The Future of Public Sector Academic Validation—key issues     

T. Younis  I. Davidson 《Educational studies》1989,15(2):181-192

Since its creation in 1964 the Council for National Academic Awards (CNAA) has been responsible, both for the awarding of degrees in the public sector of higher education and for the validation of the courses leading to those degrees. The 1987 Government White Paper, ‘Higher Education: Meeting the Challenge’ (DES, 1987) marked the first step towards the creation of a new system of accreditation of institutions and a shift in emphasis from external to internal validation. This paper fills in the background to this change of direction before discussing various issues which arise out of it such as the problems of defining academic quality, public accountability, the appropriate role of the Government in education and what the future holds for the CNAA and education as a whole in the age of accreditation which is about to dawn.  相似文献   

The organizing and regulation of mountain guiding in Scandinavia 1820–2016, with a glance at the Alps     

Cleng Andersen Eikje  André Horgen  Johan Arnegård 《Sport in Society》2019,22(4):555-572

Abstract

In this article, we study how mountain guiding was organized and regulated in Scandinavia and the Alps between 1820 and 2015 and focus on the most important differences and similarities in Scandinavia, and between Scandinavia and the Alps. We conclude that Switzerland and Chamonix (France) represent two different systems in the Alps during the nineteenth century. However, through the emergence of national and international guide unions the regulation of mountain guiding in the Alps today appears unified, with a close connection between national regulation and mountain guide unions. In Scandinavia, Norway and Sweden historically had similar practices organizing and regulating mountain guiding, where a relatively strong layman tradition emerged during the 1960s and 1970s. In 2008, legal decisions led Sweden to change its system to match the Alp model, while Norway held on to the layman tradition. This leaves mountain guiding in Norway as a distinctly less regulated field than in France, and Switzerland, as in and Sweden.  相似文献   

FOUR DIMENSIONALISM     

Matthew Davidson 《Philosophical Books》2004,45(1):17-33

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TIJAH: Embracing IR Methods in XML Databases   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Johan?ListEmail author  Vojkan?Mihajlovi?  Georgina?Ramírez  Arjen?P.?de?Vries  Djoerd?Hiemstra  Henk?Ernst?Blok 《Information Retrieval》2005,8(4):547-570

This paper discusses our participation in INEX (the Initiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval) using the TIJAH XML-IR system. TIJAHs system design follows a standard layered database architecture, carefully separating the conceptual, logical and physical levels. At the conceptual level, we classify the INEX XPath-based query expressions into three different query patterns. For each pattern, we present its mapping into a query execution strategy. The logical layer exploits score region algebra (SRA) as the basis for query processing. We discuss the region operators used to select and manipulate XML document components. The logical algebra expressions are mapped into efficient relational algebra expressions over a physical representation of the XML document collection using the pre-post numbering scheme. The paper concludes with an analysis of experiments performed with the INEX test collection.  相似文献   

The wisdom of my mother     

Louise Davidson 《Educational gerontology》2017,43(6)

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Managing the delicate matter of advice giving: accomplishing communicative space in Critical Participatory Action Research     

Christina Davidson  Christine Edwards-Groves 《Educational Action Research》2020,28(2):275-292

ABSTRACT

Critical Participatory Action Research (CPAR) requires communicative space to develop shared understandings and decisions. We examine the interactional accomplishment of such a space between a classroom practitioner and an academic researcher when meeting to reflect on a lesson and agree on future action to bring about change in the practitioner’s classroom practice. Conversation analysis of an audio recording of the meeting establishes how advice giving emerged and was managed as a delicate matter that required achieving shared understandings of what actually happened in the lesson, what could have happened, and what should happen in future lessons. Findings provide insights into how participants used reported and hypothetical speech to manage advice and reach agreement, produce and maintain intersubjectivity through interaction, and address epistemic asymmetry related to the differing experiences and roles that they brought to the action research study. Overall, the article contributes understandings of the ways that interactions produce communicative space in CPAR.  相似文献   

