is whether or not Information Literacy (IL) and Media Literacy (ML), to be truly effective, should be pursued as complementary concepts, not in some way opposing concepts. One side in this debate argues that the two concepts have mutually inter-dependent goals, and therefore should be ideally learned and pursued together, and, most effectively, learned and pursued in the context of Social Networking and Web 2.0 tools and applications. The other side of the debate disagrees, and concedes that while the two concepts are indeed inter-related, they should be pursued largely independently, with only an occasional cross-reference. The debate is directly related to the role which Information Literacy and Media Literacy play in helping students become literate in a digital, networking-based society.Without necessarily taking sides in the debate, although expressing a preference for complementarity, the author contends that it is absolutely essential that all persons (not just students) learn to become both Information Literate and Media Literate in this digital world in which we now find ourselves. Additionally, the author contends that Web 2.0 and Social Networking tools, such as Facebook, Tuenti (in Spanish context), MySpace and Twitter, including the rich portfolio of applications they encompass, can substantially assist people in achieving that goal.The author presents a number of case examples to support her thesis, drawn largely from Spanish libraries and Spanish educational institutions that already are using Web 2.0 and Social Networking tools extensively to train people to become digitally competent. The ideas presented in this article, both the theories and best practices, are current insofar as the Spanish context is concerned, but the original arguments and supporting evidence put forth by the author at the aforementioned Granada UNESCO 2008 TTT workshop have been updated because of new developments and ideas that have occurred since the workshop took place. However, the original materials which were presented to and debated by the participants and the expert-presenters, including the author, at the workshop, can be easily accessed at the public domain virtual space of the University of Granada website Universidad de Granada, 2008.Two UNESCO TTT workshops, not just one, were actually organized at Granada. One was a traditional type held on-campus at the Library of Andalusia, and the other was an online, or a virtual workshop. During the on-campus workshop, as well as during the online workshop that preceded it, an interesting discussion took place between and among the participants and the expert-presenters concerning the necessity to redefine IL from its current, largely Web 1.0 focus and orientation, to the newer Web 2.0 focus, with emphasis on Social Networking. This article tries to capture, amplify and hopefully clarify the key points of this debate as it was presented by the author and then debated in the participant discussions which ensued (see http://www.slideshare.net/nievesglez/taller-alfin-unesco-sesion-paralela-alfin-20-presentation). 相似文献
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《资料收集管理》2013,38(1):77-90
Abstract Over the years, the publishing industry has packaged single works of printed resources with accompanying media such as 3.5″ disks, CD-ROMs, videocassettes, audiocassettes, or web sites. Recognizing the importance of the information provided in the accompanying media and the library clients' access to them, the Library of Rush University (LRU) at Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center developed and implemented “mixed media” policies and procedures. This paper discusses issues and Rush Library responses to the issues surrounding the management of “mixed media” titles in selection, cataloging, labeling, housing, circulation, loading data files, and the publicity that puts them in the client's hands. 相似文献
