Maternal holding preferences: a consequence of newborn head-turning response.     

H J Ginsburg  S Fling  M L Hope  D Musgrove  C Andrews 《Child development》1979,50(1):280-281

Salk observed that in an overwhelming majority of cases (80%) mothers prefer to hold their infants across the left shoulder. This preference occurs over a diversity of cultures and is not related to the hand preference of the mother. Salk suggested a fetal imprinting to the sound of the heartbeat as the mechanism responsible for this phenomenon. While such speculation is intriguing, it is not scientifically testable. 2 experiments were performed to examine a more testable hypothesis. Results of these studies suggest that the initial head-turning preference of an infant is related to the holding preference of its mother.  相似文献   

Mismatched pictures and children’s prose learning     

Michael Pressley  Joel R. Levin  Susan Pigott  Mary LeComte  D. J. Hope 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1983,31(3):131-143

In a series of three major experiments and two smaller studies, the effects of mismatched pictures on children’s prose learning were studied. In general, although matched pictures increased learning of both prose that was heard and prose that was read, the presence of pictures mismatched to the prose they accompanied had little negative impact on cued recall. This research was supported by a grant to Michael Pressley from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Joel R. Levin’s participation was supported by a grant to the Wisconsin Center for Education Research from the National Institute of Education. California State University, Fullerton, provided support for the pilot study. The cooperation of the London, Ontario, and the Middlesex County, Ontario, public school boards and the Sault St. Marie separate school board is gratefully acknowledged; special appreciation is extended to Dr. Richard Stennett and Mr. A. Hull. The parochial schools of Fullerton, Calif., assisted during the pilot phases of these studies. The authors are grateful to Professor Dale Willows for making available her materials for Experiments 3 and 3A. Reprints may be requested from the first author at the Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C2 Canada.  相似文献   

Criteria for the selection,evaluation and application of traditional knowledge in contemporary health practice,education, research and policy: A systematic review     

Hope Foley PhD  Andrea Bugarcic PhD  Jon Adams PhD  Jon Wardle PhD  Matthew Leach PhD  Amie Steel PhD 《Health information and libraries journal》2023,40(3):233-261

Background

Traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) is highly utilised and draws on traditional knowledge (TK) as evidence, raising a need to explore how TK is currently used.

Objectives

Examine criteria used to select, evaluate and apply TK in contemporary health contexts.

Methods

Systematic search utilising academic databases (AMED , CINAHL , MEDLINE , EMBASE , SSCI , ProQuest Dissertations Theses Global ), Trip clinical database and Google search engine . Citations and reference lists of included articles were searched. Reported use of TK in contemporary settings was mapped against a modified ‘Exploration-Preparation-Implementation-Sustainment’ (EPIS) implementation framework.

Results

From the 54 included articles, EPIS mapping found TK is primarily used in the Exploration phase of implementation (n = 54), with little reporting on Preparation (n = 16), Implementation process (n = 6) or Sustainment (n = 4) of TK implementation. Criteria used in selection, evaluation and application of TK commonly involved validation with other scientific/traditional evidence sources, or assessment of factors influencing knowledge translation.

Discussion

One of the difficulties in validation of TK (as a co-opted treatment) against other evidence sources is comparing like with like as TK often takes a holistic approach. This complicates further planning and evaluation of implementation.

Conclusion

This review identifies important criteria for evaluating current and potential contemporary use of TK, identifying gaps in research and practice for finding, appraising and applying relevant TK studies for clinical care.  相似文献   

Who writes what when?: Examining children’s early composing     

Quinn  Margaret F.  Bingham  Gary E.  Gerde  Hope K. 《Reading and writing》2021,34(1):79-107

Reading and Writing - Conceptual models of early writing suggest multiple component skills support children’s early writing development. Although research interest in early writing skills has...  相似文献   

“One Day We Had to Run”: The Development of the Refugee Identity in Children’s Literature and its Function in Education     

Julia Hope 《Children‘s Literature in Education》2008,39(4):295-304

In the last two decades there have been significant numbers of children’s books written about various aspects of the refugee experience. Previously authors had tended to approach this sensitive area principally through an historical perspective. However as the number of refugees in British schools increases, books dealing with contemporary conflicts are published in greater numbers. How do children view this growing body of literature? A short ethnographic study attempts to interrogate the importance of autobiography and personal testimony in the construction of refugee identities in children’s books, and the article discusses the validating role of these texts and their purpose as educative tools in our classrooms. I conclude by considering potential areas within the current curriculum for using story to highlight the situation of those for whom “One day we had to run!”(Wilkes, One Day We Had to Run! London: Evans Bros Ltd., 1994).  相似文献   

