Voices and choices: how education influences the career choices of young disabled people     

Sonali Shah 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2005,5(3):112-117

The changing British society with new commitments to educational inclusion for disabled people should mean increased individual freedom of choice and greater chance of participation. However, juggling this with the continuing emphasis on education for the economy brings the danger of new forms of social exclusion of those who do have different needs and require additional support to take advantage of opportunities and make informed decisions about their professional futures. This contradiction encourages the deteriorating academic and career-oriented foresight of special schools and the inclusion of all disabled students in mainstream education, without providing enough support to cater for the diversity and differentiation it generates. This paper adds to this debate by reporting on the work in progress of a project funded by the European Social Fund, concerning the educational experiences of a group of young disabled people still in full-time mainstream or special education. It presents some personal accounts of the young people's perceptions of how their educational environment influences their personal aspirations for future careers and post-school choices. This research strives to give a voice to young disabled people, informing policy concerned with young people, education and transitions to work.  相似文献   

Evaluation of clinical utility of serum enzymes and troponin—T in the early stages of acute myocardial infarction     

Hitesh Shah  N. Haridas 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):93-101

Laboratory infarction diagnostics are based on the detection of elevated serum activities of total Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine Kinase isoensyme MB, (CKMB), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), isoenzyme forms of LDH and transaminases. Determination of these cardiac marker enzymes permits a highly sensitive diagnosis of transmural myocardial infarction. In such patients the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction can be confirmed by the clinical, symptoms, and changes in the ECG in addition to the enzyme assays. The 50 AMI patients selected in the present study were those admitted to the ICCU of Shri Krishna Hospital, Karamsad. The blood samples were taken at the time of admission (ie. within four hours of the start of chest pain). The samples were analyzed for CK, CKMB, SGOT, (Serum glutamate oxaloactate transaminase) αHBDH α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and troponin T. The serum CKMB activity in AMI showed an increase only 5–6 hours after the commencement of chest pain. The elevation in SGOT and αHBDH was still delayed. At the same time we could observe that the cardiac Troponin T (cTnT) was elevated at the time of admission of the patient itself. This increase of cTnT in AMI patients was 20 times higher than the normal blood donors. The controls included 25 normal blood donors and 25 patients with polytraumatic injuries with no chest contusion. The study shows that cTnT estimation could serve in the early diagnosis of AMI. The increase of cardiac troponin T in AMI patients was 20 times higher than the normal blood donors in AMI patients at the time of admission. Cardiac troponin T in serum appears to be a more sensitive indicator of myocardial cell injury than CKMB activity and its detection in the circulation may be a useful prognostic indicator in patients with unstable angina as well. When the blood of normal blood donors or that of patients with polytraumatic injury was analysed the troponin T values were well within the normal range in both the above categories showing that cardiac troponin T is highly specific for heart tissue. Although CKMB and cardiac troponin T are released soon after the myocardial injury, the release of cardiac troponin T is much earlier than CKMB thereby invalidating the important role of cardiac troponin T in diagnosing AMI. Cardiac troponin T has been shown to be highly sensitive for cardiac injury and not elevated in any other trauma, heavy exercise or skeletal muscle injury. Cardiac troponin T is ordinarily undetectable in healthy individuals, and so its measurement can serve as a powerful tool in the diagnosis of AMI.  相似文献   

Antinuclear Antibody Profiling in Patients of a Tertiary Care Centre in Central India     

Prishni Gupta  Pratishtha Agrawal  Neha Rani Verma  Seema Shah  Suprava Patel  Rachita Nanda  Eli Mohapatra 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(3):345

