Skiing accidents in the past 15 years     

P Matter  W J Ziegler  P Holzach 《Journal of sports sciences》1987,5(3):319-326

For the last 15 years a statistical analysis of distances skied and of alpine skiing accidents has been performed in the Davos-Klosters skiing area, a 'closed' skiing area, where every skier has to return from the top to the bottom station. Distance skied is measured by vertical drop in 10(6) km determined by calculations from frequency surveys by lift-operators. About 2.5 million km per season have been skied during the past years, a number remaining constant for the last 15 years. In the same time the requirement for rescue-transports in this area has shown a decline of 46% to 288 transports per season due to a decrease of the number of injuries with initial immobilization. Therefore the so-called transport-quotient (one rescue-transport per 10(4) km of vertical drop skied) has decreased from its initial value of 4 to 1 per 10(4) km. During the same time all winter sport injuries were analysed at the hospital of Davos. About 90% are injuries caused by alpine skiing resulting in a total of 17,246 alpine skiing injuries for the last 15 years. There is a great decline in the incidence of lower leg fractures with a contrary development of knee injuries. Today half of the lower leg injuries are knee injuries (280 knee injuries out of a total of 1250 alpine skiing accidents per season). There is a gradual increase of upper extremity injuries from 17% of all skiing injuries in 1972 to 35% in 1976. A Swiss multicentre study on skiing safety shows comparable injury patterns in other skiing areas. The average injury-severity measured by several parameters is declining.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Accountability in an Information Age: Opportunities and Risks for Records Management     

Albert Meijer 《Archival Science》1987,1(4):361-372

Electronic records of government organizations are becoming increasingly important for accountability. Managing electronic records, however, proves to be difficult since information and communication technologies confront organizations with various opportunities and risks. In this paper the findings of an international expert survey on electronic records management are presented. These findings identify opportunities and risks for e-mail systems, database management systems, office systems, web technology systems and smart systems. They also point to five crucial questions that must be addressed in order to guarantee the availability of electronic records for accountability.This revised version was published online in October 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Now available the New Edition of English Through Experience     

Albert Rowe  Peter Emmens 《English in Education》1975,9(2):45-64

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Science on the Periphery. The spanish Reception of Nuclear Energy: an Attempt at Modernity?     

Albert?Presas?I?PuigEmail author 《Minerva》2005,43(2):197-218

During the Cold War, Franco’s dictatorship attempted to use technological transfer and nuclear technology to strengthen the geopolitical influence of his Government in Spain. This paper studies this process, with particular reference to the role played by German scientists as advisers to the Spanish nuclear project.  相似文献   

Informatik-Patente     

Albert Endres 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》2005,7(1):176-178

Informatik-Patente

Informatik-Patente  相似文献   

Russian-language courses in American Grade Schools     

Albert Parry 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1959,5(4):505-507

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Does presentation method influence film learning?     

Philip C. Minier  Fritz A. Albert  Richard D. Powers 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1961,9(4):195-200

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THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE LABEL ORTHODOX TO THE ACCEPTANCE OF JEWISH RELIGIOUS CONCEPTS     

Chaim Rozwaski  Albert R. Marston 《Journal of Jewish Education》2013,79(4):226-230

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The roles of teacher efficacy in instructional innovation: its predictive relations to constructivist and didactic instruction     

Youyan Nie  Gim Hoon Tan  Albert Kienfie Liau  Shun Lau  Bee Leng Chua 《Educational Research for Policy and Practice》2013,12(1):67-77

Constructivist instruction has been implemented in the current instructional innovation in Singapore. Large scale survey study was conducted to examine the roles of teacher efficacy in implementing the innovative constructivist instruction. The results showed that the positive correlation between teacher efficacy and constructivist instruction was stronger than the correlation between teacher efficacy and didactic instruction. The study suggests that policy makers and school leaders should try to improve teacher’s efficacy beliefs so that innovative instruction could be effectively implemented by school teachers.  相似文献   

Measurement Bias Detection Through Factor Analysis     

Willem E. Saris  Albert Satorra  William M. van der Veld 《Structural equation modeling》2013,20(4):561-582

Assessing the correctness of a structural equation model is essential to avoid drawing incorrect conclusions from empirical research. In the past, the chi-square test was recommended for assessing the correctness of the model but this test has been criticized because of its sensitivity to sample size. As a reaction, an abundance of fit indexes have been developed. The result of these developments is that structural equation modeling packages are now producing a large list of fit measures. One would think that this progression has led to a clear understanding of evaluating models with respect to model misspecifications. In this article we question the validity of approaches for model evaluation based on overall goodness-of-fit indexes. The argument against such usage is that they do not provide an adequate indication of the “size” of the model's misspecification. That is, they vary dramatically with the values of incidental parameters that are unrelated with the misspecification in the model. This is illustrated using simple but fundamental models. As an alternative method of model evaluation, we suggest using the expected parameter change in combination with the modification index (MI) and the power of the MI test.  相似文献