Using iPad tablets for self‐modeling with preschoolers: Videos versus photos          下载免费PDF全文

Dacia M. McCoy  Julie Q. Morrison  Dave W. Barnett  Hilary D. Kalra  Lauren K. Donovan 《Psychology in the schools》2017,54(8):821-836

As technology becomes more accessible and acceptable in the preschool setting, teachers need effective strategies of incorporating it to address challenging behaviors. A nonconcurrent delayed multiple baseline design in combination with an alternating treatment design was utilized to investigate the effects of using iPad tablets to display video self‐modeling and activity photos for three preschoolers during circle time. During baseline, all three children demonstrated low levels of engagement and high levels of off‐task behavior compared to peers. The intervention phase consisted of alternating between showing the child the self‐video and photos prior to circle time. A child preference phase was conducted whereby each child self‐selected the video or photo prior to circle time. For all three children both videos and photos led to increased engagement and decreased off‐task behaviors. During the child preference phase, all three children selected the video most frequently. Social validity data demonstrated teacher and child preference for the video self‐modeling condition.  相似文献   

Children’s rights in education research: from aims to outcomes     

Hilary A. Smith  Stephen J. Haslett 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2017,47(3):413-438

One approach to children’s rights in research is to adopt a methodology that focuses on eliciting children’s perspectives. Ensuring representative participation from all children allows a diversity of contexts to be reflected in the results, and points to ways in which improvements can be made in specific settings. In cultural contexts where participation in decision-making is not a traditional role for children, their viewpoints are likely to provide results that highlight differences between cultural norms and children’s rights, and can offer an important focus of dialogue among stakeholders. It is proposed that children’s rights can therefore become integral to the whole process of a quantitative research project. This paper describes such an approach used in a Pacific Islands study, which investigated the quality of schooling through a probability-based sample survey of 1560 children in the first three years of formal education in 55 schools in Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands and Kiribati.  相似文献   

Understanding students’ experiences of professionalism learning: a ‘threshold’ approach     

Hilary Neve  Helen Lloyd  Tracey Collett 《Teaching in Higher Education》2017,22(1):92-108

Professionalism is a core element of curricula in many disciplines but can be difficult to teach and learn. This study used audio-diary methodology to identify professionalism threshold concepts in a small group learning setting in undergraduate medicine and to understand factors that might facilitate students to ‘get’ such concepts. Fifteen students and seven tutors kept audio-diaries over two terms. Data were analysed qualitatively for content. The key themes were then cross referenced to threshold concept criteria (e.g. where language indicated that learning was troublesome, integrative or transformative). Seven potential threshold concepts were identified which centred on students’ developing professional identities including working with uncertainty, considering the bigger picture, not needing to know everything and professional culture. Reflection on workplace experiences within a small group helped students ‘get’ these concepts. The study concludes that threshold concepts and audio-diaries are useful tools for understanding lived experiences of professionalism learning.  相似文献   

A Philosopher Looks at Quantum Mechanics (Again)     

Putnam  Hilary 《The British journal for the philosophy of science》2005,56(4):615-634

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The timekeeping of Egyptian outflow clocks     

John H Fermor  Arthur E Burgess  Victor Przybylinski 《Endeavour》1983,7(3):133-136

Simple as the outflow clock principle may seem for the measurement of time, its translation into an accurate clock raises formidable technical and conceptual problems. An attempt is made here to reconstruct the Egyptians' consciousness of these problems, and the success of their solutions.  相似文献   

A case of peri-anal varicella and review of the literature     

Barrett S  Burgess S 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(4):307-308

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Editorial     

Vivienne Baumfield  Ian Menter  Peter Gronn  Hilary Cremin  Joanne Hughes  Ruth Leitch 《British Educational Research Journal》2011,37(1):1-3

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A Preliminary Exploration of the Effects of a 6-week Interactive Video Dance Exercise Program in an Adult Population     

Anne Mejia-Downs  Stacie J Fruth  Anne Clifford  Stephanie Hine  Jeremy Huckstep  Heidi Merkel  Hilary Wilkinson  Jason Yoder 《Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal》2011,22(4):5-11

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A validated search assessment tool: assessing practice-based learning and improvement in a residency program     

Gurpreet K Rana  Doreen R Bradley  Stanley J Hamstra  Paula T Ross  Robert E Schumacher  John G Frohna  Hilary M Haftel  Monica L Lypson 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2011,99(1):77-81

Objective:

The objective of this study was to validate an assessment instrument for MEDLINE search strategies at an academic medical center.

Method:

Two approaches were used to investigate if the search assessment tool could capture performance differences in search strategy construction. First, data from an evaluation of MEDLINE searches from a pediatric resident''s longitudinal assessment were investigated. Second, a cross-section of search strategies from residents in one incoming class was compared with strategies of residents graduating a year later. MEDLINE search strategies formulated by faculty who had been identified as having search expertise were used as a gold standard comparison. Participants were presented with a clinical scenario and asked to identify the search question and conduct a MEDLINE search. Two librarians rated the blinded search strategies.

Results:

Search strategy scores were significantly higher for residents who received training than the comparison group with no training. There was no significant difference in search strategy scores between senior residents who received training and faculty experts.

Conclusion:

The results provide evidence for the validity of the instrument to evaluate MEDLINE search strategies. This assessment tool can measure improvements in information-seeking skills and provide data to fulfill Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education competencies.

Highlights

• The University of Michigan MEDLINE Search Assessment tool can be used to assess search skills in residency education.
• Five elements were identified as critical elements in the development of an effective MEDLINE search strategy: inclusion of all search concepts, appropriate use of Medical Subject Headings, appropriate use of search limits, successful combination of all concepts, and search efficiency.

Implications

• This validated assessment tool can serve as an effective means to measure improvements in residents'' information-seeking skills and provide data to fulfill Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education competencies.

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Social information processing and coping strategies of shy/withdrawn and aggressive children: does friendship matter?     

Burgess KB  Wojslawowicz JC  Rubin KH  Rose-Krasnor L  Booth-LaForce C 《Child development》2006,77(2):371-383

The primary objectives of this investigation were to examine the attributions, emotional reactions, and coping strategies of shy/withdrawn and aggressive girls and boys and to examine whether such social cognitions differ within the relationship context of friendship. Drawn from a sample of fifth and sixth graders (M age = 10.79 years; SD = .77), 78 shy/withdrawn, 76 aggressive, and 85 control children were presented with hypothetical social situations that first involved unfamiliar peers, and then a mutual good friend. Results revealed group and gender differences and similarities, depending on the relationship context. From our findings emerges a central message: friends' involvement during interpersonal challenges or stressors mitigates children's attributions, emotions, and coping responses.  相似文献