Factors affecting the speed of free writing     

Jonathan Ferrier  Joanna Horne  Chris Singleton 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2013,13(1):66-78

Factors affecting the free writing speed of 11‐year‐old students were investigated using the Group and Individual Assessment of Handwriting Speed. Intelligence, gender, legibility and whether the student has special educational needs or speaks English as an additional language were all found to impact on writing speed to a significant extent. In one of the two schools studied, the students wrote significantly faster than the students in the other school. This ‘teacher effect’ was found to be independent of the other significant factors examined in the study and was attributed largely to instructional differences between schools and teachers. The average writing speed was 36% lower than published norms for this test, implying that 70.2% of the students would be eligible for extra time in examinations and raising doubts regarding the validity of these norms. It was concluded that vulnerability to teacher effects and other factors makes free writing an unreliable method of measuring writing speed, especially when group administered, and calls into question its use to justify the provision of examination access arrangements or accommodations.  相似文献   

Reading the Word and Reading the World: The Impact of a Critical Pedagogical Approach to the Teaching of Criminology in Higher Education     

Alana Barton  Karen Corteen  Julie Davies  Anita Hobson 《Journal of Criminal Justice Education》2013,24(1):24-41

Critical pedagogical approaches are underpinned by the principal that education is an inherently political process which should be concerned with enabling students to be reflective, independent, and critical thinkers. In this paper we argue that facilitating the development of a critical consciousness is an integral part of the teaching of critical criminology in higher education. We contend that it is essential if students are to recognize the broader social and political contexts of their own, and others’, lived experiences and thus be able to challenge political oppressions and domain ideologies. By drawing on a pilot study conducted with final‐year undergraduates from a university in the north west of England, the paper will demonstrate how a critical education (critical in terms of subject content, and teaching practice) can better enable students to develop both academically and, as importantly, with regard to their personal, social, and political consciousness.  相似文献   

Gender,Internal Controls,and Academic Dishonesty: Investigating Mediating and Differential Effects     

Chris L. Gibson  David Khey  Christopher J. Schreck 《Journal of Criminal Justice Education》2013,24(1):2-18

While research has found that males tend to commit more academically dishonest acts than females, we know little about what accounts for the gender differential or whether the same factors can explain academic dishonesty for males and females. This study assesses how internal controls, i.e., self‐control, shame, embarrassment, and moral beliefs, account for the relationship between gender and cheating behavior. Using a sample of students from a southern university in the United States, this study explores three questions. First, do internal controls vary across males and females? Second, can internal controls account for gender differences in test cheating? Third, do internal controls differentially or similarly predict test cheating for males and females? Results show that (a) gender differences among several internal controls as well as cheating behavior, (b) internal controls reduce the gender gap but cannot completely explain why gender differences exist in cheating, and (c) two internal controls, self‐control and moral beliefs, differentially predict male and female test cheating. We discuss limitations of our findings and how research can expand the investigation of gender differences and explanations for engaging in academically dishonest acts.  相似文献   

Participative Leadership: Perspectives of Community College Presidents     

Lauren Grasmick  Timothy Gray Davies 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(2):67-80

This grounded theory study addressed the issue of how community college presidents foster active, broad-based participation in campus decision-making processes. This study was based on in-depth interviews with nationally recognized community college presidents selected on the basis of their work in implementing participative governance within their respective institutions. The findings of this study are presented according to the emergence of four axial categories, and a core category is described and explained. Participative leadership is highly interactive and dynamic. Perhaps most importantly, participative leadership is a developmental process for building environments for broad participation. The core category, Visioning Participative Environments, reveals the centrality of the visioning process throughout each sequence of the participative leadership process. This model identifies and explains key participative leadership practices that flow from the theoretical cornerstones.  相似文献   

Making a place: an oral history of academic development in Australia     

Chris Trevitt 《Teaching in Higher Education》2013,18(6):693-698

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The Sinthomosexual's Failed Challenge to (Hetero)sexual Difference     

