The Official Ideology of American Law Schools     

George W. DentJr 《Academic Questions》2011,24(2):185-193

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Cognitive and environmental predictors of early literacy skills     

Davidse NJ  de Jong MT  Bus AG  Huijbregts SC  Swaab H 《Reading and writing》2011,24(4):395-412

Not all young children benefit from book exposure in preschool age. It is claimed that the ability to hold information in mind (short-term memory), to ignore distraction (inhibition), and to focus attention and stay focused (sustained attention) may have a moderating effect on children’s reactions to the home literacy environment. In a group of 228 junior kindergarten children with a native Dutch background, with a mean age of 54.29 months (SD = 2.12 months), we explored therefore the relationship between book exposure, cognitive control and early literacy skills. Parents filled in a HLE questionnaire (book sharing frequency and an author recognition checklist as indicator of parental leisure reading habits), and children completed several tests in individual sessions with the researcher (a book-cover recognition test, PPVT, letter knowledge test, the subtests categories and patterns of the SON, and cognitive control measures namely digit span of the KABC, a peg tapping task and sustained attention of the ANT). Main findings were: (1) Children’s storybook knowledge mediated the relationship between home literacy environment and literacy skills. (2) Both vocabulary and letter knowledge were predicted by book exposure. (3) Short-term memory predicted vocabulary over and above book exposure. (4) None of the cognitive control mechanisms moderated the beneficial effects of book exposure.  相似文献   

Cortical network for reading linear words in an alphasyllabary     

Tanusree Das  Raju S. Bapi  Prakash Padakannaya  Nandini C. Singh 《Reading and writing》2011,24(6):697-707

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Lessons from the History of the Concept of the Ray for Teaching Geometrical Optics     

C. Andreou  A. Raftopoulos 《Science & Education》2011,20(10):1007-1037

There are two indisputable findings in science education research. First, students go to school with some intuitive beliefs about the natural world and physical phenomena that pose an obstacle to the learning of formal science. Second, these beliefs result from the confluence of two factors, namely, their everyday experience as they interact with the world around them and a set of operational constraints or principles that channel both perceptually and conceptually the way these experiences are perceived and interpreted. History of science suggests that the theories of early scientists through which they sought to explain physical phenomena relied mostly on ideas that closely fitted their experiences of the relevant phenomena. This characteristic of the early scientific ideas is the root of the epistemological difficulties that early scientists faced in their attempts to explain the phenomena. In this paper, we focus on the early theories in optics (from ancient Greek to the late Islamic scientific traditions) and argue that students face some of the same epistemological problems as early scientists in explaining vision and optical phenomena for the reason that students’ intuitive beliefs are also closely tied to particular phenomena and as a result the underlying notions are fragmentary and lack the necessary generality that would allow them to cover many disparate phenomena. Knowledge of these epistemological problems can help the instructor to identify the key elements for a better understanding of the formal theory of optics and, in turn, lead to a more effective instruction.  相似文献   

Michael Hunter: <Emphasis Type="Italic">Robert Boyle: Between God and Science</Emphasis>     

Colin F. Gauld 《Science & Education》2011,20(1):89-97

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Alan F. Chalmers: <Emphasis Type="Italic">The Scientist’s Atom and the Philosopher’s Stone: How Science Succeeded and Philosophy Failed to Gain Knowledge of Atoms</Emphasis>     

Michael R. Matthews 《Science & Education》2011,20(2):173-190

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Where are all the typical numbers — 2     

B. V. Rao 《Resonance》2011,16(11):1029-1038

In this two-part article, we are trying to discover patterns in the decimal digits of numbers between zero and one. In Part I we started showing that each digit occurs with frequency 1/10. We reduced the problem with the help of Borel-Cantelli Lemma and Markov inequality to show certain sums of integrals are finite. In this concluding part we bring in an essentially new ingredient and conclude the proof.  相似文献   

Sundials: Ancestors of our clocks     

P. D. Anoop 《Resonance》2011,16(1):29-37

This article deals with the timekeepers of the past, the sundials. Apart from discussing the structure of a few common sundials, we point out the reasons for the variation between sundial time and the time shown by mechanical timekeepers.  相似文献   

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Darshana</Emphasis> Jolts     

V. V. Raman 《Resonance》2011,16(3):279-292

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Israel Moiseevich Gelfand (1913–2009)     

V. S. Sunder 《Resonance》2011,16(2):165-179

In this homage to the late I M Gelfand, we try to give an overview of some of his contributions to the theories of Banach algebras in general and C*-algebras in particular, and briefly elaborate on the celebrated Gelfand-Naimark-Segal construction which gives a way of passing from positivity-preserving linear functionals to representations on Hilbert space.  相似文献