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This study compared the whole-body movement coordination of pitching among 72 baseball players of various ages and velocity levels. Participants were classified as senior, junior, and little according to their age, with each group comprising 24 players. The velocity levels of the high-velocity (the top eight) and low-velocity (the lowest eight) groups were classified according to their pitching velocity. During pitching, the coordinates of 15 markers attached to the major joints of the whole-body movement system were collected for analysis. Sixteen kinematic parameters were calculated to compare the groups and velocity levels. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to quantify the coordination pattern of pitching movement. The results were as follows: (1) five position and two velocity parameters significantly differed among the age groups, and two position and one velocity parameters significantly differed between the high- and low-velocity groups. (2) The coordination patterns of pitching movement could be described using three components, of which the eigenvalues and contents varied according to age and velocity level. In conclusion, the senior and junior players showed greater elbow angular velocity, whereas the little players exhibited a wider shoulder angle only at the beginning of pitching. The players with high velocity exhibited higher trunk and shoulder rotation velocity. The variations among groups found using PCA and kinematics parameter analyses were consistent. 相似文献
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Exploring the Effectiveness and Moderators of Augmented Reality on Science Learning: a Meta-analysis
Xu Wen-Wen Su Chien-Yuan Hu Yue Chen Cheng-Huan 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2022,31(5):621-637
Journal of Science Education and Technology - The use of augmented reality (AR) technology in the science curriculum has the potential to assist students in comprehending abstract and complex... 相似文献
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提出了一种新型宽带功分器,并利用该功分器设计出了超宽带的和差网络。此网络以功分器以及反相巴仑作为基本单元,将2器件通过空气桥背接得到等效的180o耦合器,4个这样的180o耦合器拓扑组合实现了超宽带的和差网络。实验结果表明,该网络性能优良,具有结构紧凑、加工方便和成本低的优点。 相似文献
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Wei-Chun Hsu Li-Wen Tseng Fu-Chun Chen Li-Chu Wang Wen-Wen Yang Yi-Jia Lin Chiang Liu 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2020,9(6):685-691
BackgroundThe few previous studies that focused on the effects of compression garments (CG) on distance running performance have simultaneously measured electromyogram, physiological, and perceptual parameters. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of CG on muscle activation and median frequency during and after distance running, as well as blood-lactate concentration and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during distance running.MethodsEight healthy male recreational runners were recruited to randomly perform two 40 min treadmill running trials, one with CG, and the other with control garment made of normal cloth. The RPE and the surface electromyography (EMG) of 5 lower extremity muscles including gluteus maximus (GM), rectus femoris (RF), semitendinosus (ST), tibialis anterior (TA), and gastrocnemius (GAS) were measured during the running trial. The blood-lactate levels before and after the running trial were measured.ResultsWearing CG led to significant lower muscle activation (p < 0.05) in the GM (decreased 7.40%–14.31%), RF (decreased 4.39%–4.76%), and ST (decreased 3.42%–7.20%) muscles; moreover, significant higher median frequency (p < 0.05) in the GM (increased 5.57%) and ST (increased 10.58%) muscles. Wearing CG did not alter the RPE values or the blood-lactate levels (p > 0.05).ConclusionWearing CG was associated with significantly lower muscle activation and higher median frequency in the running-related key muscles during distance running. This finding suggested that wearing CG may improve muscle function, which might enhance running performance and prevent muscle fatigue. 相似文献
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一种小型超宽带平面和差网络 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
提出了一种新型宽带功分器,并利用该功分器设计出了超宽带的和差网络。此网络以功分器以及反相巴仑作为基本单元,将2器件通过空气桥背接得到等效的180o耦合器,4个这样的180o耦合器拓扑组合实现了超宽带的和差网络。实验结果表明,该网络性能优良,具有结构紧凑、加工方便和成本低的优点。 相似文献
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