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文章首先对浏览器进行了概述,包括浏览器的构成、目前主流的浏览器及其历史等,提出了浏览器兼容性问题及其重要性.随后,分别使用Internet Explorer、Firefox及Opra这三个浏览器对图书馆学常用的12个围内及国外数据库的浏览器兼容性进行测试,包括CNKI、维普、万方、人大复印资料、超星、方正Apabi及LISTA、ARL、Emerald、Elsevier、Ebrary、JSTOR等.最后对测试结果进行分析并据此提出了一些改进建议. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]代码是研究数据的一种,但不同于文献中用到的研究数据集,文献中涉及的代码的价值还未受到足够的重视,针对代码的相关发布政策和规范也尚未统一和完善。[方法/过程]以计算机科学领域为例,概述代码共享的意义和价值,对相关概念进行辨析并概述本文研究框架,从提交、审核和发布3个环节归纳计算机科学领域权威出版商及旗下期刊和会议对文献代码关联发布的规范政策。从代码发布所依托的预印本、学术合作网络、赛事汇总网站、综合数据存储库及专业代码存储库等不同来源入手,分析文献关联代码的存储状况并进行评价。最后对国内外相关现状进行总结,并对未来文献关联代码发布规范的制定和存储库建设提出建议。[结果/结论]对于文献关联代码资源,目前国际上对文献代码资源的提交、审核和发布等不同环节已经有相当的重视,尤其针对初始的提交环节,多数国际权威出版商都从硬性要求、存储库推荐、代码资源引用等方面进行了规范。在文献代码资源建设上,多数代码资源作为附属研究数据随同文献存储于综合数据存储库、赛事汇总网站等存储库中,以文献代码为中心的专业文献代码存储网站也随着重视程度的增加在逐步建立。国内对文献代码资源的重视程度不足,在文献代码资源的建设上仍处于初期,仅有极少数期刊会对文献代码资源的提交进行规定,在资源存储上也少有尝试。针对目前文献代码资源建设的不足,本文从完善文献代码资源提交至发布全流程规定、统一代码存储库推荐、挖掘文献代码资源更多适用功能和场景等方面提出相关建议。 相似文献
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从个人层次、群体层次和组织层次角度,对目前心理资本理论的研究情况进行介绍及归纳,内容包括：心理资本的内涵、心理资本的测量、心理资本的前因与中介、心理资本的结果、心理资本与结果间的中介或调节变量、心理资本的调节以及图书馆员心理资本相关研究。最后,指出这些研究中存在的问题,并提出心理资本的研究展望及今后图书馆员心理资本研究可关注的方向。 相似文献
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Anjali Sharma 《文物保护研究》2020,65(4):221-237
ABSTRACTComposition, microstructure, and binding media of the decorative earthen plaster fragments from the Buddhist cave temple of Bezeklik (fifth–fourteenth century CE), China, were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, sieve analysis, and other methods. In addition, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used for identification of the organic adhesive found mixed in the earthen plaster. Studies indicated the presence of proteinaceous material, mainly beeswax, with animal glue, pine resin, and plant sterol mixed in the earthen plaster as the biopolymer. The organic additives improved the basic qualities of the mud by acting as stabilizers, hardeners, and water proofers. The loamy sand soil sourced for Bezeklik plasters shows low cohesion and disaggregation of grains occurred for want of clay-sized particles in the plaster. Due to frequent handling and transportation, the fragments are now showing distress in the form of loss of earthen support and paint layers. Based on the analytical findings, traditional binders such as sepiolite clay, slaked lime, and fish glue were introduced and fragments consolidated for display. 相似文献
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我国中小型图书馆危机分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
概述中小型图书馆的定义、特点及存在意义以及中小型图书馆的危机特征,阐述研究意义。重点分析我国中小型图书馆面临的意识危机、管理危机、人才危机、资源危机、经费危机、服务危机、安全与突发事件危机、空间危机和地位危机,建议中小型图书馆应树立危机意识,明确自身定位,建立特色资源,加强人才队伍建设,转型服务模式,实行分馆制。 相似文献
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Mohamed Morsy Hassan 《Journalism Practice》2019,13(4):476-492
Through ethnographic observation and content analysis, this study aims to classify the Al-Jazeera Mubasher (AJM) newsroom according to the Schantin model of newsrooms, describe the network’s convergence level based on the Dailey, Demo, and Spillman Dynamic Scale Model, and present a unique model elucidating how, specifically, convergence works at AJM. Based on the Schantin model of newsrooms, AJM can be classified as a second-generation newsroom, a “cross-media platforms newsroom.” Convergence among the different platforms of AJM is considerable, but still below full convergence level. Accordingly, the AJM newsroom can be classified into the fourth level of the Dailey et al. Dynamic Scale Model — “content sharing.” The unique AJM-specific model presented near the end of this paper depicts the ways in which different AJM platforms function and interact inside the newsroom, explains the degree of convergence between platforms, and classifies the newsroom in terms of its convergence level. 相似文献
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This paper introduces a research agenda to explore the intersection of e-government implementation and the key federal programs – Medicaid, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, a.k.a. food stamps), (SSI), and Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF, a.k.a. welfare) – that provide assistance to low-income citizens in the United States. To lay the groundwork for on-going research, this paper focuses on the implementing statutes that require different levels of automation for delivering these programs to the public. It discusses the programs in terms of their breadth, impacts to recipients, and the effects of automation as implemented for each. It identifies some of the consequences of automation, such as potentially faster service delivery, different approaches to information access, and issues of privacy. It then suggests some points to consider for policymakers and for future research to more deeply understand this unique and little-studied aspect of e-government implementation. By understanding the impacts of implementing statutes on the poor, policymakers can develop a deliberately inclusive strategy that leverages technology to support access to assistance in measurable models that can be implemented at the federal, state, and county levels. This can further democratize the government-to-citizen relationship and support greater accountability to taxpayers. 相似文献