The incidence of autoimmune disorders that includes the connective tissue diseases has seen a rise in India in recent times. Antinuclear antibodies, the telltale sign of systemic autoimmune response, thus can be used as a screening tool and also to support the diagnosis of systemic autoimmune disease. The present retrospective cross- sectional analysis aimed to study the antinuclear antibodies profile (patterns and specific antibody reactivity) amongst suspected cases of auto-immune disorders at a tertiary care teaching hospital. The study retrieved and reviewed reports of 644 patients sent for ANA testing by indirect immunofluorescence assay over a period of 1 year by different specialty departments. Positive samples were further processed for anti-ds-DNA antibody and antibodies to extractable nuclear antigen. Data collected was statistically analysed. ANA pattern positivity was observed in 31% of cases and a positive antibody reactivity was seen in 66% of them. Female predominance (82%) was noted in both pattern positivity and antibody reactivity. High levels of pattern positivity and antibody reactivity was found in the young adults (45.9%). Amongst the ANA patterns, the nuclear homogenous pattern was found the commonest. The common antibodies associated with this pattern were anti-dsDNA and U1 Sm/RNP antibodies. A stronger fluorescence intensity on initial screening showed a higher confirmation rate for specific antibodies on immunoassay. High occurrence of positive ANA patterns in autoimmune disorders suggests its utilization as a screening tool for them and would also play an adjuvant to the diagnosis. Early knowledge about future autoimmunity will earn better prognostic achievements through better treatment interventions.  相似文献   

Investigating working adults' intentions to participate in microlearning using the decomposed theory of planned behaviour     

Shermain Puah  Muhammad Iskandar Shah Bin Mohmad Khalid  Chee Kit Looi  Ean Teng Khor 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2022,53(2):367-390

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Lactoferrin in cervical mucus as a biochemical marker for inflammation     

Jayanti Mania-Pramanik  B. N. Mali  Rashmi S. Shah  U. M. Donde 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1999,14(2):229-236

Lactoferrin, an iron-binding protein, has been proposed to act as an anti-infective agent and has been used as a diagnostic marker in several inflammatory disorders. A sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay developed earlier was used for lactoferrin estimation in cervical mucus. A brief study was undertaken to observe if lactoferrin is detectable in cervical mucus and to correlate its level with reproductive tract infection, if present. One hundred and twelve cervical mucus samples were collected from healthy as well as infected females. Some of these females were using CuT-200 intrauterine copper devices for contraception. Women were at different phases of their menstrual cycle. The presence of detectable amount of lactoferrin in cervical mucus was confirmed. The average level of lactoferrin in cases either with clinical symptoms of cervicitis or with proven infection by PAP smear was significantly (t=7.6, P<0.01) higher than the normal controls. CuT users have higher (P<0.01) mean level of lactoferrin than corresponding non-users.  相似文献   

Attitudes of Kuwaiti parents toward physical punishment of children     

Fatma S Qasem  Ahlam A Mustafa  Nafeesa A Kazem  Nasra M Shah 《Child abuse & neglect》1998,22(12):1189-1202

Objective: The major aim was to describe parental attitudes to physical punishments and examine their sociodemographic correlates. A related aim was to assess the association of parents’ own experience of physical punishment with attitudes to punishment of children.Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the second week of December, 1996 in five general clinics covering the major administrative areas of Kuwait: 337 Kuwaiti mothers and fathers with at least one living child were contacted; 95% were successfully interviewed using a structured questionnaire.Results: Eighty-six percent of parents agreed with physical punishment as a means of child disciplining. Agreement with punishment was higher in case of serious misbehaviors such as stealing (63%), sniffing glue and using drugs (77%). Multiple regression results showed that parent’s lower level of education and Bedouin ethnicity were positively associated with agreement on physical punishment. Larger percentages of parents who had experienced physical punishments themselves agreed with such punishment to discipline their children, but this was not statistically significant.Conclusions: In recent years education has become widespread for both sexes. An inverse association between educational level and agreement on physical beating suggest that attitudes to this form of child disciplining are changing. Those with a Bedouin ethnic background still adhere more strictly to the traditional forms of child disciplining including physical beating. There is a need for conducting research on the possible negative psychosocial impacts of physical punishment in view of findings from other countries.  相似文献