Understanding school mobility and mobile pupils in England     

Clara Rübner Jørgensen  Thomas Perry 《British Educational Research Journal》2021,47(5):1139-1157

A significant proportion of pupils move school during their school career for reasons other than standard structural moves between educational stages. Little is known about the underlying causes of these moves and the characteristics and experiences of mobile pupils are challenging to research. There is currently a large disconnect between the macro level of system structures, data and policy and the individual experiences and journeys of mobile pupils. This article brings together international literature around school mobility and mobile pupils, with analyses of the English National Pupil Database (NPD), tracking a cohort from age 5 to 16, to better understand when school moves occur and the characteristics of mobile pupils. Findings reveal a sizable underlying rate of moves in England of about 1.5–2% per term and identify differences in mobility related to disadvantage, school phase, ethnic group and SEND status. The predictive power of the data, however, is low, highlighting the need for more research, policy and practice in this area to better understand individual mobility circumstances. By bringing together the literature and the data, the article concludes with a discussion of what is known about school mobility and recommends further areas for research into the characteristics, experiences and outcomes of mobile school pupils.  相似文献   

Artificial intelligence behind the scenes: PubMed's Best Match algorithm     

Lucy Kiester  Clara Turp 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2022,110(1):15

This article focuses on PubMed''s Best Match sorting algorithm, presenting a simplified explanation of how it operates and highlighting how artificial intelligence affects search results in ways that are not seen by users. We further discuss user search behaviors and the ethical implications of algorithms, specifically for health care practitioners. PubMed recently began using artificial intelligence to improve the sorting of search results using a Best Match option. In 2020, PubMed deployed this algorithm as the default search method, necessitating serious discussion around the ethics of this and similar algorithms, as users do not always know when an algorithm uses artificial intelligence, what artificial intelligence is, and how it may impact their everyday tasks. These implications resonate strongly in health care, in which the speed and relevancy of search results is crucial but does not negate the importance of a lack of bias in how those search results are selected or presented to the user. As a health care provider will not often venture past the first few results in search of a clinical decision, will Best Match help them find the answers they need more quickly? Or will the algorithm bias their results, leading to the potential suppression of more recent or relevant results?  相似文献   

The trend of civil engineering since Franklin     

Abel Wolman 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1938,226(3):413-428

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Saturation relations in mixtures of sucrose,dextrose, and levulose     

Richard F. Jackson  Clara Gillis Silsbee 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1924,198(4):546-547

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Constructing educational quality in the Arab region: a bottom-up critique of regional educational governance     

Clara Morgan 《Globalisation, Societies & Education》2017,15(4):499-517

The article challenges the deficit view in which education in the Arab region is portrayed by examining the process of educational regionalisation. It takes as its case study the Arab Regional Agenda for Improving Educational Quality in order to explore the construction of an educational quality space that uses data as a governance model. Drawing on critical theory and evidence collected from 70 interviews, I argue that such approaches promote globalised versions of what quality education means remaining blind to context. I suggest that improving educational quality in the region entails creating responsive approaches grounded in political and socio-economic contexts.  相似文献   

Teaching Design in Middle-School: Instructors’ Concerns and Scaffolding Strategies     

Yael M. Bamberger  Clara S. Cahill 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2013,22(2):171-185

This study deals with engineering education in the middle-school level. Its focus is instructors’ concerns in teaching design, as well as scaffolding strategies that can help teachers deal with these concerns. Through participatory action research, nine instructors engaged in a process of development and instruction of a curriculum about energy along with engineering design. A 50-h curriculum was piloted during a summer camp for 38 middle-school students. Data was collected through instructors’ materials: observation field notes, daily reflections and post-camp discussions. In addition, students’ artifacts and planning graphical models were collected in order to explore how instructors’ concerns were aligned with students’ learning. Findings indicate three main tensions that reflect instructors’ main concerns: how to provide sufficient scaffolding yet encourage creativity, how to scaffold hands-on experiences that promote mindful planning, and how to scaffold students’ modeling practices. Pedagogical strategies for teaching design that developed through this work are described, as well as the ways they address the National Research Council (A framework for K-12 science education: practices, crosscutting concepts, and core ideas. National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 2011) core ideas of engineering education and the International Technological Literacy standards (ITEA in Standards for technological literacy, 3rd edn. International Technology education Association, Reston, VA, 2007).  相似文献   

Educational/Instructional Media     

Philip Hills  John Gilbert  Anne Howe  A.J. Romiszowski  John W. Ellison  Clara DiFelice 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(9):180-182

