Empowering or disabling? Emotional reactions to assessment amongst part-time adult students     

Andy Cramp  Catherine Lamond  Liz Coleyshaw  Sue Beck 《Teaching in Higher Education》2013,18(5):509-521

This article focuses on emotional reactions to learning and assessment. It draws on a qualitative research project involving first-generation adult students on a foundation degree programme. Endorsing the notion of emotional reactions as situated in participants' lived power relations, we map out emotional patterns to Semester 1 and then explore in more detail, participants' particular emotional reactions to assessment. We found three key themes: higher education assessment as an unknown risk; assessment success ‘out of the blue’ and assessment as trauma and euphoria. A major aspect of the project was to offer socially constructed pedagogic developments in response to these themes and nurture emotion as positive energy for transformation.  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEWS     

Catherine Bovill  Gillian Aitken  Jennifer Hutchison  Fiona Morrison  Katherine Roseweir  Alison Scott 《International Journal for Academic Development》2013,18(2):143-149

This paper presents findings from a collaborative evaluation project within a masters programme in professional education. The project aimed to increase knowledge of research methodologies and methods through authentic learning where participants worked in partnership with the tutor to evaluate the module which they were studying. The project processes, areas of the course evaluated and the data collection methods are outlined. The findings focus on key themes from evaluating the effectiveness of using a collaborative evaluation approach, including: enhanced student engagement; creativity of the collaborative evaluation approach; equality between the tutor and students; and enhanced research skills. Discussion focuses on the outcomes and effectiveness of the project and tutor reflections on adopting a collaborative approach. This paper highlights lessons from the project relevant to those interested in staff–student partnership approaches and those facilitating postgraduate learning and teaching programmes and educational research courses.

Cet article présente les résultats d’un projet collaboratif d’évaluation ayant eu lieu dans le cadre d’un programme de master en formation professionnelle. Le projet visait à accroître les connaissances des méthodes et méthodologies de recherche par l’entremise d’un apprentissage authentique dans le cadre duquel les participantes ?uvraient en partenariat avec le tuteur à l’évaluation du module auquel elles prenaient part. Les processus du projet, les parties du cours ayant été évaluées et les méthodes de collecte des données sont présentées. Les résultats se concentrent sur les thèmes principaux provenant de l’évaluation de l’efficacité d’une approche collaborative d’évaluation. Ceux‐ci comprennent : l’engagement accru des étudiantes ; la créativité de l’approche collaborative d’évaluation ; l’égalité entre le tuteur et les étudiantes ; et les compétences de recherche développées. La discussion porte sur : les résultats et l’efficacité du projet de même que des réflexions du tuteur au sujet de l’adoption d’une approche collaborative. L’article met en lumière les leçons tirées de ce projet pouvant être pertinentes pour ceux qui seraient intéressés par les approches de partenariat enseignant‐étudiant et pour ceux qui ont la charge de programmes de 2e ou 3e cycle en pédagogie universitaire ou de cours de recherche en éducation.  相似文献   

“Unhomely” Academic Developer Identities: More post‐colonial explorations     

Catherine Manathunga 《International Journal for Academic Development》2013,18(1):25-34

Academic developers are very often disciplinary migrants, performing hybrid, liminal roles at the “fault lines” between teachers and learners, between academics and managers, and between teaching and research. As a result, their identities as scholars can be described as “unhomely.” While this in‐between space is uncomfortable and ambiguous, its deconstructive power lends itself to “thinking at or beyond the limit” of current teaching and learning discourses. This article seeks to apply the post‐colonial notion of “unhomeliness” to academic development so that we can more critically understand academic‐developer identities and how the relentless march of performativity impacts on them. The article also explores some deconstructive possibilities inherent in the liminal educational development zone that may bring back the playfulness of exploring transgressive ideas about teaching and learning.

