La dificultad de enseñar el razonamiento proporcional     

Antonio Corral 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(35-36):47-58

Resumen

En este artículo se da cuenta de un experimento en el que se enseñó a sujetos cuya edad oscilaba entre los catorce y los diecisiete años a resolver tareas lógico-formales de carácter proporcional (balanza y comparación de proporciones) vinculadas al grupo INRC. Se trataba de ver: 1° Si se produce el aprendizaje deseado y 2° si el sujeto transfiere lo aprendido a otras tareas vinculadas a la misma estructura formal (grupo INRC) y a otras distintas (retículo).

Los resultados muestran un moderado éxito, según el tratamiento dado, en el aprendizaje de la tarea enseñada, y, una escasa o nula transferencia a tareas de similar estructura lógico-formal a las utilizadas en el aprendizaje.  相似文献   

Los libros del año 1992     

Antonio Guerrero  Lourdes Montero  Amelia Alvarez  José A. León  Nuria Carriedo  Pablo del Río 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(61):125-144

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Evaluation of retirement planning programs: A qualitative analysis of methodologies and efficacy     

Cristineide Leandro-França  Sheila Giardini Murta  Douglas A. Hershey  Leonardo Barbosa Martins 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(7):497-512

ABSTRACT

The objective of this integrative literature review was to evaluate the quality of retirement planning programs described in the extant literature. This was accomplished through a qualitative analysis of methodological and efficacy criteria as described by Flay et al. (2005), Kazdin (2010, 2011 and Murta (2005). Several databases were consulted in searching for retirement program articles including: Academic Search Premier, Medline, PsycInfo, and Web of Science, among others. Retirement planning intervention articles published in English, Portuguese, and Spanish were considered, with a focus on their evaluation methods and results. Eleven studies were identified that described the procedures for both program implementation and intervention evaluation. Results revealed methodological shortcomings in the papers reviewed, with concerns being related to a lack of experimental or quasiexperimental approaches, a failure to use previously validated measurement instruments and longitudinal assessments, and insufficiently robust data analysis procedures. That said, however, there was evidence from multiple investigations that the intervention programs examined led to increases in knowledge, positive changes in attitudes linked to retirement, and an increase in retirement-linked planning and preparation behaviors. Identification of strengths and weaknesses in the methods used and efficacy of these interventions could facilitate the construction of a research agenda aimed at promoting more favorable research designs. Use of more rigorous designs would stand to improve the internal validity of these retirement programs and, consequently, progress in this field.  相似文献   

Coherence estimate between a random and a periodic signal: Bias, variance, analytical critical values, and normalizing transforms     

Antonio Mauricio F.L. Miranda de S  Danton D. Ferreira  Edson W. Dias  Eduardo M.A.M. Mendes  Leonardo B. Felix 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2009,346(9):841-853

The present work deals with recent results on the sampling distribution of the magnitude-squared coherence (also called just coherence) estimate between a random (Gaussian) and a periodic signal, in order to obtain analytical critical values, alternative expressions for the probability density function (PDF) as well as the variance and bias of the estimate. A comparison with the more general case of coherence estimation when both signals are Gaussian was also provided. The results indicate that the smaller the true coherence (TC) values the closer both distributions become. The behaviour of variance and bias as a function of the number of data segments and the TC is similar for both coherence estimates. Additionally, the effect of a normalizing function (Fisher's z transform) in the coherence estimated between a random and a periodic signal was also evaluated and normality has been nearly achieved. However, the variance was less equalized in comparison with coherence estimate between two Gaussian signals.  相似文献   

Effects of plyometric jump training in female soccer player’s vertical jump height: A systematic review with meta-analysis     

Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo  Javier Sanchez-Sanchez  Blanca Romero-Moraleda  Javier Yanci  Antonio García-Hermoso  Filipe Manuel Clemente 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(13):1475-1487

ABSTRACT

To assess the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) in female soccer player’s vertical jump height, a review was conducted using the data sources PubMed, MEDLINE, Web Of Science and SCOPUS. Only peer-review articles were included. To qualify for inclusion in the meta-analysis, studies must have included (i) a PJT programme of at least 2 weeks, (ii) cohorts of healthy female soccer players with no restriction for age, (iii) a control group, (iv) a measure of countermovement jump (CMJ). The inverse variance random-effects model for meta-analyses was used. From 7,136 records initially identified through database searching, 8 were eligible for meta-analysis, comprising 9 training groups (n = 99) and 9 control groups (n = 94). The magnitude of the main effect was moderate (ES = 1.01 [95%CI = 0.36–1.66], Z = 3.04, p = 0.002). Sub-group analyses were performed (i.e., PJT frequency, duration and total number of sessions), revealing no significant subgroup differences (p = 0.34–0.96). Among the studies included in this review, none reported injury or other adverse effects. In conclusion, PJT is effective in female soccer players for the improvement of vertical jump height. In future, research must identify specific dose–response relationships following PJT, particularly in the long term.  相似文献   

A question without answers?     

Antonio Lazcano 《Metascience》2014,23(2):301-304

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Correction to: A probabilistic approach to student workload: empirical distributions and ECTS     

Antonio Souto-Iglesias  María Teresa Baeza_Romero 《Higher Education》2018,76(6):1027-1027

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Teachers in retreat: The teacher as a dialogical self and the risks of an excessive formalization of its role     

Anna Llongueras-Aparicio  Juan Antonio Casas-Pardo 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2019,51(10):1042-1050

The aim of this paper is to explore the identity of the teacher as a dialectical being that is in permanent construction, to identify some obstacles teachers might find in this process while operating in an institutional framework, and the effects these could have upon the teacher and the goals she pursues with her students. By ruling out the idea of identity as an autonomous self that can be constructed with no ties with its context, we propose that identity is dialogical and is built through the relationships we establish with others. This fact situates the relationship between the student and the teacher at the center of pedagogical practices and allows us to establish the ideas of teacher presence and integrity as central elements for the moral development of students. In this context, we identify the excessive institutionalization of the role of the teacher as a cause for the reduction of identity and a defensive retreat to the possible outcomes of being judged by strictly formal criteria, which in turn can hinder the relation between student and teacher and risks possible negative consequences in the moral growth of both.  相似文献   

REEARCH REPORT     

Antonio J. Hidalgo  I.E.S. San Fernando  I.C.E. José Otero 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(7):845-857

This paper addresses the concept of geological time as used by students who face tasks that demand three types of skills: to locate events in time, to order them according to time calendar, and to manage time intervals. The empirical study consisted of asking high school students as well as technical school students to carry out tasks that required the use of the three previously mentioned components. It was found, first, that students frequently used erroneous temporal labels, which shows a lack of knowledge that would allow them to locate events within the context of geobiologic data. Second, the students did not store the representation of a succession of events, but were nevertheless able to create it by means of the deductive use of previous knowledge. Finally, the importance of having an appropriate representation of geological time intervals became patent while observing the students' difficulties in understanding geologic changes.  相似文献   

How does mental fatigue affect soccer performance during small-sided games? A cognitive,tactical and physical approach     

Caito André Kunrath  Fábio Yuzo Nakamura  André Roca  Antonio Tessitore  Israel Teoldo Da Costa 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(15):1818-1828

ABSTRACT