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Marie-Laure Viallon Delphine Martinot 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2009,24(2):191-205
A considerable body of research has shown that being the only representative of one’s gender group (solo status) when performing
an activity affects women more than men. The aim of our two experiments was to show that the performance context can moderate
the effects of numerical status (majority vs. solo) on performance and that men can also be disadvantaged by solo status.
Our proposal is that a groupwork context which makes the “leader” stereotype more salient will be more beneficial to men while
an intergender comparison context in a typically feminine thematic field will tend to favor women. To test this hypothesis,
the numerical status of the women and men was manipulated while they were performing a task presented as a human and social
sciences test in either a groupwork or intergender comparison context. As expected, the solo women were less successful in
the groupwork context than in the intergender comparison context (Experiment 1) whereas the solo men were less successful
in the intergender comparison context than in the groupwork context (Experiment 2). The role of the performance context and
the gender stereotypes that it foregrounds seems to be a key factor in the effects of solo status on performance. 相似文献
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Delphine Thevenet Erwan Leclair Magaly Tardieu-Berger Serge Berthoin Sophie Regueme Jacques Prioux 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(12):1313-1321
Abstract In this study, we examined the effects of three recovery intensities on time spent at a high percentage of maximal oxygen uptake (t90[Vdot]O2max) during a short intermittent session. Eight endurance-trained male adolescents (16 ± 1 years) performed four field tests until exhaustion: a graded test to determine maximal oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2max; 57.4 ± 6.1 ml · min?1 · kg?1) and maximal aerobic velocity (17.9 ± 0.4 km · h?1), and three intermittent exercises consisting of repeat 30-s runs at 105% of maximal aerobic velocity alternating with 30 s active recovery at 50% (IE50), 67% (IE67), and 84% (IE84) of maximal aerobic velocity. In absolute values, mean t90[Vdot]O2max was not significantly different between IE50 and IE67, but both values were significantly longer compared with IE84. When expressed in relative values (as a percentage of time to exhaustion), mean t90[Vdot]O2max was significantly higher during IE67 than during IE50. Our results show that both 50% and 67% of maximal aerobic velocity of active recovery induced extensive solicitation of the cardiorespiratory system. Our results suggest that the choice of recovery intensity depends on the exercise objective. 相似文献
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Delphine Chadefaux Guillaume Rao Jean-Loïc Le Carrou Eric Berton Laurent Vigouroux 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(12):1155-1164
The aim of this article is to characterise the extent to which the dynamic behaviour of a tennis racket is dependent on its mechanical characteristics and the modulation of the player’s grip force. This problem is addressed through steps involving both experiment and modelling. The first step was a free boundary condition modal analysis on five commercial rackets. Operational modal analyses were carried out under “slight”, “medium” and “strong” grip force conditions. Modal frequencies and damping factors were then obtained using a high-resolution method. Results indicated that the dynamic behaviour of a racket is not only determined by its mechanical characteristics, but is also highly dependent on the player’s grip force. Depending on the grip force intensity, the first two bending modes and the first torsional mode frequencies respectively decreased and increased while damping factors increased. The second step considered the design of a phenomenological hand-gripped racket model. This model is fruitful in that it easily predicts the potential variations in a racket’s dynamic behaviour according to the player’s grip force. These results provide a new perspective on the player/racket interaction optimisation by revealing how grip force can drive racket dynamic behaviour, and hence underlining the necessity of taking the player into account in the racket design process. 相似文献
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Eveline van Vugt Nadine Lanctôt Geneviève Paquette Delphine Collin-Vézina Annie Lemieux 《Child abuse & neglect》2014
The current study examined the association between child maltreatment and trauma-related symptoms in emerging adulthood – over and above the incidence of such symptoms and conduct problems during adolescence – among a sample of female adolescents in residential care. This study used data from a longitudinal study. The sample was composed of 89 adolescent females who were first interviewed at time of admission in a residential center (Mage = 15.33 years, SD = 1.31) and later in young adulthood (Mage = 19.27, SD = 1.55). At time 1, trauma-related symptoms were assessed with the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children and conduct problems with a composite measure. At time 2, child maltreatment was assessed retrospectively with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and trauma-related symptoms were reassessed with the Trauma Symptom Inventory-2. Results indicated that child maltreatment, especially emotional abuse and neglect, was related to anxious arousal, depression, and anger in emerging adulthood. This study showed that females from our sample often reported different types of maltreatment during childhood and that these traumatic experiences were significantly associated with poor adult psychological functioning. 相似文献
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C. R. Wilma Delphine Silvia D. M. Vasudevan K. Sudhakar Prabhu 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(1):113-115
The present study was conducted on thirty untreated oral cancer patients proved by clinical and histopathological evidence
and thirty healthy control subjects. The levels of glycoprotein-associated carbohydrates such as hexose, hexosamine, fucose
and sialic acid were found to be elevated significantly as compared to control subjects. There was a progressive rise in these
markers as the stages of oral cancer advanced. 相似文献
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Morphological awareness in developmental dyslexia 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
This study examines morphological awareness in developmental dyslexia. While the poor phonological awareness of dyslexic children
has been related to their difficulty in handling the alphabetical principle, less is known about their morphological awareness,
which also plays an important part in reading development. The aim of this study was to analyze in more detail the implications
of the phonological impairments of dyslexics in dealing with larger units of language such as morphemes. First, the performance
of dyslexic children in a series of morphological tasks was compared with the performance of children matched on reading-level
and chronological age. In all the tasks, the dyslexic group performed below the chronological age control group, suggesting
that morphological awareness cannot be developed entirely independently of reading experience and/or phonological skills.
Comparisons with the reading-age control group indicated that, while the dyslexic children were poorer in the morphemic segmentation
tasks, they performed normally for their reading level in the sentence completion tasks. Furthermore, they produced more derived
words in the production task. This suggests that phonological impairments prevent the explicit segmentation of affixes while
allowing the development of productive morphological knowledge. A second study compared dyslexic subgroups defined by their
degree of phonological impairment. Our results suggest that dyslexics develop a certain type of morphological knowledge, which
they use as a compensatory reading strategy. 相似文献
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Sweta Kulkarni R. Ramesh A. R. Srinivasan C. R. Wilma Delphine Silvia 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2018,33(1):102-107
Preanalytical steps are the major sources of error in clinical laboratory. The analytical errors can be corrected by quality control procedures but there is a need for stringent quality checks in preanalytical area as these processes are done outside the laboratory. Sigma value depicts the performance of laboratory and its quality measures. Hence in the present study six sigma and Pareto principle was applied to preanalytical quality indicators to evaluate the clinical biochemistry laboratory performance. This observational study was carried out for a period of 1 year from November 2015–2016. A total of 1,44,208 samples and 54,265 test requisition forms were screened for preanalytical errors like missing patient information, sample collection details in forms and hemolysed, lipemic, inappropriate, insufficient samples and total number of errors were calculated and converted into defects per million and sigma scale. Pareto`s chart was drawn using total number of errors and cumulative percentage. In 75% test requisition forms diagnosis was not mentioned and sigma value of 0.9 was obtained and for other errors like sample receiving time, stat and type of sample sigma values were 2.9, 2.6, and 2.8 respectively. For insufficient sample and improper ratio of blood to anticoagulant sigma value was 4.3. Pareto`s chart depicts out of 80% of errors in requisition forms, 20% is contributed by missing information like diagnosis. The development of quality indicators, application of six sigma and Pareto`s principle are quality measures by which not only preanalytical, the total testing process can be improved. 相似文献