Les conseillers pédagogiques sont très souvent des étrangers à la discipline, jouant des rôles hybrides ou à la limite des « lignes de faute » entre les enseignants et les apprenants, entre les universitaires et les gestionnaires, et entre l’enseignement et la recherche. Le résultat est que leurs identités en tant que chercheurs peuvent être décrites comme « non accueillantes ». Tandis que cet espace intermédiaire est inconfortable et ambigu, son pouvoir déconstructif se prête à une pensée « à/au‐delà de la limite » des discours actuels sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage. Cet article cherche à appliquer la notion postcoloniale du « non accueillant » au développement pédagogique de façon à ce que nous puissions comprendre de manière davantage critique les identités du conseiller pédagogique ainsi que l’impact, sur ceux‐ci, de la marche implacable vers la performativité. Cet article explore aussi les possibilités déconstructives inhérentes à la zone liminale de développement pédagogique, lesquelles sont en mesure de ramener l’espièglerie sous‐jacente à l’exploration d’idées transgressives au sujet de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage.  相似文献   

Behavior Regulation and Early Math and Vocabulary Knowledge in German Preschool Children     

Antje von Suchodoletz  Catherine Gunzenhauser 《Early education and development》2013,24(3):310-331

Research Findings: Behavior regulation, including paying attention, remembering instructions, and controlling action, contributes to children's successful adaptation to and functioning in preschool and school settings. This study examined the development of behavior regulation in early childhood and its potential contribution to individual differences in children's early knowledge (mathematics and vocabulary). Sixty German preschool children were administered a direct observational measure of behavior regulation, the Head-to-Toes Task, and a standardized test to assess early mathematics and vocabulary. Results revealed significant gains in behavior regulation between of 3 and 4 years of age. Moreover, early gender differences were found, with girls outperforming boys at age 4. Behavior regulation was significantly related to performance on the academic tasks, but the pathways to math and vocabulary knowledge differed. Practice or Policy: Discussion focuses on the role of behavior regulation in early academic achievement.  相似文献   

The Validity of Narratives for Understanding Children’s Perceptions of the Teacher–Child Relationship for Preschoolers Who Display Elevated Disruptive Behaviors     

Catherine S. Wolcott  Amanda P. Williford  Karyn Hartz-Mandell 《Early education and development》2013,24(7):887-912

The links between a positive teacher-child relationship and young children’s academic and social-emotional development have been well established, particularly for children with disruptive behaviors. However, less is known about children’s views of the teacher-child relationship and how these representations relate to other established measures. Using a sample of 157 preschoolers with elevated disruptive behaviors, the current study assessed preschoolers’ representations of the teacher-child relationship by adapting a narrative procedure and a coding scheme from the parent-child attachment literature. Children’s representations as assessed through their narratives were internally consistent and were modestly associated with established measures of the teacher-child relationship. Offering additional support of validity, children’s representations had implications for their engagement in tasks, such that children with more negative and less emotionally positive representations were more dependent on positive interactions with their teachers to remain oriented to tasks. Results add support to the importance of positive teacher-child interactions for children with behavioral difficulties and highlight the benefit of using representational measures to understand children’s views of the teacher-child relationship.  相似文献   

STEM Career Changers’ Transformation into Science Teachers     

Catherine Snyder  Alandeom W. Oliveira  Lawrence M. Paska 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2013,24(4):617-644

This study examines the transformation (professional growth) of career-changing women scientists who decided to become teachers. Drawing upon Mezirow’s Transformative Learning Theory, we tracked their transformation for 3 years. Our findings revealed multiple identities, disorientation, a perceived sense of meaninglessness, loss and eventual regain in confidence, gain in pedagogical knowledge and skill, and changed perceptions of the social roles of science teachers and scientists. Driven by personal choice or need (financial, intellectual), such transformations were achieved through active pursuit of meaning in one’s work, critical assessment of assumptions, planning, and trying on the unfamiliar role of a science teacher. It is argued that such transition entails complex changes in thinking about science teaching and identifying oneself as a science teacher.  相似文献   