Chris Coffman 《Culture, Theory & Critique》2013,54(1):56-73

This essay argues that Lee Edelman's 2004 Edelman, L. 2004. No Future: Queer Theory and the Death Drive, Durham: Duke University Press. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar] No Future, while most well known for challenging the heteronormative fantasy of reproductive futurism, also performs a systematic critique of Lacanian ‘sexual difference’. This essay tracks that critique, showing its moments of success and of failure, and concludes that Edelman's neologism – the sinthomosexual, whose jouissance he believes to be capable of undoing the symbolic order – in fact supports rather than challenges it.  相似文献   

Modular designs and integrating practices: Managing collaboration through coordination and cooperation     

Richard Tee  Andrew Davies  Jennifer Whyte 《Research Policy》2019,48(1):51-61

Collaboration in large-scale projects introduces challenges involving both coordination (the ability to collaborate) as well as cooperation (the willingness to do so). Existing research has shown how modular designs can improve coordination by locating interdependencies within rather than between different modules. Based on an in-depth case study of collaboration in a large-scale infrastructure project, our study highlights an effect of modularity on collaboration that previously has been overlooked. Specifically, we show that while modular designs may help overcome coordination challenges by reducing interdependencies between modules, they can in turn hamper collaboration by emphasizing specialization within modules. Therefore, though existing work typically perceives modularity and integration as opposites, we clarify how they can also act as complements. In particular, we show how firms need to complement modular designs with integrating practices that stimulate cooperation. Overall, we contribute to the literature on collaboration and modularity by explaining when and how organizations can combine modularity and integration.  相似文献   

Validation of a videogrammetry technique for analysing American football helmet kinematics     

Ann Bailey  James Funk  David Lessley  Chris Sherwood  Jeff Crandall  William Neale 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2020,19(5):678-700

ABSTRACT

Professional American football games are recorded in digital video with multiple cameras, often at high resolution and high frame rates. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a videogrammetry technique to calculate translational and rotational helmet velocity before, during and after a helmet impact. In total, 10 football impacts were staged in a National Football League (NFL) stadium by propelling helmeted 50th percentile male crash test dummies into each other or the ground at speeds and orientations representative of concussive impacts for NFL players. The tests were recorded by experienced sports film crews to obtain video coverage and quality typically available for NFL games. A videogrammetry procedure was used to track the position and rotation of the helmet throughout the relevant time interval of the head impact. Compared with rigidly mounted retroreflective marker three dimensional (3-D) motion tracking that was concurrently collected in the experiments, videogrammetry accurately calculated changes in translational and rotational velocity of the helmet using high frame rate (two cameras at 240 Hz) video (7% and 15% error, respectively). Low frame rate (2 cameras at 60 Hz) video was adequate for calculating pre-impact translational velocity but not for calculating the translational or rotational velocity change of the helmet during impact.  相似文献   

Bodies in flux: scientific methods for negotiating medical uncertainty,C. Teston. Chicago,IL: University of Chicago Press, 2017, 243 pp., Paperback – $35/Hardcover – $105/E-Book – $35     

Chris McCracken 《Technical Communication Quarterly》2018,27(2):191-194

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Power training in elite young soccer players: Effects of using loads above or below the optimum power zone     

Irineu Loturco  Lucas A. Pereira  Valter P. Reis  Chris Bishop  Vinicius Zanetti  Pedro E. Alcaraz 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(11-12):1416-1422

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to examine the effects of two jump squat (JS) training programs involving different loading ranges in under-20 soccer players during a preseason period. Twenty-three elite young soccer players performed sprint speed (at 5-, 10-, and 20-m), change-of-direction (COD) speed, JS peak-power (PP), and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests pre and post four weeks of training. Athletes were pair-matched in two groups according to their optimum power loads (OPL) as follows: lower than OPL (LOPL; athletes who trained at a load 20% lower than the OPL) and higher than OPL (HOPL; athletes who trained at a load 20% higher than the OPL). Magnitude-based inferences were used to compare pre- and post-training measures. Meaningful increases in the PP JS were observed for both groups. Likely and possible improvements were observed in the 5- and 10-m sprint velocity in the LOPL group. Meanwhile, possible and likely improvements were observed in the CMJ, 5- and 10-m sprint velocity, and COD speed in the HOPL group. Overall, both training schemes induced positive changes in athletic performance. Soccer coaches and sport scientists can implement the JS OPL-based training schemes presented here, either separately or combined, to improve the physical performance of youth soccer players.  相似文献