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61.
Kyoung-Sae Na Soyoung Irene Lee Hyun Ju Hong Myoung-Ja Oh Geon Ho Bahn Kyunghee Ha Yun Mi Shin Jungeun Song Eun Jin Park Heejung Yoo Hyunsoo Kim Yun-Mi Kyung 《Child abuse & neglect》2014
In the last few decades, changing socioeconomic and family structures have increasingly left children alone without adult supervision. Carefully prepared and limited periods of unsupervised time are not harmful for children. However, long unsupervised periods have harmful effects, particularly for those children at high risk for inattention and problem behaviors. In this study, we examined the influence of unsupervised time on behavior problems by studying a sample of elementary school children at high risk for inattention and problem behaviors. The study analyzed data from the Children's Mental Health Promotion Project, which was conducted in collaboration with education, government, and mental health professionals. The child behavior checklist (CBCL) was administered to assess problem behaviors among first- and fourth-grade children. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of unsupervised time on children's behavior. A total of 3,270 elementary school children (1,340 first-graders and 1,930 fourth-graders) were available for this study; 1,876 of the 3,270 children (57.4%) reportedly spent a significant amount of time unsupervised during the day. Unsupervised time that exceeded more than 2 h per day increased the risk of delinquency, aggressive behaviors, and somatic complaints, as well as externalizing and internalizing problems. Carefully planned afterschool programming and care should be provided to children at high risk for inattention and problem behaviors. Also, a more comprehensive approach is needed to identify the possible mechanisms by which unsupervised time aggravates behavior problems in children predisposed for these behaviors. 相似文献
62.
David C. Oh 《The Communication Review》2013,16(4):230-250
Research on second-generation diasporic reception practices is rare, and it is the goal of this article to continue the nascent inquiry on multiple-generation diasporic audiences. The complicated ways in which diasporic identity is negotiated allows for greater understanding of the border zones that multiple-generation diasporas inhabit. Fully acculturated but not fully included, second-generation diasporas infuse their identities with meanings drawn in part through reception of transnational popular media and the development of fan communities. For Korean Americans, it is a way of identifying with a transnational home identity that allows for counterhegemonic identification. Boundaries of fan communities, however, exclude as well as include. Intraethnic taste hierarchies define what counts as authentically ethnic and who counts as sufficiently Korean. 相似文献
63.
Photo-crosslinkable gelatin methacrylate (GelMa) microspheres are applicable to deliver cells or drugs in biological or biomedical applications. To fabricate GelMa microdroplets, a flow focusing technique with advantages of size control and rapid production was used in a T-junction microfluidic device. Instability played an important role in promoting microdroplet uniformity. 5 wt. % GelMa prepolymer solution mixed with cells affected cell-induced instability. At low flow rate ratio of GelMa to mineral oil below 0.200, stability was maintained regardless of GelMa concentration (5 and 8 wt. %) and cell presence, which led to uniform microdroplet generation. In contrast, instability at high flow rate ratio above 0.200 was worsened by cell presence and unstable jetting length, resulting in the generation of non-uniform cell-laden microdroplets. Therefore, the effect of cell-induced instability on microdroplet generation was minimized at a low flow rate ratio. 相似文献
64.
In operational equating situations, frequency estimation equipercentile equating is considered only when the old and new groups have similar abilities. The frequency estimation assumptions are investigated in this study under various situations from both the levels of theoretical interest and practical use. It shows that frequency estimation equating can be used under circumstances when it is not normally used. To link theoretical results with practice, statistical methods are proposed for checking frequency estimation assumptions based on available data: observed‐score distributions and item difficulty distributions of the forms. In addition to the conventional use of frequency estimation equating when the group abilities are similar, three situations are identified when the group abilities are dissimilar: (a) when the two forms and the observed conditional score distributions are similar the two forms and the observed conditional score distributions are similar (in this situation, the frequency estimation equating assumptions are likely to hold, and frequency estimation equating is appropriate); (b) when forms are similar but the observed conditional score distributions are not (in this situation, frequency estimation equating is not appropriate); and (c) when forms are not similar but the observed conditional score distributions are (frequency estimation equating is not appropriate). Statistical analysis procedures for comparing distributions are provided. Data from a large‐scale test are used to illustrate the use of frequency estimation equating when the group difference in ability is large. 相似文献
65.
This article examines the cyclical nature of government policy vis‐à‐vis work‐related learning. First, it looks at the purposes and types of work‐related learning which exist in the 14–19 educational phase. Second, it describes the policy history surrounding work‐related learning, highlighting policy emphasis on recurring themes such as enterprise education, workplace socialisation, motivation and academic achievement. Third, the way in which work‐related learning has been organised is described. This leads to a discussion of whether and to what extent the multiplicity of purposes of work‐related learning set out by the government can actually be achieved. More importantly, it suggests that the organisational and policy aspects of work‐related learning are offered as ‘new and improved products’ every so often, and that more empirical research should be undertaken and thought given before the results of this agenda can be judged effectively. 相似文献
66.
