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991.
Sila-substitution (C/Si-exchange) of drugs is one of the approaches currently used in the search for new biologically active organosilicon compounds. Replacement of specific carbon atoms in drugs by silicon results in changes in chemical and physicochemical properties as well as in the structure. As a consequence, the biological properties, such as pharmacological potency and selectivity and toxicity, may be influenced. Systematic sila-substitution seems to be a useful and efficient strategy in drug design and should be regarded as a complementary tool for the development of new drugs.  相似文献   
992.
Phytochrome and chloroplast development   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The regular development of plants depends upon their correct interpretation of photosignals from the environment. The most important sensor pigment involved in this process is the chromoprotein phytochrome. This article reviews the role of phytochrome with particular reference to experiments carried out with seedlings of the mustard plant (Sinapis alba L.).  相似文献   
993.
For more than three centuries broadsheets were an important means of quickly disseminating and commenting on the news of the day. They depicted a wide range of events of historical significance, including some of the more striking celestial phenomena such as the appearance of comets. Those that survive often do no more than repeat knowledge that can readily be gained from conventional sources but some have proved of direct value in making astronomical computations and deductions.  相似文献   
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This paper examines whether women and men publish journal articles at a level comparable with their representation within the social sciences. The paper also explores sex differences in patterns of single authorship and co-authorship. To do so, demographic data of the UK social sciences is compared with a sample of UK-authored journal articles. The findings of the study show that, overall, female academics contribute to a lower proportion of journal articles than the proportion of academic staff that they constitute. However, within certain disciplines (social policy and psychology) women publish articles at a level comparable with the proportion of the discipline that they constitute. These findings, it is argued, can be helpfully understood as both cause and consequence of the gendered academy.  相似文献   
999.
In Germany, different types of university-level institutions are available for tertiary education: traditional universities (Universit?ten) and??since the 1970s??universities of applied science (Fachhochschulen) as well as universities of cooperative education (Berufsakademien). The present study investigates differences in key areas related to students?? academic choices and success: do students at different types of university differ significantly in terms of cognitive performance, personality or social background? We compared N?=?1.230 students at traditional universities, universities of applied science, and universities of cooperative education (Baden-W??rttemberg Cooperative State University) on the basis of a large scale longitudinal study in the German federal state of Baden-W??rttemberg. Students of the different university types differed significantly in all three key areas (cognitive performance, personality, and social background) within the fields of technical sciences and economics. We determine the relative importance of these key areas for differences between university types and we discuss the implications of our findings.  相似文献   
1000.
Non-formal education has received little attention by empirical research so far. Drawing on a representative study of confirmation work in the Protestant Church in Germany (7404 adolescents, aged 13?C14, and 1430 workers in 520 groups) a multi-level analysis predicts relevant factors for success on the level of individuals (confirmands) as well as on the group level. Criteria variables are the experience of participation, an increase in knowledge, interest in youth-groups and the experience of community. The predictors related to differences between the groups account for a high share of variance (between 11 and 22%). On the individual level, all four predictors (gender, group experience, religiosity, cultural background) are statistically significant. A context effect is identified concerning religiosity. The pedagogical aims and activities contribute to the explanation of variance to a considerable degree.  相似文献   
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