Attitudes of Serbian and Slovenian student teachers towards causes of learning underachievement amongst Roma pupils     

Sunčica Macura-Milovanović  Mojca Peček 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(6):629-645

The task of initial teacher education is to prepare student teachers (ST) to accept responsibility for improving the education of all pupils, including Roma pupils. Thus, knowledge of ST's attitudes regarding such pupils at the onset of initial teacher education is a key for the creation of teacher education programmes that challenge implicit beliefs and biases. The main focus of this paper, therefore, is ST's perceptions concerning the causes of learning underachievement amongst Roma pupils and who is primarily responsible for these pupils' learning achievement. Research was conducted at the Faculty of Education at the University of Ljubljana in Slovenia and the Teacher Training Faculty at the University of Belgrade in Serbia. The results suggest that ST do not consider themselves likely contributors to Roma pupils' learning achievement, which leads to an attitude of minimal responsibility. The majority of ST attribute Roma pupils' learning underachievement to their parents' disinterest in schooling, Roma pupils' lack of motivation, and their non-acceptance by peers. The implications of these findings for teacher education programmes are subsequently discussed.  相似文献   

Context Effects on Children's Use of Language     

He´ctor Pe´Rez Prieto  Fritjof Sahlstro¨M  Finn Calander  Marie Karlsson  Mia Heikkila¨ 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(1):43-62

The sweeping changes in Swedish society in the 1990s, with extensive decentralisation, privatisation and cutbacks in the public sector, implied quite new conditions for the realisation of the aim of pre-school and school as a meeting place for children from different backgrounds. This article discusses some of these changes and their implications, through a study of parent's choice of pre-school care facility in the city of Uppsala. The main data source is a survey study among 1584 mothers of children born in 1995. The results show that parents' use of the right to choose pre-school facility is economically, socially and culturally segregated; the patterns of choice are construed in relation to residential areas but are not a simple effect of housing segregation. The choice of pre-school facility in Uppsala is thus a practice that creates specific conditions--socially and culturally homogenous private pre-school facilities--that make it virtually impossible for them to achieve the goal of being meeting places.  相似文献   

Height,mass and skeletal maturity of elite Portuguese soccer players aged 11–16 years     

R.M. Malina  M. E. Peña Reyes  J. C. Eisenmann  L. Horta  J. Rodrigues  R. Miller 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):685-693

Height, mass and skeletal maturity (Fels method) were assessed in 135 elite youth soccer players aged 10.7-16.5 years (only two boys were ?11.0 years). Sample sizes, years of training and current weekly training volume by two-year age groups were: 11-12 years ( n = 63), 2.6 - 1.0 years and 4.1 - 1.7 h; 13-14 years ( n = 29), 3.1 - 1.6 years and 4.5 - 1.7 h; 15-16 years ( n = 43), 4.7 - 2.4 years and 6.1 - 2.0 h. The oldest age group included membersof the national youth team.Heights and masses were compared to US reference values,and skeletal age and chronological age were contrasted. The players were also classified as late, average ('on time') and early maturers on the basis of differences between skeletal and chronological age, with the average category including boys with skeletal ages within - 1 year of chronological age. The mean heights and masses of 11- to 12-year-old soccer players equalled the US reference values, while those of players aged 13-14 and 15-16 years were slightly above the reference values. The mean skeletal age approximated mean chronological age in players aged 11-12 years (12.4 - 1.3 and 12.3 - 0.5 years, respectively), while mean skeletal age was in advance of mean chronological age in the two older groups (14.3 - 1.2 and 13.6 - 0.7 years, respectively, in 13- to 14-year-olds; 16.7 - 1.0 and 15.8 - 0.4 years, respectively, in 15- to 16-year-olds). Seven boys in the oldest age group were already skeletally mature and were not included when calculating differences between skeletal and chronological age. The proportion of late maturing boys in this sample of elite soccer players decreased with increasing chronological age. Among 11- to 12-year-old players, the percentages of late and early maturing boys were equal at 21% ( n = 13). Among 13- to 14-year-old players, the percentages of late and early maturing boys were 7% ( n = 2) and 38% ( n = 11) respectively, while among players aged 15-16 years the percentages of late and early maturing boys were 2% ( n = 1) and 65% ( n = 28) respectively. The results of this comparative analysis suggest that the sport of soccer systematically excludes late maturing boys and favours average and early maturing boys as chronological age and sport specialization increase. It is also possible that late maturing boys selectively drop-out of soccer as age and sport specialization increase.  相似文献   

Implicit overcompensation: The influence of negative self-instructions on performance of a self-paced motor task     

Derek de la Peña  Nicholas P. Murray  Christopher M. Janelle 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(12):1323-1331