We investigate a new category of fuzzy-neural networks such as Hybrid Fuzzy Set-based Polynomial Neural Networks (HFSPNN). These networks consist of a genetically optimized multi-layer with two kinds of heterogeneous neurons such as fuzzy set-based polynomial neurons (FSPNs) and polynomial neurons (PNs). We have developed a comprehensive design methodology that helps determine the optimal structure of networks dynamically. The augmented genetically optimized HFSPNN (referred to as gHFSPNN) results in a structurally optimized structure and comes with a higher level of flexibility in comparison to the one we encounter in the conventional HFPNN. The GA-based design procedure being applied at each layer of gHFSPNN leads to the selection of preferred nodes (FSPNs or PNs) available within the HFSPNN. In the sequel, the structural optimization is realized via GAs, whereas the ensuing detailed parametric optimization is carried out in the setting of a standard least square method-based learning. The performance of the gHFSPNN is demonstrated through intensive experimentation where we use a number of modeling benchmarks—synthetic and experimental datasets are already being used in fuzzy or neurofuzzy modeling. 相似文献
67.
This study investigated how cultural differences between Korea and the United States in attitudinal and normative components affect individuals’ explanation of their intentions to lie or tell the truth. Study 1 examined individuals’ intentions to base their lying or truth-telling tendencies on attitude-related reasons (i.e., attitudinal reasons) and subjective norm-related reasons (i.e., normative reasons). Study 2 examined individuals’ evaluation of a person who used attitudinal reasons or normative reasons to explain his/her behaviors of lying or truth-telling. The results showed that neither culture used one type of reason consistently across different behaviors. Instead, the types of behaviors influenced the way attitudinal and normative components were related to behavioral intentions. The attitudinal component was important for individuals’ explanations of their attitudinal reasons to lie and to tell the truth and that the normative component was important for individuals’ explanations of their normative reasons to lie. However, both the attitudinal and normative components were important for individuals’ explanations of their normative reasons to tell the truth. Cross-culturally, Koreans were more likely to use normative reasons when they had to explain why they intended to lie for a friend, whereas Americans were more likely to use normative reasons when they had to explain why they intended to tell the truth. In addition, Koreans and Americans had different preferences for each reason type depending on the type of behavior probably because Koreans, as compared to Americans, tend to view lying for a friend less negatively. 相似文献
68.
Seiwoong Oh 《Inter-Asia Cultural Studies》2019,20(4):596-603
ABSTRACTSome philosophers and sociologists have recently criticized scholars who engage in so-called “me studies” – members of oppressed groups who study their own oppression. Such “me” studies, according to these critics, are self-serving, susceptible to biases, and generally bad at taking criticism from outsiders, many of whom may be afraid to speak up for fear of appearing to be unsympathetic racists or bigots. By examining standpoint epistemology in various disciplines, by reflecting on my own experience of being trained as a Shakespearean and studying Asian American literature, and by reviewing the history of Asian American scholarship in the United States, I defend “me studies” as a way to move towards the goal of inclusion and global social justice. 相似文献
69.
Hyun-Yong Noh Author VitaeJin-Hyung Lee Author Vitae Sae-Won Oh Author VitaeKeum-Sung Hwang Author Vitae Sung-Bae ChoAuthor Vitae 《Information processing & management》2012,48(1):1-12
Personal mobile devices such as cellular phones, smart phones and PMPs have advanced incredibly in the past decade. The mobile technologies make research on the life log and user-context awareness feasible. In other words, sensors in mobile devices can collect the variety of user’s information, and various works have been conducted using that information. Most of works used a user’s location information as the most useful clue to recognize the user context. However, the location information in the conventional works usually depends on a GPS receiver that has limited function, because it cannot localize a person in a building and thus lowers the performance of the user-context awareness. This paper develops a system to solve such problems and to infer a user’s hidden information more accurately using Bayesian network and indoor-location information. Also, this paper presents a new technique for localization in a building using a decision tree and signals for the Wireless LAN because the decision tree has many advantages which outweigh other localization techniques. 相似文献
70.
Jeongran Oh 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2011,12(3):381-392
Recent reforms of high school education in Korea have focused on transforming the uniform and standardized system into a deregulated
and diversified system that has an emphasis on school choice and competition. Situating the high school diversification policy
in the context of the recent controversy of the neoliberal educational reform, this study argues that school diversification
in Korea is deeply impaired and unfulfilled, such as in situations in which the school differentiation and elite high school
credentials struggle are reinforced by the peculiar nature of the Korean educational market, namely the hakbul-based society and the development of private educational markets. It suggests that special attention should be drawn to integrate
the reform efforts for high school diversification into the ways in which the policy is being configured and delivered within
the pursuit of educational equality and social justice. 相似文献