Considering research paradigms in environmental education     

Martha C. Monroe  Alison E. Adams  Alison Greenaway 《Environmental Education Research》2019,25(3):309-313

The benefits of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed research methodologies are often emphasized in undergraduate and graduate training about producing and analysing data. Less often discussed are the philosophies of research that can be used to explore environmental education. To help introduce students to the ways such paradigms lead to different insights and lines of inquiry, we offer a supplementary reading of a natural resource management program seen through the lenses of four different research philosophies. The program engages biological and social scientists as they work to increase native biodiversity in Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand and share successes with other regions. We argue that the benefits of training students to appreciate research possibilities via multiple research paradigms could improve the way we work together and collaborate with colleagues in other disciplines. Students are better equipped to select, develop, and defend appropriate research questions and paradigms. Also, the potential for environmental education research activity that complements project-specific data collection is great, as with most natural resource projects. In sum, improving our collective awareness of paradigmatic perspectives will help improve communication and understanding as we all work in the transformation of education, ecosystems and human communities.  相似文献   

Checking the United Nations: A Checklist Evaluation of United Nations Specialized Agencies Serial Publications     

Amalia Monroe 《资料收集管理》2013,38(2):83-100

During the spring and summer of 2008 the University of Kansas (KU) Libraries conducted a collection evaluation study on the serial sales publications issued by United Nations (UN) specialized agencies. After a checklist was compiled, KU holdings were compared to the list to develop a record of UN specialized agency serial publication holdings at KU. The goal was to identify both electronic and print holdings within this specific collection. The project also sought publications that were freely available electronically for the purpose of expanding the KU international government information collection while increasing neither the serials budget nor the physical size of the collection.  相似文献   

Why are we here? Managing the meaning of an organizational mission statement     

Gail T. Fairhurst  Jerry Monroe Jordan  Kurt Neuwirth 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(4):243-263

The purpose of this study was to identify and test the influences that lead individuals to actively manage the meaning of a company Mission Statement. Communication about a company Mission Statement was hypothesized to be a function of an individual's information environment, level of work unit commitment, trust in management, and organizational role. The Management of Meaning Scale (MMS) was developed to assess specific meaning management behaviors. The MMS was cast as the chief dependent variable in a path analysis using LISREL. The general model was well supported. Implications for practices associated with Mission Statement implementation are discussed.  相似文献   

CLASSROOM RESEARCH AND EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING: THREE SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCES‐INVOLVEMENT IN PSYCHOLOGY     

Martha M. Ewing 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(3):327-338

The teaching‐learning paradigm that is experientially student‐centered was integrated into the original curriculum development of psychology at Collin County Community College. As a result of the emphasis on active learning from the department's inception, the administration and faculty have been able to observe, ask, review, and evaluate the experiential approach. Based on the data from these sources as well as national research, there appears to be a strong indication that indeed students do learn, grow, persist, and enjoy higher education more when they are actively involved in the learning process.

There are four elements that the department has employed to try to achieve student involvement: a laboratory component, extensive writing to learn, classroom research, and business/industrial linkages through internships. These four elements are inseparable in our educational process as the laboratory and internships require written reports, and the written assignments demonstrate the student's ability to communicate knowledge, understand method of inquiry, and give feedback on the learning process. Two courses, General Psychology and Life‐span Psychology are detailed in the article.

Evaluations conducted over the past three years are included which show active participation by the student in the learning process does promote synthesis and integration of theoretical knowledge as well as promoting the opportunity for students to think critically, creatively, and apply the knowledge to their own lives.  相似文献   

A numerical study on distributions during cryoprotectant loading caused by laminar flow in a microchannel     

T. Scherr  S. Pursley  W. T. Monroe  K. Nandakumar 《Biomicrofluidics》2013,7(2)

In this work, we conduct a computational study on the loading of cryoprotective agents into cells in preparation for cryopreservation. The advantages of microfluidics in cryopreserving cells include control of fluid flow parameters for reliable cryoprotectant loading and reproducible streamlined processing of samples. A 0.25 m long, three inlet T-junction microchannel serves as an idealized environment for this process. The flow field and concentration distribution are determined from a computational fluid dynamics study and cells are tracked as inert particles in a Lagrangian frame. These particles are not confined to streamlines but can migrate laterally due to the Segre-Sildeberg effect for particles in a shear flow. During this tracking, the local concentration field surrounding the cell is monitored. This data are used as input into the Kedem-Katchalsky equations to numerically study passive solute transport across the cell membrane. As a result of the laminar flow, each cell has a unique pathline in the flow field resulting in different residence times and a unique external concentration field along its path. However, in most previous studies, the effect of a spatially varying concentration field on the transport across the cell membrane is ignored. The dynamics of this process are investigated for a population of cells released from the inlet. Using dimensional analysis, we find a governing parameter α, which is the ratio of the time scale for membrane transport to the average residence time in the channel. For α <  = 0.224, cryoprotectant loading is completed to within 5% of the target concentration for all of the cells. However, for α > 0.224, we find the population of cells does not achieve complete loading and there is a distribution of intracellular cryoprotective agent concentration amongst the population. Further increasing α beyond a value of 2 leads to negligible cryoprotectant loading. These simulations on populations of cells may lead to improved microfluidic cryopreservation protocols where more consistent cryoprotective agent loading and freezing can be achieved, thus increasing cell survival.  相似文献   

