Factors Related to Rural Young Adolescents' Participation in Outdoor,Noncompetitive Physical Activity     

Richard W. Christiana  Marsha Davis  Mark G. Wilson  Frances A. McCarty  Gary T. Green 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):509-518

Purpose: Young adolescents who have little interest in participating in competitive team sports are at an increased risk for physical inactivity. Noncompetitive outdoor physical activity can provide young adolescents with increased opportunities to participate in physical activities that appeal to them and have positive health effects. The purpose of this study was to examine factors related to rural young adolescents' participation in noncompetitive outdoor physical activity to inform intervention design. Method: Young adolescents aged 10 to 14 years old (N = 1,032) from 1 rural county completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing constructs from self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) related to noncompetitive outdoor physical activity. Structural equation modeling was used to examine an integrated conceptual model of hypothesized relationships among constructs. Results: The hypothesized conceptual model provided a good fit to the data with greater perceptions of autonomy support and self-determined motivation having statistically significant positive indirect effects on participation in noncompetitive outdoor physical activity mediated by the constructs of the TPB. All direct paths in the model were statistically significant; however, the direct effect of attitudes on intention was weak (.08) and self-determined motivation had no indirect effect on intention through attitudes (.03). Conclusions: Constructs of SDT and TPB should be accounted for by interventions targeting noncompetitive outdoor physical activity among young adolescents. More research is needed to determine young adolescents' preferences for noncompetitive and competitive physical activity and the potential influence that noncompetitive outdoor physical activity may have on total daily physical activity.  相似文献   

Intensity of Treadmill Training and its Effect on Body Composition in Rats     

Frances J. Brannon  Jean E. Hart  Marvin H. Eyler 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):670-675

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine which of three intensities of treadmill training produced changes in body composition in rats as evidenced by body weight, percentage of fat and specific gravity. Subjects were 60 male Wistar rats 25 to 30 days old when obtained. They were randomly assigned to one of five groups: sedentary controls, spontaneously active controls, and three groups of rats forced to exercise on a treadmill at intensities of 75, 125 and 175 fpm. Forced exercise was applied three times a week for 8 weeks, after which measures of body weight, specific gravity, and percentage of body fat were obtained. Results indicated that the sedentary controls had significantly higher mean body weights than did those which exercised. Rats forced to exercise at 75 fpm had significantly lower specific gravity measures than rats trained at 125 fpm. Sedentary controls had lower specific gravity values than did all rats allowed to exercise. Intensity of treadmill training had no effect on percentage of body fat as determined chemically. However, exercise was effective in reduction of body fat.  相似文献   

崭新的婚礼     

Frances Fyfield  王善武 《海外英语》2004,(12):30-33

“如果那是幸运,那也不是我希望艾琳得到的那种幸运。”老实说,当我们的艾琳告诉我她准备结婚时,我的心情并不好。唉,我知道他是个翩翩少年或是诸如此类的人,但我还是极力表现出些许热情,使得她不会问我他怎么了,也不会继续缠着我,说她不算年轻,可以嫁人了。这些天,我感到身心非常疲倦,以至于一个孩子转身扑向我时,我被弄得筋疲力尽。不管怎样,既然我自已不到20岁就结婚了,那么我有什么资格要求她再等  相似文献   

Liminality,disruption, and change: A prismatic look at pandemic education     

Fisher  Marni E.  Dorner  Meredith A.  Maghzi  Kimiya Sohrab  Achieng-Evensen  Charlotte  Whitaker  Leslie C.  Hansell  Frances  St. Amant  James  Gapinski  Susan M. 《Prospects》2021,51(1-3):523-540

PROSPECTS - Using prismatic inquiry, a team of researchers documented a variety of personal experiences that spanned elementary through higher education, with the goal of determining what helped...  相似文献   

Behavioral contrast as a function of component duration for leverpressing using a within-session procedure     

Frances K. McSweeney  Cam L. Melville 《Learning & behavior》1991,19(1):71-80

Ten rats pressed levers for food reinforcers delivered by multiple schedules. Behavioral contrast was measured using a within-session procedure that presented the baseline and contrast schedules within single sessions. The absolute sizes of both positive and negative contrast increased and then decreased as components lengthened. Negative induction occurred when components were very short. These results question theories that predict that the size of contrast will vary inversely with component duration. They support theories that attribute positive and negative contrast to similar theoretical mechanisms. A comparison of the present results with those of past studies indicates that keypecking by pigeons and leverpressing by rats change as different functions of component duration. Treadlepressing by pigeons and leverpressing by rats change as similar functions. These findings challenge general process theories that argue that all responses obey the same behavioral laws.  相似文献   

