Home Visiting Among Inner-City Families: Links to Early Academic Achievement     

Angela Nievar  Amber L. Brown  Laura Nathans  Qi Chen  Veronica Martinez-Cantu 《Early education and development》2018,29(8):1115-1128

This study examines the long-term effects of a home visiting program, Home Instruction for Parents of Preschool Youngsters, on students from mostly low-income, Latino families (n = 254). Children who were in the home visiting program during their early years were compared with a similar demographic group who participated in prekindergarten in the same inner-city area but did not participate in home visiting. Data linked participation in home visiting to state test scores and other information from public schools through the end of elementary school. Research Findings: Secondary data analyses tested for intervention effects on reading and math achievement in an urban school district using 4 waves of data covering kindergarten through 5th grade. Growth curve modeling showed that participation in home visiting predicted higher academic achievement through the 5th grade. Practice or Policy: Parent-focused intervention during early childhood appears to have a lasting impact on children’s achievement. In addition to parent engagement, quality school curriculum and quality instruction affect achievement in elementary school. A comprehensive curriculum focus throughout the early school years should be implemented regardless of preparation for high-stakes testing.  相似文献   

The CCM Model: A Management Approach to Performance Optimization     

Gary D. Geroy  Amber Bray  Donald L. Venneberg 《Performance Improvement Quarterly》2005,18(2):19-36

ABSTRACT Three leadership styles are frequently discussed in the literature today: transactional, transformational, and most recently—transcendental. Managers may be able to put transactional, transformational, and transcendental leadership style theories into practice without inventing a new set of processes and procedures to achieve individual follower optimal performance and effect positive change and optimal individual performance within an organization. The management activities of coaching, counseling, and mentoring are articulating activities for transactional, transformational, and/or transcendental leadership styles.  相似文献   

Comparison of the reliability and validity of scores from two concept‐mapping techniques*     

Maria Araceli Ruiz‐Primo  Susan E. Schultz  Min Li  Richard J. Shavelson 《科学教学研究杂志》2001,38(2):260-278

This paper reports the results of a study that compared two concept‐mapping techniques, one high‐directed, “fill‐in‐the‐map,” and one low‐directed, “construct‐a‐map‐from‐scratch.” We examined whether: (1) skeleton map scores were sensitive to the sample of nodes or linking lines to be filled in; (2) the two types of skeleton maps were equivalent; and (3) the two mapping techniques provided similar information about students' connected understanding. Results indicated that fill‐in‐the‐map scores were not sensitive to the sample of concepts or linking lines to be filled in. Nevertheless, the fill‐in‐the‐nodes and fill‐in‐the‐lines techniques were not equivalent forms of fill‐in‐the‐map. Finally, high‐directed and low‐directed maps led to different interpretations about students' knowledge structure. Whereas scores obtained under the high‐directed technique indicated that students' performance was close to the maximum possible, the scores obtained with the low‐directed technique revealed that students' knowledge was incomplete compared to a criterion map. We concluded that the construct‐a‐map technique better reflected differences among students' knowledge structure. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 38: 260–278, 2001  相似文献   

Resisting Assimilation: Deliberate Acculturation by the American English Language Learner     

Lyndsie Schultz 《Multicultural Perspectives》2016,18(2):103-107

Education policy has historically been viewed as having an influential part in crafting the roles of immigrants in American society. However, while policy makers continue to push their own agendas on English language learners (ELLs), ELLs continue to push back to create their own sense of what it means be an American. This article analyzes how formal and informal language policies have historically driven the instruction of ELLs and argues that despite attempts to enculturate and/or assimilate ELLs into American schools through strict English instruction, students employ a variety of cultural resources to act agentically in their acculturation.  相似文献   

Strengths and Weaknesses of Non-enhanced and Contrast-enhanced Cadaver Computed Tomography Scans in the Teaching of Gross Anatomy in an Integrated Curriculum     

Daniel Paech  Kerstin Klopries  Ralph Nawrotzki  Heinz-Peter Schlemmer  Frederik L. Giesel  Joachim Kirsch  Jobst-Hendrik Schultz  Thomas Kuner  Sara Doll 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(1):143-154

Cadaver-specific postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) has become an integral part in anatomy teaching at several universities. Recently, the feasibility of contrast-enhanced (CE)-PMCT has been demonstrated. The purpose of this study was to identify particular strengths and weaknesses of both non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced PMCT compared to conventional cadaver dissection. First, the students’ perception of the learning effectiveness of the three different modalities have been assessed using a 34-item survey (five-point Likert scale) covering all anatomy course modules. Results were compared using the nonparametric Friedman Test. Second, the most frequent artifacts in cadaver CT scans, were systematically analyzed in 122 PMCT and 31 CE-PMCT data sets to quantify method-related limitations and characteristics. Perfusion quality was assessed in 57 vascular segments (38 arterial and 19 venous). The survey was answered by n = 257/320 (80.3%) students. Increased learning benefits of PMCT/ CE-PMCT compared to cadaver dissection were found in osteology (2/3 categories, P < 0.001), head and neck (2/5 categories, P < 0.01), and brain anatomy (3/3 categories, P < 0.01). Contrast-enhanced-PMCT was perceived particularly useful in learning vascular anatomy (10/10 categories, P < 0.01). Cadaver dissection received significantly higher scores compared to PMCT and CE-PMCT in all categories of the abdomen and thorax (7/7 categories, P < 0.001), as well as the majority of muscular anatomy (5/6 categories, P < 0.001). Frequent postmortem artifacts (total n = 28, native-phase n = 21, contrast injection-related n = 7) were identified and assessed. The results of this work contribute to the understanding of the value of integrating cadaver-specific PMCT in anatomy teaching.  相似文献