The role of knowledge in participatory and pluralistic approaches to ESE     

Karin Rudsberg  Johan Öhman 《Environmental Education Research》2015,21(7):955-974

The purpose of this article is to investigate in situ the functions that knowledge has when used by students in argumentative discussions. The study is based on Dewey’s pragmatic perspective of knowledge, which means that knowledge gets its meaning in the activity at hand. The analyses are conducted using Transactional Argumentation Analysis, which is a combination of pragmatic meaning analysis and Toulmin’s argument pattern. The empirical material consists of video-recorded lessons from two seminars in a Swedish upper secondary school. The results show that knowledge plays a crucial role in the discussions. Six different functions are identified: emphasising complexity, clarifying and correcting, highlighting conflicting interests, providing evidence in a counterargument, predicting the consequences and adding support to an earlier claim. Knowledge also has general functions, such as justifying a claim, and is part of a collective process aimed at understanding the issues discussed. Further, the students use knowledge from different disciplines, such as environmental studies, history, politics, biology and human geography.  相似文献   

A resourcification manifesto: Understanding the social process of resources becoming resources     

Johan Hultman  Hervé Corvellec  Anne Jerneck  Susanne Arvidsson  Johan Ekroos  Clara Gustafsson  Fay Lundh Nilsson  Niklas Wahlberg 《Research Policy》2021,50(9):104297

In times of major global interconnectedness and environmental change, the pressure to identify, create, and exploit new resources is certain to intensify. Given that there are unavoidable trade-offs, conflicts, and arenas for violence involved when increasingly more material and immaterial things are turned into resources, we call for explicit research on the very process – a process that we label resourcification. The concept of resourcification shifts attention from essentialist queries about the nature of resources to a focus on the social processes through which things are turned into resources. In search of a better understanding of resources in the Anthropocene and, in particular, an understanding about the way resources emerge and are used, resourcification offers a new conceptual framework that allows for a systematic search for knowledge about the diversity of contexts, conditions, modes, and temporalities of resourcification. This Resourcification Manifesto offers a theoretical and empirical framework for a radical and disruptive approach to innovation, sustainability, and management studies and policies.  相似文献   

Effect of wall permittivity on electroviscous flow through a contraction     

Berry JD  Davidson MR  Bharti RP  Harvie DJ 《Biomicrofluidics》2011,5(4):44102-4410217

The electroviscous flow at low Reynolds number through a two-dimensional slit contraction with electric double-layer overlap is investigated numerically for cases where the permittivity of the wall material is significant in comparison with the permittivity of the liquid. The liquid-solid interface is assumed to have uniform surface-charge density. It is demonstrated that a finite wall permittivity has a marked effect on the distribution of ions in and around the contraction, with a significant build-up of counter-ions observed at the back-step. The development length of the flow increases substantially as the wall permittivity becomes significant, meaning that the electric double-layers require a longer distance to develop within the contraction. Consequently, there is a corresponding decrease in the hydrodynamic and electro-potential resistance caused by the contraction. The effect of wall-region width on the flow characteristics is also quantified, demonstrating that the development length increases with increasing wall-region width for widths up to 5 channel widths.  相似文献   

ATEE Interactive Co-ordination and Educational Monitoring of Socrates Comenius Action 3 Projects     

Arno Libotton  Johan van Braak  Mara Garofalo 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2002,25(1):19-32

The Comenius Action 3 courses were well accepted and showed high quality. But we need a structure for easily monitoring and evaluating these projects. The authors present in this article a pilot project with this purpose. It should be useful in order to implement a system of co-ordination and communication among the different projects, and to evaluate their effectiveness. It also seems essential in order to determine that the EU funds are well invested in projects that fulfil the objective of enhancing and strengthening the European dimension among teachers and teacher trainers.  相似文献