Abstract

This study sought to compare the time course changes in oxidative state and glycemic behavior when glucose or glucose plus fructose are consumed before endurance and strength exercise. After two weeks on a controlled diet, 20 physically trained males ingested an oral dose of glucose or glucose plus fructose, 15 min before starting a moderate-intensity 30-min session of endurance or strength exercise. The combination resulted in four randomized interventions: glucose or glucose plus fructose + endurance exercise and glucose or glucose plus fructose + strength exercise, which were implemented consecutively in random order at 1-week intervals. Plasma concentration of lipoperoxides, oxidized LDL, reduced glutathione, catalase and glycemia were determined at baseline, during exercise and acute recovery. Following the ingestion of glucose plus fructose, lipoperoxides, catalase and reduced glutathione depletion were significantly higher than following consumption of glucose, for both endurance and strength exercise (P < 0.05). Oxidized LDL-c was higher after glucose plus fructose than after glucose alone in endurance exercise (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the glycemic peak between glucose plus fructose and glucose ingestion in endurance exercise trials. In strength exercise, the post-absorptive glycemic peak was less when the participants ingested glucose plus fructose than glucose (P < 0.05), and a second peak was found in the recovery phase of this group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the addition of fructose to a pre-exercise glucose supplement triggers oxidative stress.  相似文献   

Votes and lab coats: democratizing scientific research and science policy     

Gürol Irzık  A. Faik Kurtulmuş 《Metascience》2013,22(1):45-61

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Sports tourism does not have to be accompanied by crime: a case for the NFL Super Bowl     

Hassan Tajalli  Alejandra Iraide Peña 《Journal of Sport Tourism》2017,21(1):15-32

The Routine Activities Theory suggests that when there is the presence of a motivated offender, a suitable target, and the absence of a capable guardian, crime has the opportunity to occur. Large sporting events accompanied by massive tourists bring these ingredients of crime together. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the crime rates spike in the host cities during the high tourist month of the Super Bowl. Twenty-four months of crime rates on eight types of crimes were obtained for every American city that has hosted the Super Bowl. Panel Data Analysis is used to test the Hypotheses of this study. The findings do not show a spike in crime rates during the month of Super Bowl for any of the crimes examined in this study. It is in the economic interests of all stakeholders to provide a safe and secure venue free of crimes for sports tourists.  相似文献   

Preservice teachers' perceptions about using mobile phones and laptops in education as mobile learning tools     

Süleyman Nihat Şad  Özlem Göktaş 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2014,45(4):606-618

The purpose of this research was to investigate preservice teachers' perceptions about using m‐phones and laptops in education as mobile learning tools. A total of 1087 preservice teachers participated in the study. The results indicated that preservice teachers perceived laptops potentially stronger than m‐phones as m‐learning tools. In terms of limitations the situation was balanced for laptops and m‐phones. Generally, the attitudes towards using laptops in education were not exceedingly positive but significantly more positive than m‐phones. It was also found that such variables as program/department, grade, gender and possessing a laptop are neutral in causing a practically significant difference in preservice teachers' views. The results imply an urgent need to grow awareness among participating student teachers towards the concept of m‐learning, especially m‐learning through m‐phones.  相似文献   

Inequality in social capital: social capital,social risk and drop-out in the Turkish education system     

Zeynep Cemalcilar  Fatoş Gökşen 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2014,35(1):94-114

This article examines the effects of social capital on the likelihood of dropping out from the compulsory education system (Grades One through Eight) in Turkey. It focuses on the question of whether school-related social capital can provide the means to stay in school in the presence of risk factors such as socioeconomic status, race, or gender that cannot be easily modified. Despite major progress in enrollment rates due to policies enacted in recent years, the overall drop-out rate in compulsory education is close to 15% in Turkey. Data collected from 764 student–mother pairs show that drop-outs are exposed to higher number of social risk factors. We further illustrate that school-related social capital, as measured by quality of in-school teacher–student interactions as well as parental involvement in school, significantly and positively contributes to adolescents’ likelihood of staying in school even in the presence of severe social inequalities.  相似文献   

Women,education, and agency, 1600–2000     

Elif Ekin Akşit 《History of education》2013,42(2):287-289

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湖北创新创业发展现状及对策研究     

陈满  侯畅 《科技创业月刊》2021,34(10):4-7

"大众创业、万众创新"背景下,创业主体不断壮大、创业服务体系不断完善,科技创新创业工作成效显著.通过对湖北省创新创业发展现状的分析,提出从提升创新创业服务能力、加大对初创期科技型企业的支持力度、激励创业投资和天使投资等方面制定相关政策及措施,推动湖北省创新创业更好发展.  相似文献