自然科学与人文科学大数据——第六届中德前沿探索圆桌会议综述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

郭华东  陈润生  徐志伟  孙建军  毕军  王力哲  骆健俊  沈华伟  顾东晓  梁栋  沈文庆  张旭  Hans Wolfgang Spiess  Thomas Lengauer 《中国科学院院刊》2016,31(6):707-716

大数据是知识经济时代的战略高地,是国家和全球的新型战略资源。作为思维的革命性创新,大数据为科学研究带来了新的方法论。第六届中德前沿探索圆桌会议以"自然科学与人文科学大数据"为主题,在"生物医药大数据"、"物理、化学与地球科学领域大数据"、"人文与社会科学领域大数据"和"大数据处理技术与方法"4个领域进行研讨,总结了大数据对于科学发现的重要作用、意义以及面临的重大问题,形成了关于发展科学大数据研究的相关建议。  相似文献   

A match between university professors and school inspectors? Innovation and stagnation in the physical education curriculum     

Hans Vangrunderbeek  Pascal Delheye 《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2014,50(3):338-355

During the 1960s and 1970s, “traditional” secondary educational systems in various Western European countries made way for comprehensive education curricula. In contrast to the reforms within the “intellectual” subjects, the field of physical education (PE) remained largely underexposed in research. This study focuses on PE reform in Belgium, the first country in the world (apart from Sweden itself) to introduce, in 1908, so-called “Swedish gymnastics” in all levels of state public education and, in 1968, the last country apart from Portugal to abandon it. The question arises as to who was responsible for Swedish gymnastics being applied for so long and, ultimately, how and by whom reform was implemented. The results show that the power of the past and the positions of “Swedists” in the Government Inspectorate, universities and professional associations, perpetuated the domination of Swedish gymnastics in Belgian education. The final “dynamisation” of the subject of PE around 1968 did not come about through “revolution” but a “natural” generational transition, whereby a new guard of young government inspectors with a drive for reform took over from their Swedish-minded predecessors. The educational climate prevailing in Belgium at the end of the 1960s facilitated this reform. The state university PE institutes lost their position as pedagogical profile keepers during this process of transformation, while the hidden curriculum of the (Catholic) university institute in Leuven implicitly shaped the educational climate. Further comparative international research into the (changed) profile, position and power of school inspectors in educational reform appears necessary.  相似文献   

Comparing teacher roles in Denmark and England     

Peter Kelly  Hans Dorf  Nick Pratt  Ulrike Hohmann 《Compare》2014,44(4):566-586

This article reports the findings of a comparative study of teaching in Denmark and England. Its broader aim is to help develop an approach for comparing pedagogy. Lesson observations and interviews identified the range of goals towards which teachers in each country worked and the actions these prompted. These were clustered using the lens of Bernstein’s pedagogic discourse to construct teacher roles, which provided a view of pedagogy. Through this approach we have begun to identify variations in pedagogy across two countries. All teachers in this study adopted a variety of roles. Of significance was the ease with which competent English teachers moved between roles. The English teachers observed adopted roles consistent with a wider techno-rationalist discourse. There was a greater subject emphasis by Danish teachers, whose work was set predominantly within a democratic humanist discourse, whilst the English teachers placed a greater emphasis on applied skills.  相似文献   

Auswirkungen einer Intervention auf die Auseinandersetzung und Arbeit mit Bildungsstandards bei Mathematik-Lehrkräften     

Dr. Claudia Pöhlmann  Hans Anand Pant  Jenny Frenzel  Alexander Roppelt  Olaf Köller 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2014,17(1):113-133

The introduction of educational standards in Germany forced teachers to change their perspective in order to achieve competence-oriented teaching. The initial representative surveys throughout Germany indicated that a short time after the introduction of the educational standards, teachers in various school forms were still very slow to implement the idea of competence-oriented teaching in their everyday school life. This article presents the effects of a newly developed intervention programme in which mathematics teachers familiarised themselves with educational standards for the first time. The teacher data and the performance data of the pupils of the schools participating in the project are compared in a longitudinal study with the data of schools which were not included in the intervention programme. The results indicate that after the intervention programme has run for one year, mathematics teachers in the project schools are more competence-oriented in their teaching and reflect more intensively on the concept of the educational standards than mathematics teachers in the comparison schools.  相似文献   

Developing Adaptive Collaboration Support: The Example of an Effective Training for Collaborative Inferences     

