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61.
62.
The current study took a person-centered approach to examine the heterogeneity of changes in children’s emotions and persistence during a goal-blocking task and examined how different profiles of emotions and persistence related to children’s self-regulation. Children’s anger, sadness, and persistence were rated in a goal-blocking task in toddlerhood (T1; N = 140, 72 boys, Mage = 2.67 years, 90.7% White) and preschool (T2). Children’s self-regulation, specifically sustained attention and engagement, was assessed at T1, T2, and early school-age (T3) from 2005 to 2012. Growth mixture modeling revealed two classes of children at T1 and three classes at T2 with different patterns of anger, sadness, and persistence. Children’s classification at T2, but not T1, significantly predicted their sustained attention and engagement both concurrently and longitudinally. 相似文献
63.
Continuing education programs for health care professionals who practice in geriatrics are an important part of improving the health care provided to older adults. Programs utilizing active forms of learning that mimic the clinical environment are more successful at changing the behavior of health care professionals than traditional didactic styles of teaching. Problem-based learning methods allow learners to identify their own areas of strength and weakness and to work toward improvement in a manner best suited to their needs. This article describes an interdisciplinary team of educator-clinicians in geriatrics who developed clinical case studies embodying these approaches as one method of improving the learning process for adult health care providers. An actual sample case study is presented as an illustration of the principles embodied in this process. Lessons learned from the development and use of these case studies are summarized in the context of improving the quality of continuing education programs for health care professionals in geriatric practice. 相似文献
64.
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66.
Daniel W. Kee Susan Nakayama Siaw Linda Carter 《Contemporary educational psychology》1985,10(3):268-274
An experiment was conducted to evaluate constructive memory in fourth-grade low-SES black and middle-SES white children. The children were read nine short passages; each passage was composed of two premise statements and a filler sentence. The children were tested by a recognition procedure. Thirty-six test sentences were presented randomly. Four sentences were associated with each passage (true premise, false premise, true inference, and false inference). Subjects were asked to make yes/no recognition decisions based on whether the test sentence was identical to a sentence presented at study. Middle-SES white children made few errors, except to true inference test sentences. This pattern of performance is consistent with the constructive view of memory. Low-SES black children also had a high error rate to true inference items. However, this outcome may not reflect constructive memory because they also had a high error rate to some of the other types of test sentences. 相似文献
67.
Are there important aspects of human ability that we have not been measuring? What are the purposes and types of audio that are possible in computerized tests? Will the use of audio in computer‐based tests lead to more valid and reliable measurement? 相似文献
68.
Susan Carter 《高等教育研究与发展》2017,36(7):1515-1517
69.
秦仁昌 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1964,9(1):31-36
The fern genus Diplaziopsis C. Chr. of Index Filicum has long been considered as
a monotypic one, with the sole species, D. javanica (B1.) C. Chr. from tropical Asia. In
1906, H. Christ described a second species, Allantodia cavaleriana Christ (=D. cavale-
riana C. Chr.) from Kweichow, West China, but this was since not fully recognized by
fern students in general, being often considered as a variety of the first species. This
is certainly a mistake, as is shown by ample herbarium specimens today. In the recent
work on the genus, the writer has found among the herbarium material two additional
new species from China, thus bringing the genus up to four species in Asia, mainly from
China, where, as it is, the genus has its center of development from the long past.
Phylogenetically, Diplaziopsis C. Chr. represents one of the offshoots from the great
stock of diplazioid ferns, of which the genus Diplazium Sw. constitutes the main body
of the group and from which our genus differs chiefly in its leaves of a thin texture with
reticulated venation, but not so much in its type of indusium as it has generally been
emphasized by most botanists in the past, for, as it is, the type of indusium in Di-
plaziopsis also prevails in many species of Diplazium, for which C. B. Clarke (Trans.
Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. I:495, 1880) created, but really superfluously, a subgenus Pseudal-
lantodia, about which the writer will dwell in another paper in the near future. Suffice
it to say here that the indusium in Diplaziopsis as revealed by the species treated here
is, indeed, typical of diplazioid ferns, only often, as it happens, with its adaxial edge
pressed so tight under the expanding sorus that it is unable to open freely along its upper
free edge and, as a result, its thin vaulted back bursts open from the pressure of the ex-
panding sorus underneath.
As a result of the present study, following four species of the genus have been re-
cognized.
Diplaziopsis javanica (B1.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 227.
Wide spread in tropical Asia, northwardly to Bakbo and the southern part of Yun-
nan, China.
D. cavaleriana (Christ) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. Suppl. I (1913) 25.
Ranges from West China through northern part of Fukien of East China to Japan.
D. intermedia Ching, sp. nov.
Endemic in West China: Mt. Omei, Szechuan, and Kweichow.
D. hainanensis Ching, sp. nov.
In conclusion, it may be pointed out that with the modern plant taxonomy pursued
in a more efficient manner than in the past, and especially by the introduction of the
cytotaxonomic methods, the so-called “monotypic genera”, as conceived by the orthodox
systematists, will continue to prove, to a great extent, to be lack of enough scientific
ground. The fact that the “monotypic genus” of Diplaziopsis C. Chr. is now found to
be a genus of four well-defined species is once again an instance to illustrate the pointat issue. 相似文献
70.
The present paper aims at clarifying the identity of Asplenium varians Wall. and its related species for the forthcoming Flora of China vol. 4. Wide-spread in the northern, north-western and south-western parts of China and adjacent regions and growing in exposed rock crevices is the group of ferns in question, which has hi-
therto been taxonomically confused in the botanical literature. Many distinct and related species were previously identified as Aspl. varians, a most wide-spread fern with very variable fronds which may vary from 10 to 30 cm in height and from simply pinnate to fully bipinnate in the degree of pinnation in a single clump under different habitats. 相似文献