Supporting Programming and Learning-to-Program with an Integrated CAD and Scaffolding Workbench*   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mark Guzdial  Luke Hohmann  Michael Konneman  Christopher Walton  Elliot Soloway 《Interactive Learning Environments》2013,21(1-2):143-179

Programming is a complex cognitive task for students, because of the difficulty of finding the appropriate elements (the “decomposition” problem) and integrating them correctly into a whole (the “composition” problem). Programming is also hard to learn, because so much of the thinking behind a program is implicit and the process of programming is long and complicated. Our approach is to integrate a computer-aided design tool (CAD) with scaffolding to create a single, cohesive, and coherent workbench for the entire process. Our workbench is called the GPCeditor. We have evaluated its use by high-school students. Our results suggest that students program well in the GPCeditor, they learn good programming practices, and that the learning is occurring through use of the GPCeditor.  相似文献   

An approach to research on distance learning   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Perc Marland 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》1989,20(3):173-182

Distance education literature contains little discussion of paradigms suitable to researching learning at a distance. This is a pity, since the existence of clearly defined paradigms can offer considerable benefits to researchers in the field. In this article, the author discusses the meaning of the term 'paradigm' and advances the value of having clearly defined paradigms, as well as outlining a hybrid paradigm for research on student learning. This builds on a socio-anthropological paradigm used in research on student learning at the tertiary level and incorporates the mediating process paradigm for teaching effectiveness research. Although the paradigm could be used to study learning in a variety of contexts, here the author explores its application in distance learning research, and, in particular, in the investigation of how distance students learn from textual material.  相似文献   

I. INTRODUCTION     

Audun Dahl  Matthew Gingo  Kevin Uttich  Elliot Turiel 《Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development》2018,83(3):7-30

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Students’ evaluations about climate change     

Doug Lombardi  Carol B. Brandt  Elliot S. Bickel  Colin Burg 《International Journal of Science Education》2016,38(8):1392-1414

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A Review of the Literature on Implications of Teacher Thinking Research for Preservice Teacher Education     

P.W. Marland 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》1993,21(1):51-63

Research on teacher thinking has been under way now for well over a decade. Implications of this research for the education of preservice teachers have been considered by a small but growing number of writers. This material appears to have received only scant attention in the literature on reform in teacher education, even though it bears directly on the contemporary search for more effective ways of preparing teachers to be reflective professionals rather than mere technicians. The paper begins with a brief discussion of the nature of teacher thinking research and its conceptual underpinnings. The rest of the paper considers implications and reform in teacher education.  相似文献   

A secretary in the classroom     

Elliot W. Eisner 《Teaching and Teacher Education》1986,2(4)

The following article utilizes methods of educational connoisseurship and educational criticism to describe, interpret, appraise, and thematize the videotape of U.S. Secretary of Education, William Bennett teaching Federalist Paper No. 10 to a group of high school students. The aim of this approach to the study of classroom practice is to give the reader a vivid picture of what has transpired, to try to account for what has been described, to appraise the educational significance of what has occurred, and to extract from the particular situation general themes having import for other educational situations. The following article is a vignette, a short sketch. It was written from a videotape, not a “real” classroom. Nevertheless, it attempts to portray the qualities, significance, and educational meaning of the lesson.  相似文献   

The role of personal best (PB) and dichotomous achievement goals in students’ academic motivation and engagement: a longitudinal investigation     

Andrew J. Martin  Andrew J. Elliot 《教育心理学》2016,36(7):1285-1302

This study assessed the role of prior personal best goals in predicting subsequent academic motivation and engagement. A total of 1160 high school students participated in a longitudinal survey study exploring the extent to which personal best and mastery and performance (dichotomous) achievement goals predict students’ academic motivation and engagement across the course of a full academic year. Findings showed that personal best goals predicted higher motivation and engagement a year later. Along with personal best goals, mastery goals also predicted higher motivation and engagement, while the role of performance goals was either neutral or negative. These findings provide support for the contention that personal best goals are associated with higher motivation and engagement across time.  相似文献   

God's Word, Religious Rules, and Their Relation to Christian and Jewish Children's Concepts of Morality   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Larry Nucci  Elliot Turiel 《Child development》1993,64(5):1475-1491

2 studies were conducted of children's concepts of moral and nonmoral religious rules. In Study 1, 64 Amish-Mennonite children (ages 10, 12, 14, 16) were asked to evaluate 4 moral and 7 nonmoral religious rules as to rule alterability, generalizability, and whether the status of the acts was contingent on the word of God. As a second aspect of Study 1, 64 Dutch Reform Calvinist children were asked to determine whether God's commands could make a harmful act morally right. Study 2 replicated the basic design of Study 1 with 64 Conservative and 32 Orthodox Jewish children. Findings were that subjects differentiated between moral and nonmoral religious issues. Moral rules and some nonmoral rules were seen as nonalterable by religious authorities. The status of moral (but not nonmoral) acts was generalized to members outside the religion and was not viewed as contingent on the existence of statements from God. Judgments regarding moral issues were justified in terms of justice and human welfare considerations; nonmoral issues were evaluated in terms of their normative status. Some denominational and age effects were found. Findings supported the proposition that social knowledge is constructed within conceptual systems that represent fundamental categories of social experience.  相似文献   

Children's Judgments about Psychological Harm in Social Context     

Charles C. Helwig  Carolyn Hildebrandt  Elliot Turiel 《Child development》1995,66(6):1680-1693

72 children, ages 6 to 11 years, were presented with a series of stories involving psychological harm (name-calling) in a game context. Situations were presented in which intentions, consequences, and game context were varied, along with order of story presentation. Comparisons between acts of physical and psychological harm were also conducted. Although responses in some conditions were influenced by order of presentation, age differences were found in children's evaluations of agents' actions and recipients' reactions for psychological harm in game contexts. Younger children were more likely to ignore intentions and consequences or the recipient's perspective and to focus on contextual features (e.g., game rules). Older children were more likely to base their evaluations on intentions, or both intentions and consequences, and to take into account the recipient's perspective. Game context interacted differentially with psychological and physical harm at all ages. Evaluations of acts of physical harm were more likely than acts of psychological harm to be transformed by game context.  相似文献   

Multivariate Behavioral Genetic Analysis of Parenting in Early Childhood     

Amanda K. Cheung  K. Paige Harden  Elliot M. Tucker-Drob 《Parenting, science and practice》2016,16(4):257-283

Objective. Caregivers play an important role in child development; in addition to instilling their norms and values in their children through socialization, caregivers modify their parenting practices in response to children’s characteristics. Previous studies have documented child genetic effects on parenting behaviors, but multivariate behavioral genetic examinations of parenting are scarce. Design. The current study examined the multivariate structure of child genetic and environmental influences on parenting in a sample of 236 individual twins aged 0–5 years, providing a total of 542 observations. Results. “Shared environments” (between-family environmental differences that are shared by twins reared in the same home, including parental characteristics, family socioeconomic status, and neighborhood characteristics) account for the majority of variation in parenting practices, whereas child genetic effects are more modest and occur more on specific parenting practices. Conclusion. Caregivers generally engage in similar parenting across children reared together and, at the same time, adjust their broad parenting approach and particularly their specific practices in response to genetically driven child characteristics. Future research may benefit from using a multidimensional framework to examine the different components and age-related transformations in these parent-driven and child-driven processes.  相似文献