Reshaping Primary Teacher Education in New Zealand: compressed courses and school partnership     

John Hope 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》1999,27(3):183-191

In response to a serious shortage of primary teachers the New Zealand Government introduced competitive contracts for new and established providers to develop initial teacher education programmes which could be completed in a 12‐18 month timeframe. The University of Auckland reacted by developing a January to December post‐graduate programme taught in partnership with a consortium of primary schools. A mentor teacher from each of the selected primary schools was accredited at post‐graduate level to co‐ordinate and deliver the school‐based practicum component of the programme utilizing an associate teacher to host each student teacher. The programme was founded on a continuous placement model with student teachers attending one school per term for three days of each week, and university lectures for the other two days, throughout the year. Mentor teacher roles included in‐school seminars, assessment of the practicum component and assisting lecturers in planning and delivering university papers. Seven postulates which underpin the University of Auckland approach are advanced and the extent by which they can be generalized is discussed.  相似文献   

Microliter-bioreactor array with buoyancy-driven stirring for human hematopoietic stem cell culture     

Camilla Luni  Hope C. Feldman  Michela Pozzobon  Paolo De Coppi  Carl D. Meinhart    Nicola Elvassore 《Biomicrofluidics》2010,4(3)

This work presents the development of an array of bioreactors where finely controlled stirring is provided at the microliter scale (100–300 μl). The microliter-bioreactor array is useful for performing protocol optimization in up to 96 parallel experiments of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) cultures. Exploring a wide range of experimental conditions at the microliter scale minimizes cost and labor. Once the cell culture protocol is optimized, it can be applied to large-scale bioreactors for stem cell production at the clinical level. The controlled stirring inside the wells of a standard 96-well plate is provided by buoyancy-driven thermoconvection. The temperature and velocity fields within the culture volume are determined with numerical simulations. The numerical results are verified with experimental velocity measurements using microparticle image velocimetry (μPIV) and are used to define feasible experimental conditions for stem cell cultures. To test the bioreactor array’s functionality, human umbilical cord blood-derived CD34⁺ cells were cultured for 7 days at five different stirring conditions (0.24–0.58 μm∕s) in six repeated experiments. Cells were characterized in terms of proliferation, and flow cytometry measurements of viability and CD34 expression. The microliter-bioreactor array demonstrates its ability to support HSC cultures under stirred conditions without adversely affecting the cell behavior. Because of the highly controlled operative conditions, it can be used to explore culture conditions where the mass transport of endogenous and exogenous growth factors is selectively enhanced, and cell suspension provided. While the bioreactor array was developed for culturing HSCs, its application can be extended to other cell types.  相似文献   

Children's Early Awareness of Comprehension as Evident in Their Spontaneous Corrections of Speech Errors     

Henry M. Wellman  Ju-Hyun Song  Hope Peskin-Shepherd 《Child development》2019,90(1):196-209

A crucial human cognitive goal is to understand and to be understood. But understanding often takes active management. Two studies investigated early developmental processes of understanding management by focusing on young children's comprehension monitoring. We ask: When and how do young children actively monitor their comprehension of social-communicative interchanges and so seek to clarify and correct their own potential miscomprehension? Study 1 examined the parent–child conversations of 13 children studied longitudinally in everyday situations from the time the children were approximately 2 years through 3 years. Study 2 used a seminaturalistic situation in the laboratory to address these questions with more precision and control with 36 children aged 2–3 years.  相似文献   

Undergraduate Art Education: Heart,Brains, and Guts     

Hope Irvine 《Teaching Education》2013,24(2):53-55

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Effects of Welfare Reform on Vocational Education and Training     

Dave DM  Reichman NE  Corman H  Das D 《Economics of Education Review》2011,30(6):1399-1415

Exploiting variation in welfare reform across states and over time and using relevant comparison groups, this study estimates the effects of welfare reform on an important source of human capital acquisition among women at risk for relying on welfare: vocational education and training. The results suggest that welfare reform reduced enrollment in full-time vocational education and had no significant effects on part-time vocational education or participation in other types of work-related courses, though there appears to be considerable heterogeneity across states with respect to the strictness of educational policy and the strength of work incentives under welfare reform. In addition, we find evidence of heterogeneous effects by prior educational attainment. We find no evidence that the previously observed negative effects of welfare reform on formal education (including college enrollment), which we replicated in this study, have been offset by increases in vocational education and training.  相似文献