A four‐category scheme for coding and assessing the level of reflection in written work   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

David Kember  Jan McKay  Kit Sinclair  Frances Kam Yuet Wong 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2008,33(4):369-379

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Evaluating an improved quality preschool program in rural Bangladesh     

Anna C. Moore  Sadika Akhter  Frances E. Aboud 《International Journal of Educational Development》2008

An important goal of education in developing countries is to implement and improve early childhood education. A pre–post intervention–control design was used to compare a piloted-revised versus a regular preschool program offered by an organization in rural Bangladesh. After 7 months in operation, the quality of the piloted-revised program was higher than the regular program, though the regular program had also improved. Children attending pilot preschools made greater gains than children attending regular preschools on most outcome measures. Action research was conducted alongside the quantitative evaluation to study the process of the implementation and to identify areas for further improvement.  相似文献   

A rubric to track the development of secondary pre-service and novice teachers’ summative assessment literacy     

Frances Edwards 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2017,24(2):205-227

Abstract

Teachers require specialised assessment knowledge and skills in order to effectively assess student learning. These knowledge and skills develop over time through ongoing teacher learning and experiences. The first part of this paper presents a Summative Assessment Literacy Rubric (SALRubric) constructed to track the development of secondary science teachers’ summative assessment literacy. The analytic rubric consists of 10 dimensions spread across three categories drawn from the literature and context-specific empirical evidence: knowledge of assessment, understanding the context for assessment, and recognising the impact of assessment. The second part of this paper applies the SALRubric in a case study to explore the development of summative assessment literacy of New Zealand secondary science pre-service and novice teachers. An increasing sophistication in these teachers’ summative assessment literacy was evident over 20 months albeit in a nuanced manner for individual teachers. The rubric was a very useful tool for evaluating and documenting shifts in teachers’ summative assessment literacy over time. Implications of the use of SALRubric are discussed in terms of summative assessment literacy practice and development.  相似文献   

Quantifying and visualizing change: Strain monitoring of tapestries with digital image correlation     

Frances Lennard  Janice M. Dulieu-Barton 《文物保护研究》2014,59(4):241-255

A three-year research project at the University of Southampton (2007–2010) investigated whether monitoring techniques commonly used by engineers to assess the strength and durability of materials could be usefully applied to inform the condition assessment of historic tapestries. To date it has not been possible to obtain an objective picture of the overall condition of a tapestry; the study investigated whether it is possible to identify precursors of structural damage. The two techniques, digital image correlation (DIC) and optical fibre sensors, were used to monitor a representative wool fabric, specially woven tapestry samples, a newly woven tapestry, and historic tapestries, both in the laboratory and in situ in a historic house. This study first sets out to answer the question: can DIC be used to monitor and visualize strain in historic tapestries? It is shown that DIC can be used successfully. Secondly, it discusses the map function, a novel development which allowed the monitoring equipment to be moved, so that it could be used in situ in a historic house. Thirdly, it provides further details of the experimental work using optical fibre sensors to confirm the accuracy of the DIC technique.  相似文献   

Comparison of the SIT with the WISC-R for gifted students     

Frances A. Karnes  K. Eliot Brown 《Psychology in the schools》1979,16(4):478-482

There has been a need to identify a quick screening and reevaluation instrument to determine eligibility status for specialized programs. The Slosson Intelligence Test (SIT) is one instrument that has been suggested for this purpose. In a ten-year review of validity studies with the SIT, Stewart and Jones (1976) found substantial correlations between the SIT and WISC. They recommended that future validity studies with the SIT focus on specific subgroups with restricted IQ ranges. The present study compared the SIT with the WISC-R for a group of intellectually gifted students. The results indicated reduced correlations between the measures. The calculated regression equation was dissimilar to the one reported by Stewart and Jones for nonrestricted IQ populations, although predictive ability was greater. The need for comparing the SIT with other measures for specific subgroups was supported.  相似文献