M. Gail Shroyer  Carol A. Borchers 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》1995,6(2):60

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美国图书馆的今天:实践、趋势与挑战   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

柯素善  顾小明 《中国图书馆学报》2003,29(6)

目前,美国的图书馆一般都订有策略性规划,有自己的人事分类体系,建立了内部切磋交流机制和组织机构,十分重视用户工作。其发展呈现如下一些趋势:越来越多地使用电子服务方式;注重书目的双重作用;大力开展远程教育和原文传递服务;推行馆舍联合使用和采编外包及联合购买,等等。不断变化的形势,也给美国的图书馆提出了新的挑战,如如何处理科技消费问题、经费预算不稳和馆员短缺问题、资源价格高居不下和网上色情问题,等等。  相似文献   

Le management de l'archive     

Carol Couture  Louise Gagnon-Arguin 《Archival Science》2001,1(1):101-105

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Gender,culture, and geography: A comparison of seating arrangements in the United States and Taiwan     

Rebecca J. Cline  Carol A. Puhl 《Int J Intercult Relat》1984,8(2):199-219

The present study describes and compares seating preferences among Taiwanese and American respondents. Using a questionnaire method, seating preferences were obtained for 75 male and 100 female college students from the United Slates, and for 29 male and 54 female teachers of English in Taiwan. Responses were obtained for all possible combinations of sex of interaction partner, location (task or social), and six interpersonal activities. Results were summarized in the form of proportions of respondents choosing each of four possible angles of interaction: corner, opposite, diagonal, and side seating. Comparisons were made using Chisquare tests for independence.In general, results showed that Taiwanese respondents, when compared to Americans, are more likely to prefer side seating and less likely to prefer corner seating. Culture, sex of respondents, and sex of interaction partner interact in influencing preferences. In the United States, seating preferences function to unite males with females and to separate same-sex partners, while the opposite is true in Taiwan. Results are interpreted in terms of implications for intercultural communication.  相似文献   

Emblematic gestures among Hebrew speakers in Israel     

Michaela Safadi  Carol Ann Valentine 《Int J Intercult Relat》1988,12(4)

A field study was conducted in Israel to identify emblematic gestures recognized and used by Hebrew speakers. Studies which have identified the emblematic gestures of particular ethnic or national groups are reviewed and criticized. This study seeks to contribute increased rigor and systematology to the identification of particular groups' emblematic gestures.Twenty-six gestures commonly used in classroom interaction were selected for testing. The instrument used was Schneller's form, “Investigations of Interpersonal Communication in Israel.” Subjects included college students, members of YMCA classes for pensioners, and others. On the instrument, subjects noted their recognition and interpretations of the investigator's encoding intentions, their certainty or interpretation and where they learned each gesture.Whereas previous studies of this nature accepted around 70% interpretive agreement among subjects, this study indicates that at least 90% is a more reliable measure by which to label gestures “emblems.” In addition, correlations were tabulated for the effects of subjects' age, ethnicity, years in Israel, certainty about interpretation, and accuracy of interpretation.The findings of this study were: (a) eight gestures were identified as emblems, and three more gestures identified as possible emblems, (b) slightly negative although insignificant correlations were found between increased age, years in Israel, expressed certainty of interpretation and accuracy of interpretation, and (c) natives and subjects from 20–24 years of age tended to have the highest rates of expressed certainty of interpretation as well as accuracy of interpretation.The findings are compared with those of three other studies of Jews' gesturing and differences between the studies are considered. Recommendations include continuing such studies and comparing the results of related projects in order to form a comprehensive picture of particular groups of people.Limitations are discussed. These include: (a) a less than representative sample, (b) lack of a consistent conversational context, (c) potential for distortion in the decoding process, (d) the lack of a unified gesture labeling system, and (e) the possibility of cultural or researcher bias.  相似文献   

Preventing sexual abuse     

Carol A. Plummer 《Early Childhood Education Journal》1986,14(2):6-13

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Bookselling research: An overview of the past and priorities for the future     

Carol Miles 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1994,10(3):51-59

In 1988, the American Booksellers Association mandated the creation of an in-house research department. This article reviews the ABA’s research agenda, its progress to date, its relationship to research conducted by other publishing organizations, and its future priorities. Carol Miles became director of research for the American Booksellers Association in 1988, after twenty years of research in the academic, nonprofit, not-for-profit, and private sectors.  相似文献   

Feminist follies     

Carol Iannone 《Academic Questions》1987,1(1):45-47

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Is there a woman’s perspective in literature?     

Carol Iannone 《Academic Questions》1994,7(1):63-76

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Editors’ comments     

M. Gail Shroyer  Carol A. Borchers 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》1994,5(4):112-112

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