Anne Deiglmayr  Hans Spada 《Educational Psychology Review》2010,22(1):103-113

Adaptive support for computer-mediated collaboration aims at supporting learners’ collaboration in a way that is tailored to their actual needs and by fostering their self-regulation, leading to the acquisition of new collaboration skills. This review gives an example of developing support for a specific collaboration skill: the co-construction of genuinely new knowledge by drawing collaborative inferences. The review shows how the development of increasingly detailed and accurate collaboration models and the implementation of an online assessment led toward the development of an effective training with adaptive tutoring support. In doing so, it outlines and illustrates a sequence of four steps in developing and testing adaptive collaboration support: deciding which collaboration skill(s) to support; conceptualizing the individual and collaborative activities underlying the skill; specifying rules for providing adaptive support based on an online assessment of collaboration indicators; and evaluating adaptive collaboration support.  相似文献   

近海应用中土壤-结构界面的亚塑性模型（英文）     

Hans Henning STUTZ  Frank WUTTKE 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2018,(8)

目的:研究一种使用连续的土壤模型模拟土壤-结构界面的新方法,并阐述这些模型增强土壤-结构相互作用的建模方法。创新点:1.基于先前的亚塑性模型,通过将晶粒间应变的概念融入模型公式来模拟循环载荷。2.整体性较好的模型具有更好、更精确的模拟结果。方法:1.采用一种砂浆接触的力学方法,其中一个表面作为主面,另一个表面作为从属面。2.采用砂浆接触的力学方法并结合用户定义的子程序,对土壤-结构界面进行建模。3.基于先前的亚塑性模型,将晶粒间应变的概念融入模型公式来模拟循环载荷。结论:1.整体性较好的模型具有更好、更精确的模拟结果。2.本文提出的土壤-结构界面建模方法不仅提高了模拟结果,且在某些模拟中提高了数值收敛性。  相似文献   

Novelty-oriented value propositions for new technology-based firms: Impact of business networks and growth orientation     

Hanna Rydehell  Hans Löfsten  Anders Isaksson 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2018,29(2):161-171

To perform, new technology-based firms (NTBFs) need to develop value for customers that distinguish them from others in the market. Therefore, the development of novelty-oriented value propositions are important, and may be influenced by several factors. We argue that the propensity to become more novelty-oriented can be influenced by an internal drive to grow (growth orientation) and by external contributions (business networks). Hence, the purpose of this paper is to analyse how business networks and growth orientation effects on the novelty orientation of NTBF value propositions. Based on survey data from 401 NTBFs founded between 2013 and 2015, in the nascent start-up phase novelty-oriented value propositions of NTBFs positively relate to informal (management) networks, as well as founders' attitudes towards growth. Thus, such networks and attitudes from founders should be supported in the very early phases of start-up if novelty orientation is to be preferred as a performance determinant.  相似文献   

Hypervideo for educational purposes: a literature review on a multifaceted technological tool     

Florinda Sauli  Hans van der Meij 《Technology, Pedagogy and Education》2018,27(1):115-134

The term ‘hypervideo’ has different interpretations in the scientific literature. The aim of this contribution is to define hypervideo as it is and can be (more optimally) used for teaching and learning purposes. Videos can promote learning by recreating real experiences and dynamic processes, although they do not necessarily enable students to interact with contents and to self-regulate their learning. Hypervideos technically overcome these limitations and add further benefits. However, even though some literature on the topic exists, the concept of hypervideo is not well represented in the scientific community and lends itself to different interpretations. Results show that hypervideo is defined as a dynamic artefact, it should allow navigation control and include additional material; it could also integrate individual or collaborative annotation and automated or manual feedback. So far, most studies have been conducted in artificial settings involving tertiary-level students. Finally, its use is beneficial for students’ learning.  相似文献   

Sport team personality: It’s not all about winning!     

Ashley Stadler Blank  Joerg Koenigstorfer  Hans Baumgartner 《Sport Management Review》2018,21(2):114-132

As there is still no commonly accepted scale to measure the brand personality of sport teams, the purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Sport Team Personality Scale (STPS) in a professional sport context. The authors conducted a series of studies in the United States and United Kingdom with fans of the English Premier League, Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, the National Football League, and the National Hockey League. The STPS contains 18 items that load onto six factors: success, talent, entertainment, dedication, admiration, and care. The authors compared this new scale with existing sport team personality scales and used it to explore team identification and perceptual similarities and differences among teams. Results indicate that teams map along performance (i.e., success and talent) and character (i.e., admiration and care) factors and that the character factor is a more important source of team identification than the performance factor. Taken together, these results illustrate how the STPS can help sport managers position and differentiate teams within a league to improve marketing outcomes.  相似文献   

Design-based research with mARC ID model: designing experiential learning environments     

Radović  Slaviša  Hummel  Hans G. K.  Vermeulen  Marjan 《Learning Environments Research》2022,25(3):803-822

Learning Environments Research - The relationship between experience (through practice) and knowledge (by theory) is becoming increasingly important in contemporary educational research and...  相似文献