Race and Gender Differences in Children's Socialization into Sport     

Susan L. Greendorfer  Martha E. Ewing 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):301-310

Abstract

In order to determine whether race and gender differences occurred in children's socialization into sport, a fixed alternative questionnaire was administered to 193 males (46 black and 147 white) and 222 females (69 black and 153 white) between the ages of 9 and 12 years. Results from several discriminant function analyses indicated that white children are more influenced by specific agents of socialization while black children are more influenced by situational or contextual variables, such as opportunity set and values toward sport. Gender differences appear to be a function of same-sex agents of socialization. However, those agents which most influence white children are not those that most influence black children.  相似文献   

Use of Intellective and Non-Intellective Factors in Classifying Female Elementary and Secondary Teacher Trainees     

John M. Ivanoff  Gerald D Monroe  Sister M. Marita 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(4):55-61

Undergraduates (N = 94) enrolled in an educational psychology course read an assigned article of about 3, 700 words. A 30-item multiple-choice test was then administered and followed by one of four treatments: 1.) no feedback, 2.) immediate feedback, 3.) one day or, 4.) seven days delayed feedback. A retention test, consisting of the original items and distractors randomly reordered, was administered seven days after the feedback. No overall differences in performance were observed. Likewise, there were no significant differences for the test items analyzed according to initial performance or according to item difficulty. Questionnaire data indicated that immediate feedback stimulated the most rereading. These results bring into question the importance of controlling feedback intervals carefully in applied instructional settings.  相似文献   

SENIOR CISE : A PRINT EXERCISE INTERVENTION FOR OLDER ADULTS     

Nicole D. Jones  Michelle R. Della Corte  Claudio R. Nigg  Phillip G. Clark  Patricia M. Burbank  Cindy Padula  Carol Ewing Garber 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(8):717-728

This study was conducted to examine the efficacy of an inexpensive educational print exercise intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) for older adults. Secondary objectives of this study were to examine the quality of the print intervention and possible ways to improve it through survey techniques. This was a posttest survey design. Information about the Senior cise booklet was distributed to senior housing communities and recreation centers throughout Rhode Island. One hundred thirty-three posters and 5,280 pamphlets with return postcards for ordering the Senior cise booklet were delivered over a period of nine months. Individuals who requested the booklet were contacted via telephone two weeks following mailing to assess the efficacy and quality of the booklet. Ninety-eight individuals requested the booklet and 61 participants completed the evaluation (mean age = 73 - 5.3 years; 77.1% female). The majority of participants found the booklet of good quality, stated that it created an interest, and said it inspired them to actually engage in physical activity. Survey participants cited only a few main good points and negative points about the booklet in general. The use of an inexpensive educational print intervention (Senior cise ) based on the TTM was well received and successful in engaging older adults to consider and participate in physical activity. The positive and negative points cited about the booklet will allow other researchers a better insight into what can make educational print interventions successful. Experimental research designs are recommended to evaluate more fully the efficacy of future exercise based print interventions.  相似文献   

Analysis of accelerometer-derived interpersonal spatial proximities: A calibration,simulation, and validation study     

Aston K. McCullough  Bryan S. Keller  Shumin Qiu  Carol Ewing Garber 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2018,22(3):275-286

The purpose of this study was to estimate distances from accelerometer-derived Bluetooth signals as a measure of interpersonal spatial proximity. Accelerometer-derived proximity data were collected indoors and outdoors over a 10m range to calibrate simulation models. Proximity data were simulated over 20m (indoor) and 50m (outdoor) ranges. Competing statistical and machine learning models were used to predict simulated distances; the Root-Mean-Square-Error (RMSE) was calculated. Simulation estimates were validated under conditions wherein a single beacon-receiver (SBR) and multiple beacons-receivers (MBR) collected proximity data indoors and outdoors within a ≤10m range. Simulation data showed that a Random Forest (RF) model performed optimally. The validated RF RMSE was ≤2.7 for SBR, and ≥90% of predicted distances were accurately classified as ≤10m. For MBR, ≥67% of predicted distances were accurately classified as ≤10m. Simulation and validation data suggest that distances can be estimated from accelerometer-derived proximity data within a 20m range using a SBR.  相似文献   

Performance of Person-Fit Statistics Under Model Misspecification     

Seong Eun Hong  Scott Monroe  Carl F. Falk 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2020,57(3):423-442

In educational and psychological measurement, a person-fit statistic (PFS) is designed to identify aberrant response patterns. For parametric PFSs, valid inference depends on several assumptions, one of which is that the item response theory (IRT) model is correctly specified. Previous studies have used empirical data sets to explore the effects of model misspecification on PFSs. We further this line of research by using a simulation study, which allows us to explore issues that may be of interest to practitioners. Results show that, depending on the generating and analysis item models, Type I error rates at fixed values of the latent variable may be greatly inflated, even when the aggregate rates are relatively accurate. Results also show that misspecification is most likely to affect PFSs for examinees with extreme latent variable scores. Two empirical data analyses are used to illustrate the importance of model specification.  相似文献