Growth in distance education is increasing the need to examine students' learning strategies in distance and blended learning environments. Students' cramming or spaced-review behaviors were measured and compared across delivery formats as well as examined related to course achievement and attitudes across a term. Although theory would predict that spaced study rather than last minute cramming would yield higher achievement, researchers report mixed findings in both areas. One hundred fifty-seven students in distance and blended course formats were blocked into 5 groups based on their cramming/spaced-review patterns a week prior to each of 3 posttests. Significant differences were observed in cramming/spaced-review behaviors between delivery formats and for achievement and attitudes. 相似文献
This mixed-methods study considers ‘permanent expulsionary punishments’ (PEP) from government schooling. Analysis considers the literature, available PEP data from two jurisdictions, and attitudinal data from Australian staff, in considering the contribution of policy, agency, and discourse (PAD) to the causes of PEP. It compares attitudes in a Queensland sample with those in other Australian jurisdictions. Across Queensland schools, 2007–2014, rates for the two categories of PEP almost doubled and more than quadrupled. This contrasts with neighbouring state, New South Wales (NSW), where the rate of PEP remained constant. PEP may disproportionately impact equity groups, already vulnerable to poor academic, and therefore social mobility, outcomes: especially those of First Nation Heritage (FNH). Thus, pre-identified gaps in educational outcomes for FNH children are stretched, despite this purportedly being a national education and social justice priority. The findings are that discernible differences exist between participants from Queensland, and other jurisdictions. However, despite these differences, responses overall were polarised reasonably uniformly across jurisdictions. Most participants attributed influence onto both family and child with fewer attributions onto schooling systems or PEP itself. Other considered factors which might influence attitudes include cohort differences like gender, age and experience.
The purpose of this mixed methods study was to examine ways to promote computer science (CS) among girls by exploring young women’s experiences and perceptions of CS as well as investigating factors affecting their career aspirations. American girls aged 10–16 participated in focus group interviews as well as pre-, post-, and follow-up surveys while attending a CS camp. The analysis of data revealed that although the participants were generally positive about the CS field, they had very limited knowledge of and experience with CS, leading to little aspiration to become computer scientists. The findings also indicated that girls’ affinity for and confidence in CS were critical factors affecting their motivation for pursuing a CS-related career. The study demonstrated that participation in the CS camp motivated a small number of participants to be interested in majoring in CS, but the activity time was too short to make a significant impact. Based on the findings, we suggest that providing CS programming experiences in K-12 classrooms is important in order to boost girls’ confidence and interest in CS. 相似文献
Ball argues that ‘policy authors do make concerted efforts to assert control [of readings] by the means at their disposal … [and that] we need to understand those efforts’ (Ball, 1994, p. 16). Efforts by policy authors to control readings are influenced by their own assumptions about the nature of language, texts and communication. This paper explores the models of language and communication held by policy writers within one HEI and how these influence the strategies they use to try to control interpretations of policy texts. The dominant conceptions of language and communication that emerge underestimate the active work of the ‘receivers’ of policy texts and the need for shared understanding of the social situation in constructing meanings. This leads to a misguided attempt to reduce the ‘implementation gap’ by modifying formal features of policy texts. 相似文献
Gary Carey, All the Stars in Heaven: Louis B. Mayer's M-G-M (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1981 -- $18.50 hardcover). Wyn Wachhorst, Thomas Alva Edison: An American Myth (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1981 -- $15.00). Alexander Walker, Garbo: A Portrait (New York: Macmillan, 1980 -- $19.95 cloth). Henry C. Rogers, Walking the Tightrope: The Private Confessions of a Public Relations Man (New York: William Morrow, 1980 -- $10.95 hardcover). Scott Palmer, A Who's Who of British Film Actors (Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1981 -- no price given). Tony Thomas, The Films of Ronald Reagan (Secaucus, N.J.: Citadel Press, 1980 -- $16.95). Jim Connor, Ann Miller: Tops in Taps, An Authorized Pictorial History (New York: Franklin Watts, 1981 -- $10.95 paper). Raymond Strait and Terry Robinson in Lanza: His Tragic Life (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: 1981 -- $10.00 hardcover) Irene Adler in I Remember Jimmy: The Life and Times of Jimmy Durante (New York: Arlington House, 1981 -- $8.95 paper) Jack Oakie, Jack Oakie's Double Takes (San Francisco: Strawberry Hill Press, 1980 -- $10.95 paper). Marilyn Henry and Ron De Sourdis, The Films of Alan Ladd (Secaucus, N.J.: The Citadel Press, 1981 -- $16.95). 相似文献
In the post-Soviet era, libraries in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia have faced increasing budgetary challenges. In response to socioeconomic restructuring and the introduction of private enterprise, libraries have been forced to seek alternatives to commercial publishing and licensing models. In this article the authors will assess the status of the open access movement and of Internet filtering controls in the countries of the South Caucasus. They will also argue that developing open models for scholarly communication is crucial to the strengthening of liberal education and civic participation in these aspiring democracies. Libraries, in their role as providers of and advocates for shared information, have a vital role to play in this mission. 相似文献
It is critically important to understand why victims of bullying decide to seek help when they do, particularly from adults, because this reduces the probability of being victimized in the future. This study sought to understand more clearly the patterns of help‐seeking by students who reported being victims of bullying. Participants were students in Years 5 and 6 from six different schools in a large Australian city (N = 259). Data were collected using a self‐report questionnaire. Several factors were explored, including victim category, source of help, and the victim's goals. The results indicated that victims of bullying perceived different sources of help to be related to achieving different goals. Furthermore, the results showed that students who self‐identified as victims of bullying perceived informal sources of help to be easier to talk to about being bullied. Victims also realized that teachers were concerned about them being bullied, but this was not related to being able to ask them for help. Help‐seeking is a complex process involving conflicting goals. The results highlighted several avenues for future research as well as some practical implications. 相似文献