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Policies for responding to allegations of fraud in research   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Greene PJ  Durch JS  Horwitz W  Hooper VS 《Minerva》1985,23(2):203-215
  相似文献   
94.
<正> §1.图书情报应用数学的简短回顾数学应用于人类的生产、生活,已有悠久的历史,从远古人的结绳记事,到古埃及人的几何丈量术,到古印度人"0"的发明,到我国《周易》的排列算法,数学伴随着人类生产生活中的"数"和"形"的问题愈来愈受到人类的重视.但只到公元前六世纪,这种知识还没有形成具有逻辑关联的体系,因而只能作为数学的萌芽载入史册.从公元前五世纪到十六世纪,逐步完备起来的算术、初等几何、初等代数等,以静止的数和形的简单的组合为研究对象,形成我们现在称的常量数学.十六世纪,"运动"的概念随着天文学和力学的发展进入自然科学的中心课题,这使得变量的概  相似文献   
95.
[目的/意义]通过融合不同来源数据的方式探索社交媒体用户消极使用行为影响因素,为用户健康合理地可持续使用社交媒体提供理论支撑,并为平台改进服务提供参考信息。[方法/过程]对访谈数据进行三级编码,结合爬虫获取的包含部分受访者数据的用户行为轨迹数据分析社交媒体用户消极使用原因,构建社交媒体用户消极使用行为影响因素模型。[结果/结论]通过多源数据融合能够解决单一来源数据有效性不足问题。研究发现外部环境因素(任务情境、信息过载、社交过载、不良言论)和平台因素(系统功能、品牌形象、付费服务)通过内部个人因素(信息需求、认知差异、负面情绪、使用成本、使用习惯、隐私关注)影响用户使用社交媒体,产生潜水、屏蔽、间歇使用、转移、退出和抵制等不同程度的消极使用行为,一定程度上反映了用户作为弱势对象在技术环境下的自我保护。  相似文献   
96.
艰涩的古汉语文法和线性的内容呈现方式是普通读者从史籍原文获取所需信息的两大障碍。该问题的解决需要实现史书知识重组与形式再造,即支持从时间、人物、地点等多个维度出发获取史书中的知识,并以图结构的方式呈现所返回的结构化知识以及对应的史书原文,从而在降低相关信息的获取与理解难度的同时,拉近读者与史籍原文的距离。然而,目前基于史书原文获取结构化知识的研究较少,已有研究自动化程度较低,且多在可视化呈现上与史书原文相割裂。因此,本研究提出并实现了史书多维知识重组与可视化系统,该系统包括史书多维知识建模、基于古籍智能处理技术的史书多维知识库自动构建与多维知识可视化三部分。最终将该系统应用于我国第一部纪传体史书《史记》,实现了其以人物、时间、地点、社会集团、职官等不同维度为中心的自动重组与可视化。  相似文献   
97.
The successful delivery of health care involves a commitment to improved communication both with regard to health professionals and the public. The need for innovative educational patterns is implicit in the recommendations of the latest Carnegie Commission Report, Higher Education and the Nation's Health.The new technology of videorecording permits the learner to learn at a time and place of his own choosing. Information is transmitted through the cathode ray tube-a television set-the medium of our time. The videorecord is of significant value in the basic and clinical sciences, in training personnel for allied health professions, and in continuing education. It is thoroughly compatible with the new concept of the open university, an institution without walls.In addition to its unquestioned value in educational programs in the health sciences, the videorecord has major implications for the curriculum in librarianship and for increasing the professional competence of medical librarians and their ancillaries. The medical librarian has a major stake in its imaginative use for overcoming some of the barriers to individual and community health.  相似文献   
98.
Science Citation Index is one of a number of indexes based on the assumption that the papers cited by one author refer to work which is relevant to the subject discussed by the author citing them. Cleverdon, however, has questioned that assumption, and it was to test the assumption that this research was undertaken. An attempt was made to determine what percent of articles cited were related to the citing article. The conclusion reached was that in the field of medicine approximately 72 percent of the cited papers were considered related to the original paper by the authors of the original, thus apparently bearing out the assumption for citation indexing.  相似文献   
99.
The immediate circumstances of the new Broadcasting Act are discussed. The impact of this legislation on schools broadcasting is then considered in relation to the history of earlier legislation in the UK, and the early responses to the Television Act of 1954. The importance of the personnel involved in television production and their commitment to the values of public service is stressed, and placed against the gloomier forebodings of the pessimists of the past‐‐and of today. The article concludes with the assertion that it is the people in the television industry itself, and the values they hold, that will ensure the continued survival of good schools television.  相似文献   
100.
Time series analysis was used to investigate the hypothesis that during acquisition of a motor skill, knowledge of results (KR) information is used to generate a stable internal referent about which response errors are randomly distributed. Sixteen subjects completed 50 acquisition trials of each of three movements whose spatial-temporal characteristics differed. Acquisition trials were either blocked, with each movement being presented in series, or randomized, with the presentation of movements occurring in random order. Analysis of movement time data indicated the contextual interference effect reported in previous studies was replicated in the present experiment. Time series analysis of the acquisition trial data revealed the majority of individual subject response patterns during blocked trials were best described by a model with a temporarily stationary, internal reference of the criterion and systematic, trial-to-trial variation of response errors. During random trial conditions, response patterns were usually best described by a "White-noise" model. This model predicts a permanently stationary, internal reference associated with randomly distributed response errors that are unaffected by KR information. These results are not consistent with previous work using time series analysis to describe motor behavior (Spray & Newell, 1986).  相似文献   
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