COMPARING METHODS OF IDENTIFYING REINFORCING STIMULI IN SCHOOL CONSULTATION     

Sharon Damon  T. Chris Riley-Tillman  Catherine Fiorello 《Journal of educational and psychological consultation》2013,23(1):31-53

Reinforcement-based interventions, the most frequently used treatments for school-age children, rely on accurately identifying stimuli that will serve to reinforce appropriate classroom behavior. Research has consistently demonstrated that the results from a forced-choice pairing procedure are the best predictors of reinforcing stimuli. Interestingly, systematic evaluation of potential reinforcers is rarely implemented in the school consultation setting. Considering the importance of the reinforcer on reinforcement-based interventions, and the literature focusing on the significance of the selection procedure on accurately identifying a reinforcer, this is concerning. The purpose of these two studies was to examine the effectiveness of identifying reinforcing stimuli for students in the consultation setting using two different methods: stimulus forced-choice and asking the teacher to identify potential reinforcers. The effectiveness of the selected stimuli as reinforcers was studied on two student outcomes: academic production and on-task behavior. The results of the two studies suggested that the reinforcers selected using a forced-choice procedure were more effective than the reinforcers selected from a teacher-identification procedure. Further, results indicated that although stimuli derived from both reinforcer assessment methods were useful at increasing rates of desired behavior, stimuli derived from the forced-choice reinforcer assessment were more consistently effective.  相似文献   

Ethnic DIF in Reading Tests With Mixed Item Formats     

Catherine S. Taylor  Yoonsun Lee 《Educational Assessment》2013,18(1):35-68

This article presents a study of ethnic Differential Item Functioning (DIF) for 4th-, 7th-, and 10th-grade reading items on a state criterion-referenced achievement test. The tests, administered 1997 to 2001, were composed of multiple-choice and constructed-response items. Item performance by focal groups (i.e., students from Asian/Pacific Island, Black/African American, Native American, and Latino/Hispanic origins) were compared with the performance of White students using simultaneous item bias and Rasch procedures. Flagged multiple-choice items generally favored White students, whereas flagged constructed-response items generally favored students from Asian/Pacific Islander, Black/African American, and Latino/Hispanic origins. Content analysis of flagged reading items showed that positively and negatively flagged items typically measured inference, interpretation, or analysis of text in multiple-choice and constructed-response formats. Items that were not flagged for DIF generally measured very easy reading skills (e.g., literal comprehension) and reading skills that require higher level thinking (e.g., developing interpretations across texts and analyzing graphic elements).  相似文献   

“Life prepared me well for succeeding”: The Enactment of Community Cultural Wealth,Experiential Capital,and Transfer Student Capital by First-Generation Engineering Transfer Students     

Catherine Mobley  Catherine E. Brawner 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(5):353-369

ABSTRACT

Community colleges have long been recognized as pivotal institutions for broadening educational opportunity for a variety of marginalized populations, including first-generation students. These institutions are also an important starting point for students desiring to eventually earn a bachelor’s degree in a science, technology, engineering, or mathematics discipline. Our qualitative study explores the experiences of 15 first-generation community college transfer students majoring in engineering. We use the theory of community cultural wealth and the concepts of experiential capital and transfer student capital as lenses for analyzing and interpreting our semistructured interview data and for formulating recommendations to improve the transfer experiences and educational outcomes of this population. This sample of students enacted several types of community cultural wealth and experiential capital when navigating the engineering transfer pathway and in their engineering studies. They were less likely to enact the elements of transfer student capital, however. Instead, our results indicate that the participants attribute their successful transitions to their self-motivation and initiative associated with community cultural wealth and experiential capital, rather than institutional interventions associated with transfer student capital. We conclude with recommendations for strengthening institutional programs directed at first-generation engineering transfer students.  相似文献   

A Comparison of Two Approaches for Observing Cooperative Group Work     

Catherine Poulsen  Christina Kouros  Sylvia d'Apollonia  Philip C. Abrami  Bette Chambers  Nina Howe 《Educational Research and Evaluation》2013,19(2):159-182

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