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近年随着地理信息系统的应用,图书馆界积极引入交互地图,为读者提供多样化服务。与单体图书馆相比,城域图书馆的建设与地理位置的关系密切,交互地图的应用空间较大。为发挥交互地图在城域图书馆建设中的作用,文章采用案例分析法和模型构建法,借鉴其他行业经验,构建城域图书馆交互地图平台模型,讨论平台数据采集和处理、数据可视化、交互地图模块构建、城域图书馆交互地图种类及交互操作,探讨城域图书馆交互地图的应用价值,包括提高图书馆布点的合理性、提高资源和服务配置的科学性、促进基于地区的读者研究、提供服务和资源导航、加强对地方文献的揭示、提高图书馆数据的呈现能力等。 相似文献
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XML标记的语义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
尽管 XML 文档类型定义提供了一种机器可读形式的、能够说明 XML 语言语法的机制,但目前并没有类似的机制来指定 XML 词汇表的具体语义。这意味着没办法说明 XML 标记的意义,由 XML 形式呈现的事实和关系无法清晰、全面和规范地定义。这在实践和理论上都引起了严重的后果。从积极的方面看,XML 结构能被赋予任意语义,并可用于最初的设计者无法预见的领域。从不太积极的方面来看,内容开发者和软件工程师必须依靠乏味的文档,或者更糟的情况是,只能依靠猜测标记语言设计者的意图来开展工作。这一过程既费时费力,又易出错,还无法核实验证。即便是设计者当初的建档工作做得相当完美,不如意的情况还是会发生。另外,对标记语义本质研究的匮乏也意味着属于工程应用领域的数字文档处理根本没有什么理论。尽管目前正在进行的一些工程（XML 模式、RDF、语义网）已经取得了一些成绩,但是这些工程都没有直接全面地解决XML 标记语义的核心问题。本文回顾了标记意义这个概念的发展历史,阐明了解释 XML 正式语义的动机,并介绍了一个研究语义的科研项目——BECHAMEL 标记语义计划。 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 在科研过程中,知识流动的内容是多样的,而学科知识流动是其中一个重要的研究方面。从区别于基于引文的学科知识流动分析角度,从科研合作角度出发,期望从合著论文中分析出因科研合作过程而产生的学科知识流动特征。[方法/过程] 基于合著论文的参考文献的学科分布确定此论文的多学科共现属性,并根据此属性构建合著论文的多学科共现网络,即基于合著论文的学科流动网络。通过网络的整体特征和网络的节点特征两个方面对合著论文的学科流动网络进行特征分析。其中,网络整体特征包括学科流动的广泛性、学科流动的有效性、学科流动的新颖度、学科流动的流通度;网络节点(即学科节点)特征包括学科流动的核心性、学科流动的连续性、学科流动的一致性、学科流动的差异性。[结果/结论] 以"药物化学"学科为例,通过前后5年各个指标的数据对比,得出在科研合作中"药物化学"学科与其他学科之间的流动趋势是逐渐增加的,其流动的质量也是不断提升的,学科间的交流在不断地加深。同时,中美日3个国家在此学科的不同时间段均具有各自不同的表现。运用基于合著论文的学科知识流动网络分析方法能够反映科研合作中"药物化学"学科知识流动的情况,但是需要研究论证此方法在其他学科的应用程度。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThis work presents a study of samples of the mural painting The Allegory of the Industrial Development of São Paulo (Alegoria ao Desenvolvimento Industrial Paulista), made in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, by the artist Fulvio Pennacchi. Using transmitted light petrographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and X-ray fluorescence, the stratigraphy, the textures, the mineralogy, and the chemical compositions of the mural were established; therefore the painting techniques, pigments, and materials applied by the artist were identified. The mural was painted with the fresco technique and variations. This technique involves the use of materials of mineral origin, both in the support and for the pigments. About the artist’s relevance, Fulvio Pennacchi is considered an important muralist of his time, being one of the pioneers in the production of frescoes in Brazil. The mural, measuring approximately 11?×?6?m, painted in 1954, was removed from where it was originally made, in consequence of a fire that affected the place. Specialized engineers transported it, and today it is stored awaiting restoration. The data presented here can support the process of restoration of the mural, as well as contribute to the improvement of protocols for the analysis of works of art, and to the historical record of mural painting techniques over time. 相似文献
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馆员合作研究中馆员多样性的考察与分析——基于南京农业大学图书馆的案例分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的/意义]馆员多样性和团队合作是美国ClimateQUALTM组织氛围测评中的两个重要指标,但二者的关系还没有被详尽研究。本文利用近10年南京农业大学图书馆科研合作数据,深度分析馆员合作中所体现的馆员多样性,为进一步了解图书馆组织氛围的相关特征提供依据。[方法/过程]利用馆员及其年龄、职称、学历、学科背景、岗位等馆员属性信息,将这些馆员划分成不同的类别,计算辛普森指数（simpson）和熵值（entropy）,并依此来测度科研合作中的馆员多样性,绘制合作结构图来显示科研合作的状态。[结果/结论]将馆员个体作为多样性计算中的类别,辛普森指数为0.994,熵值为0.6。按馆员年龄、职称、学历、学科背景、岗位等属性划分类别,辛普森指数处于0.82-0.997之间,熵值处于0.59-0.89之间,高辛普森指数和高熵值表明不同层次的馆员都参与了科学合作,但合作不是很集中。对一定合作强度所形成的网络结构的分析也发现,合作还处于相对比较松散的状态,没有形成固定的合作团队。高学历和高职称馆员是图书馆科研产出的重要力量,虽然馆员学科背景广泛,但图情学科背景仍是南京农业大学图书馆科研产出的重要因素。 相似文献
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《二程全书》得名于明代,包括《河南程氏文集》《河南程氏遗书》《河南程氏外书》《河南程氏经说》四部分.但宋元时期《二程全书》所属四书均已编定,且多有汇刻.通过广泛钩稽史料,可知宋元时期《二程全书》至少有宋潭州本、宋建宁小字本、宋三山学官本、宋建宁大字本、宋五羊本、宋舂陵郡库本、宋台州本、元至治谭善心本八种,每种内部所含著... 相似文献