The Spread of Educational Technology edited by Philip Hills and John Gilbert (London: Kogan Page/New York: Nichols Publishing, 1977—$27.50)

International Yearbook of Educational and Instructional Technolo. 1978/79 compiled and edited by Anne Howe and A.J. Romiszowski (London: Kogan Page/New York: Nichols Publishing, l978—$23.50)

Educational Film Locator (New York: R.R. Bowker, 1978—$45.00)

Graduate Degree Programs in Instructional Technology 1978-79 by John W. Ellison and Clara DiFelice (1978, 152 pp.,—$4.50, paper)

Learning via Telecommunications (1978, 80 pp.r–$8.95, paper)

The Politics of Interconnection: A History of Public Television at the National Level by Robert K. Avery and Robert Pepper (1979, 66 pp.—$3.00, paper),

The Nixon Administration Papers on Public Broadcasting (1979, —$5.00, paper)

AVMP 1979: Audiovisual Market Place: A Multimedia Guide (New York: R.R. Bowker, 1979— price not given, but about $24.00, paper)

Charles Callaci Learning Through Television: A Handbook of Principles (Ramo II Publishers, Box 352, Chino, Ca 9l710—price not given, paper)

Whitney North Seymour, Jr. and Elizabeth N. Layne For the People: Fighting for Public Libraries (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1979—$8.95)  相似文献   

Practical Guides     

Kensinger Jones  Carole Howard  Wilma Mathews  Clara Degen  Stanley R. Alten  Thomas Burrows 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(4-5):51-52

CABLE ADVERTISING: NEW WAYS TO NEW BUSINESS by Kensinger Jones, et al. (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1986—price not given)

ON DEADLINE: MANAGING MEDIA RELATIONS by Carole Howard and Wilma Mathews (New York: Longman, 1985—price not given)

MEGARATES: HOW TO GET TOP DOLLAR FOR YOUR SPOTS (Washington: National Association of Broadcasters, 1986—price not given, paper)

UNDERSTANDING AND USING VIDEO: A GUIDE FOR THE ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATOR edited by Clara Degen (New York: Longman, 1985—price not given)

AUDIO IN MEDIA by Stanley R. Alten (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1986—$32.50)

TELEVISION PRODUCTION: DISCIPLINES AND TECHNIQUES by Thomas Burrows and Donald Wood (Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Brown, 1986—price not given, paper)

RADIO BROADCASTING: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE SOUND MEDIUM by Robert L. Hilliard (New York: Longman, 1986—price not given, paper)  相似文献   

Global competition,coloniality, and the geopolitics of knowledge in higher education     

Riyad A. Shahjahan  Clara Morgan 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2016,37(1):92-109

While scholars have analyzed global higher education (HE) competition, they have largely failed to address how global spaces of equivalence are tied both to coloniality and to competition. Using the OECD’s International Assessment of Higher Education Learning Outcomes (AHELO) as a case study and drawing on concepts from coloniality including Fanon’s zone of being/non-being and Mignolo’s geopolitics of knowledge, we reveal how coloniality underpins the desire for global spaces of equivalence through: the desire for opportunity and belonging; and the desire for recognition and pride. We illuminate how the nature of global competition is not simply tied to market-based economic or political rationalities, but also operates under psychosocial dimensions interlinked with belonging in the international community. We argue that AHELO represents the mediation and internalization of a HE competition focused on teaching and learning, which reproduces coloniality by valuing characteristics of the enterprising, globally competitive institution.  相似文献   

The spectacle of global tests in the Arabian Gulf: a comparison of Qatar and the United Arab Emirates*     

Clara Morgan 《比较教育学》2018,54(3):285-308

Although scholars have examined the effects of global tests on national and regional educational governance, few researchers have studied their impact on education in the Arabian Gulf. This research fills the knowledge gap by studying the international spectacle of PISA, TIMSS and PIRLS results in Qatar and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) – two small rich states at the periphery of knowledge production processes. I argue that an analysis of these narratives reveals how global accountability discourses are translated into the Arabian Gulf context as truth claims that performance in league tables is an accurate and objective representation of educational quality. Four themes emerge from the analysis: integration of test results into national visions; measurement of educational progress based on test results; ranking of student performance; and policy changes to improve test results. In conclusion, I suggest that the over-dependence on global tests in defining educational quality in Qatar and the UAE erodes educational sovereignty and restricts the capacity of small states to develop and nurture alternative, indigenous and localised solutions for guiding educational reforms.  相似文献