全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5385篇 |
免费 | 78篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
教育 | 3954篇 |
科学研究 | 410篇 |
各国文化 | 54篇 |
体育 | 622篇 |
综合类 | 12篇 |
文化理论 | 108篇 |
信息传播 | 309篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 38篇 |
2022年 | 74篇 |
2021年 | 118篇 |
2020年 | 185篇 |
2019年 | 303篇 |
2018年 | 388篇 |
2017年 | 385篇 |
2016年 | 274篇 |
2015年 | 187篇 |
2014年 | 199篇 |
2013年 | 1043篇 |
2012年 | 208篇 |
2011年 | 153篇 |
2010年 | 146篇 |
2009年 | 131篇 |
2008年 | 125篇 |
2007年 | 110篇 |
2006年 | 108篇 |
2005年 | 119篇 |
2004年 | 108篇 |
2003年 | 146篇 |
2002年 | 105篇 |
2001年 | 96篇 |
2000年 | 62篇 |
1999年 | 50篇 |
1998年 | 34篇 |
1997年 | 26篇 |
1996年 | 36篇 |
1995年 | 42篇 |
1994年 | 32篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 18篇 |
1991年 | 26篇 |
1990年 | 23篇 |
1989年 | 33篇 |
1988年 | 24篇 |
1987年 | 17篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 14篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 15篇 |
1981年 | 15篇 |
1980年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1977年 | 12篇 |
1976年 | 12篇 |
1975年 | 12篇 |
1974年 | 14篇 |
排序方式: 共有5469条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
12.
Annemarie de Knecht-van Eekelen Steven Bakker Gerben van Lent 《Educational Measurement》2001,20(3):33-35
This is Part III of a three part series describing the consultancy and training demands that are encountered in technical assistance projects in Central and Eastern Europe. Part I dealt with strategic issues for a successful delivery of "Western Technical Assistance to Eastern Needs." Part II highlighted project management and co-operation aspects in delivering support to the Romanian Assessment and Examination Service. In this part, we address training of Polish subject experts who were preparing to take on responsibility for a decentralized and strongly innovative final exam, the Matura. 相似文献
13.
青年男子排球运动员弹跳力模型 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
夏崇德 《北京体育大学学报》2002,25(3):401-403
弹跳力是排球运动员的一项最重要的专项素质,为了探索发展青年男子排球运动员弹跳力的有效途径,以四川、重庆青年男子排球运动员为研究对象,对他们有关弹跳力的多种因素进行了相关、多元分析,进而制定出发展弹跳力的回归模型,为青年男子排球运动员弹跳力提供一个模型标准和参考. 相似文献
14.
论现代体育科学研究方法论的几个特征 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
运用文献资料法、理性分析法,根据当代体育科学发展的特点和要求,对现代体育科学方法进行了初步的归类、特征分析,认为现代体育科学研究方法论的基本特征为:1)研究方法的多样化、综合化;2)辨证思维与实验研究成为方法学的两大主流;3)定量化趋势加强,科研设备仪器不断更新;4)研究方法的学科化;5)比较研究受到了一定的重视.并提出了选用方法时的几个要求. 相似文献
15.
Donato Tamblé 《Archival Science》2001,1(1):83-100
Archival theory in Italy has a long tradition, going back as far as the second half of the nineteenth century, and with roots
in the 17th and 18th centuries. Central theme in the theory is themetodo storico, the principle of provenance, for the first time expressed in the late 19th century by Bonaini and Bongi. In the following
decades archivists like Casanova and Cencetti were among the leading authors. Elio Lodolini assigned himself the task to synthesize
ideas and notions, within a clear distinctions between records (registratura) and archives. One of the overall characteristics
of the rich Italian literature is the stressing of the cultural value of archives.
