PISA and scientific literacy: similarities and differences between the nordic countries     

Marit Kjærnsli  Svein Lie 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(3):271-286

In this paper we have set out to search for similarities and differences between the Nordic countries concerning patterns of competencies defined as scientific literacy in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) study. The first part focuses on gender differences concerning the two types of competencies, understanding of scientific concepts versus skills in scientific reasoning, based on analyses of sum scores of groups of items. The second part focuses on differences and similarities between countries based on item‐by‐item analyses. Correlations between each Nordic country (as well as the Nordic group as a whole) and every other country have been used to look for a Nordic pattern. In the last part cluster analysis has been used to see how countries establish clusters and whether these clusters represent meaningful groups in a geographical, cultural or political context.  相似文献   

A Longitudinal Study of the Social Adjustment of Mentally Retarded Adults in Sweden. A Discussion of Methodological Problems and Preliminary Results     

Rikard Palmér 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(4):197-209

Palmér, R. 1982. A Longitudinal Study of the Social Adjustment of Mentally Retarded Adults in Sweden. A Discussion of Methodological Problems and Preliminary Results. Scandinavian Journal of Research 26, 197‐209. In connection with an interdisciplinary research project, 1966‐1971, a differential psychological survey of about one hundred mentally retarded young people in the 18‐25 age‐group was carried out. About ten years later a follow‐up investigation began. Initially the central concern was to clarify the meaning of social adjustment in middle age. Essential components of this variable include objectively observable facts such as work and living situation, but also adaptive behaviour and the individual's perception of himself and his situation. Methodological problems are examined in broader theoretical perspective. One conclusion is that we should seek access to individual perceptions and experiences ‐ of which handicap awareness is a vital component ‐ via relatively unstructured conversations and interviews. This part of the study can then be developed into a consciously hermeneutic approach. Preliminary results of analysis are discussed.  相似文献   

Editorial     

Jérôme Rossier 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2013,13(1):1-3

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A reinterpretation of institutional transformations in European higher education: strategising pluralistic organisations in multiplex environments   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nicoline Frølich  Jeroen Huisman  Stig Slipersæter  Bjørn Stensaker  Paulo Charles Pimentel Bótas 《Higher Education》2013,65(1):79-93

The paper draws on institutional theory with special attention to recent contributions that aim at developing its micro-foundations. We address the question of how individual higher education institutions deal with institutional pluralism. We develop an analytical framework inspired by institutional theory, the sensemaking perspective in organisation theory and strategy-as-practice to connect the macro-transformation processes of the organisational field and the micro-processes of organisational strategising.  相似文献   

Students and school characteristics related to elementary school students' views of the nature of science     

Esme Hacıeminoğlu  Hamide Ertepınar  Özgul Yılmaz-Tüzün  Hasan Çakır 《Education 3-13》2013,41(6):700-721

The purpose of this study is to investigate student- and school-level factors that help to explain the difference in the nature of science (NOS) views. Overall, the design of this study is correlational. The sample consisted of 3062 students enrolled in the sixth, seventh, and eighth grades of elementary schools in Turkey. A hierarchical linear modelling was selected as a modelling technique. This study has established the importance of the student's socioeconomic background, learning approaches undertaken, self-efficacy, and motivational goals in the formation of their NOS views. The findings reveal that quality of both the physical infrastructure of schools and the educational resources in schools, parent educational levels, student achievement, self-efficacy, experience of meaningful learning, and learning goal orientation are positively related to different dimensions of student NOS views. Additionally, performance goal orientation and rote learning approaches have a negative relationship with different dimensions of student NOS views.  相似文献   

Symptoms of common mental disorders and related stressors in Danish professional football and handball     

Özgür Kilic  Haruhito Aoki  Rasmus Haagensen  Claus Jensen  Urban Johnson  Gino M. M. J. Kerkhoffs 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(10):1328-1334

The aim of the study was twofold, namely (i) to determine the prevalence of symptoms of common mental disorders (CMDs) among current and retired professional football and handball players and (ii) to explore the relationship of psychosocial stressors with the outcome measures under study. A total of 1155 players were enrolled in an observational study based on a cross-sectional design. Questionnaires based on validated scales were set up and distributed among current and retired professional football and handball players by the Danish football and handball players’ union. In professional football, the highest prevalence (4 weeks) of symptoms of CMDs was 18% and 19% for anxiety/depression among current and retired players, respectively. In professional handball, the highest prevalence (4 weeks) of symptoms of CMDs was 26% and 16% for anxiety/depression among current and retired players, respectively. For both the current and retired professional football and handball players, a higher number of severe injuries and recent adverse life events (LE) were related to the presence of symptoms of CMD. Players exposed to severe injuries and/or recent adverse LE were 20–50% times more likely to report symptoms of CMD. The results suggest that it is possible to recognize the population of professional athletes that are more likely to develop symptoms of CMD. This could create the opportunity to intervene preventively on athletes that suffered from severe injury and/or recent adverse LE that could lead to a faster and safer recovery and psychological readiness to return to play.  相似文献   

Chinese Cultural Ministry Hosts Mid-autumn Reception     

Zi Yue’r 《中外文化交流(英文版)》2012,(11):23-25

正On the evening of September 21, 2012, a new moon hangs over the newly lit streetlights. The Mid-Autumn reception for the year of the Dragon was held by Chinese...  相似文献   

“None of the Kings on Earth is Their Equal in ʿaṣabiyya”: The Mongols in Ibn Khaldūn's Works     

Josephine van den Bent 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2016,28(2):171-186

The rise of the Mongol empire was a shock to the Arab world and led many Arab authors to describe these conquerors in decidedly negative terms. The great historian Ibn Khaldūn also discusses the Mongols' rise and their conquests. As a nomadic people they challenged and defeated sedentary populations and founded their own dynasties. Consequently, the Mongol conquests perfectly fit Ibn Khaldūn's theories on ?a?abiyya – which is superior in nomadic groups – and the rise and fall of dynasties. For the Maghrebi historian, the rise of the Mongols was a natural step in the course of history. This consequently colours his view of the Mongols and affects the way he portrays them, especially regarding the themes of violence and religion – recurring themes in many contemporary works dealing with the Mongols – and in his depiction of the Turco-Mongolian conqueror Timur, who is presented in a more favourable light by Ibn Khaldūn than he is in many contemporary works.  相似文献   

Hydraulics.—General sketch of a theory of the contraction of veins in water discharged from orifices in thin plane walls     

M. Bæyer 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1844,37(5):324-326

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Comparing Numerical Methods to Estimate Vertical Jump Height Using a Force Platform     

Loren Z. F. Chiu  Torstein E. Dæhlin 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2020,24(1):25-32

ABSTRACT

Males (n = 29) and females (n = 34) performed vertical jumps. Jump height was estimated from force platform data using five numerical methods and compared using intraclass correlation (ρ), and linear and rank regression standard error of estimate (SEE). Take-off velocity plus center of mass height at take-off and mechanical work methods were identical (ρ = 1.000) with small linear (SEE < 0.0001 cm) and rank order (SEE = 0) error. Integrating acceleration to displacement was nearly identical (ρ > 0.999), with small linear (SEE = 0.1 cm) and rank order (SEE < 1) errors compared to the above methods. Take-off velocity (ρ = 0.517) and flight time (ρ = 0.573) estimates were less than all other methods and had large linear (SEE ≥ 2.1 cm) and rank order (SEE > 4) errors. Take-off velocity and flight time methods should be avoided due to systematic and random error.  相似文献