Meta-analysis: a tool for medical and scientific discoveries.     

C L Schell  R J Rathe 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1992,80(3):219-222

Medicine has made increasing use of meta-analysis, largely as a quantitative procedure for combining results of clinical trials. Meta-analysis begins with a comprehensive review of the literature. The next step is a systematic analysis of the quality and content of each study. Finally, results are combined statistically and conclusions are drawn from this new overview of the data. This paper presents a brief historical perspective on the use of meta-analysis in medicine with emphasis on the medical library. The authors conclude that in the future, medical librarians will play a significant role in the application of this useful technique.  相似文献   

Pre-season physiological characteristics of English first and second division soccer players.     

J A Davis  J Brewer  D Atkin 《Journal of sports sciences》1992,10(6):541-547

This investigation was undertaken in an effort to establish physiological characteristics of soccer players and to relate them to positional roles. A total of 135 footballers (age 24.4 +/- 4.6 years) were assessed for body mass, % body fat, haemoglobin, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), leg power, anaerobic capacity and speed prior to an English league season. The sample included 13 goalkeepers, 22 full-backs, 24 centre-backs, 35 midfield players and 41 forwards. The goalkeepers were significantly heavier (86.1 +/- 5.5 kg; P < 0.01) than all groups except the centre-backs, had significantly higher estimated body fat percentages than centre-backs, forwards, midfield players (P < 0.01) or full-backs (P < 0.05), significantly lower estimated VO2 max values (56.4 +/- 3.9 ml kg-1 min-1; P < 0.01) and were slowest over 60 m (12.71 +/- 0.42 s). The midfield players had the highest predicted VO2 max values (61.4 +/- 3.4 ml kg-1 min-1), this being significantly greater (P < 0.05) than for the centre-backs. The forwards were the fastest group over 60 m (12.19 +/- 0.30 s), being significantly quicker than goalkeepers or centre-backs (P < 0.01) and full-backs (P < 0.05). Anaerobic power, as well as knee extensor torques (corrected for body mass) and extensor-flexor ratios, were similar between groups. No difference in estimated body fat percentage was observed between any of the outfield players, and haemoglobin concentrations were similar among players of all positions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

活血皇浆对田径运动员血液动力流变学和血液有形成分参数的影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

廖冠群  雷芗生  廖菲菲  陈秋月  丘小龙  张守元  叶槐菁  郑永忠  江国平  王海洲  汤丽清 《中国体育科技》2002,38(4):39-41

根据中医内科辩证和因时制宜原则 ,对校田径代表队在夏季比赛期间服用活血皇浆前后进行血液动力流变学和血液有形成分参数的比较观察结果表明 ,运动员服液后在脉率 (PR)、每搏量 (SV)、心输出量 (CO)、左心有效泵力 (VPE)和左心能量有效利用率 (EWK )改善的同时 ,出现心肌耗氧量 (HOV)、心肌耗氧指数 (HOI)、心肌血液需要量 (CMBN)、心肌血液灌注量(CMBV)和总周阻 (TPR)、标准周阻 (SPR)、收缩压 (SP)舒张压 (DP)等参数下降 ,呈现机能和能量节省化 ,而血液状态则表现为血容量 (BV)增多 ,全血粘度 (η)和还原血粘度 (ηr)下降 ,切变应力增高 ,血流速度加快 ,有利于维持微循环正常功能。血液有形成分的改变提示 ,血红蛋白 (Hb)红细胞比积 (HCT)和血小板 (PL T)有增高趋势 ;平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度 (MCHC)下降 ,则有可能与 BV相对增多 ,红细胞 (RBC)体积增大有关  相似文献   

John Marshall and the Humanities in Europe: Shifting Patterns of Rockefeller Foundation Support     

Buxton  William J. 《Minerva》2003,41(2):133-153

John Marshall is best remembered asthe first resident director of the RockefellerFoundation's Study and Conference Center atBellagio. Yet, his influence on knowledge,thought, and practice rivalled that of any ofhis contemporaries at the Rockefeller. Thispaper describes how he `went about hisbusiness' as a Foundation officer, and examineshis contribution to the creation of atransatlantic community of like-mindedtheorists and practitioners of communications.  相似文献   

Silverman's RT-PE review: too simple a summary of a complex field.     

P Dodds  J H Placek 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1991,62(4):365-368

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Editorial     

Günther Schulze  J. Mark Schuster 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2003,27(2):79-79

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A Case Presentation Approach to Group Supervision for Community College Counselors     

GARRETT J. McAULIFFE 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1992,31(3):163-174

A case presentation method of group supervision, as practiced at a community college, is described. Developmental principles underlying this approach are presented.  相似文献   

Berkeley: An Introduction By JONATHAN DANCY Basil Blackwell, 1987. 165 pp. £17.50 cloth, £5.95 paper     

PAUL J. BAGLEY 《Philosophical Books》1988,29(2):85-86

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Longitudinal change in throwing performance: gender differences     

K R Nelson  J R Thomas  J K Nelson 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1991,62(1):105-108

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Wood-working machinery     

J. Richard 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1870,90(2):89-96

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