I have twice treated before the theme of archival theory in Italy from the fifties up to the nineties. The first time on the
occasion of the 25th anniversary of theScuola speciale per Archivisti e Bibliotecari dell'Università degli Studi “La Sapienza” di Roma in 1989, when there was an international round table on archival science in the State Archives of Rome. My essay,Italian archival science today, has been published in the proceedings of the meeting (cfr. Donato Tamblé,L'archivistica in Italia oggi, inStudi sull'archivistica, by Roma: Elio Lodolini, 1992). Some years later, in 1993, I published a book on contemporary Italian archival theory (Donato
Tamblé,La teoria archivistica italiana contemporanea (1950–1990). Profilo storico-critico (Roma, 1993) which was the sequel to the volume of Elio Lodolini on Italian archival history — (Lineamenti di storia dell'archivistica italiana (Roma, 1991). The purpose of my book was that of locating and identifying the scientific object of archival science as it
developed and was clarified in the thinking and in the lucubration of the contemporary Italian Archivists. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
György Péteri 《Minerva》1996,34(4):367-380
Conclusions On the basis of these findings, I suggest that the structure and organisation of the field of Hungarian economics under state socialism should be described as a case of partitioned bureaucracy.9 The compromise between research economists and the political elite in the New Course era between 1953 and 195510 survived the post-1956 reaction in so far as political economy, with its predominantly legitimatory and ideological functions, remained partitioned from the other sectors in the field through the remainder of the state-socialist period. This secured considerable protection both for Marxist-Leninist political economy—which faced the destabilising effects of exposure to the findings of serious empirical research—and for the other sectors, which were professionally oriented and earnestly interested in the pursuit of unbiased empirical research, free from stifling agitprop interference. Our data concerning the reputational control of the field reflects only one, although very important, aspect of this partitioning. Another and much plainer aspect is that, from the early 1960s, the Agitation and Propaganda Department of the Central Committee no longer exercised control over the field, except in the political economy sector.The proposition about the mechanism paradigm should not be taken seriously as a statement of a Kuhnian type of intellectual organisation of Hungarian economics, with reform economics at its hard theoretical core. But it should certainly be taken seriously as a reflection of the sociopolitical structure which emerged and developed from the mid-1950s onwards. Neither the politicians nor the economists saw as necessary or even contemplated the integration of Hungarian economic research with Western mainstream economic thought. In exchange for the professional expertise and socio-economic intelligence necessary for the exercise of power, Hungary's state-socialist political class offered their economists relative autonomy and freedom from interference. The price the economists had to pay was partly to refrain from openly and systematically challenging the beliefs perpetuated by the political economy of socialism, and partly to accept in their research the paramountcy of policy orientation. But this burden they assumed willingly since it made them the only group within Hungary's academic intelligentsia—indeed, the only group in Hungarian society outside the political class—with the privilege of being coopted to the institutions with power over some restricted domains of policymaking. After 1989, especially under the conservative Antall government, this proved less than advantageous.11 Although the benevolence of many critics is open to question, it could greatly benefit the field if the economists' expulsion from contemporary politics went hand in hand with provision of the material, intellectual and institutional conditions for a new approach where a fundamentally scientific orientation is paramount. 相似文献
19.
Krister Lindén 《Information Retrieval》2006,9(3):295-310
Technical term translations are important for cross-lingual information retrieval. In many languages, new technical terms
have a common origin rendered with different spelling of the underlying sounds, also known as cross-lingual spelling variants
(CLSV).
To find the best CLSV in a text database index, we contribute a formulation of the problem in a probabilistic framework, and
implement this with an instance of the general edit distance using weighted finite-state transducers. Some training data is
required when estimating the costs for the general edit distance. We demonstrate that after some basic training our new multilingual
model is robust and requires little or no adaptation for covering additional languages, as the model takes advantage of language
independent transliteration patterns.
We train the model with medical terms in seven languages and test it with terms from varied domains in six languages. Two
test languages are not in the training data. Against a large text database index, we achieve 64–78 % precision at the point
of 100% recall. This is a relative improvement of 22% on the simple edit distance. 相似文献
20.