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Intelligence gathering, or data collection, is a preliminary and critical stage of decision making. Two key approaches to intelligence gathering are “discovery” and “idea imposition.” The discovery approach allows us to learn about possibilities by gathering intelligence in order to identify and weigh options. The idea imposition approach limits intelligence gathering and focuses resources on promoting a solution. The purpose of this study is to explore the intelligence‐gathering stage of organizational leaders during decision making from both of these perspectives and to begin to identify themes as they relate to the data considered, types of decisions and outcomes sought, and level of confidence in decision‐making success. 相似文献
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A historical case study concerning the serious doubts that arose in early 1930s about the validity of the law of energy conservation in nuclear disintegrations, and the hypothesis of neutrino, will be closely analyzed with the goal of promoting understanding of the nature of science. This work is based upon primary archival and printed sources, with a particular focus on the proceedings of the first International Conference of Nuclear Physics which was held in Rome on October 1931. 相似文献
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Ingrid Guerra‐Lpez 《Performance Improvement》2013,52(6):11-17
Organizations are complex systems that require managers and employees alike to understand the interdependencies between their performance accomplishments and those of others, as well as the specific means and actions that affect them. Performance indicator maps (PIMs) are graphical representations that illustrate the relationships among organizational performance indicators. When properly designed, performance indicator maps can increase the effectiveness of feedback generated by dashboards, trigger tangible improvement actions today, and allow us to get the results we want tomorrow. 相似文献
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Stephanie Guerra 《Children‘s Literature in Education》2009,40(4):275-295
The American cultural and political landscape has seen changes on the level of seismic shifts in the past four decades, thanks
in part to the two very diverse fields of big business and biotechnology. Linking the two arenas together in the literary
landscape is a growing body of young adult science fiction that envisions a future shaped profoundly by both. This paper surveys
how the interplay between corporations and biotechnology is represented in this emerging body of work to explore diverse facets
of a common theme: the biotechnical subjection of human matter to market force. 相似文献
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Since 1948, the Learning Design and Technology (LDT) program at Wayne State University has been offering degrees. Presently, the LDT program offers PhD, EdD, master's, and undergraduate degrees and two certificates. The degrees are delivered using various methods including face‐to‐face, blended, and online. The program focuses on the application of learning sciences and relevant disciplines to improve performance in organizations. The program has two concentration tracks: design and performance systems and learning technologies. Four full‐time and seven adjunct faculty are engaged in various research initiatives and projects with funding in excess of $5 million total. The faculty members serve in leadership roles in several academic and professional associations. In terms of programmatic initiatives, the LDT faculty members have renovated their programs to help make sure students can complete all required courses in 2 years, and the PhD in 4 years. They also are initiating a full‐time research intensive program. With capable faculty members and an excellent curriculum, the LDT program at Wayne State University nurtures competent scholars and professionals. —Sung “Pil” Kang, Ph.D. and Yeol Huh, Ph.D. column editors 相似文献
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Ingrid J. Guerra 《Performance Improvement Quarterly》2003,16(1):55-72
Despite the growing literature about the criticality of a performance focus in our field, the literature on empirically formulated competencies for performance improvement professionals reflecting this shift has been scarce (Dean, 1999). While this study was being conducted (2000–2001), there were no formally recognized standards to guide performance improvement professionals. What the literature did offer was standards for instructional designers, specifically, the International Board of Standards for Training, Performance and Instruction (IBSTPI) released the third edition of Instructional Design Competencies: The Standards (Ritchey et al., 2000). Around this same time, The International Society for Performance Improvement (ISPI) was simultaneously, and independently, working on developing such standards. This study pursued similar efforts through two overarching purposes. The first purpose was to identify competencies required of competent performance improvement professionals. While previous studies had generally addressed what constitutes ideal practice, no data had been collected on current practice. Thus, the second purpose was to determine how often performance improvement practitioners believed they (1) should be, and (2) are currently applying each of the identified competencies. The relationships and gaps between these two indicators were also examined. 相似文献