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Roman Kaspar Ottmar Döring Eveline Wittmann Johannes Hartig Ulrike Weyland Annette Nauerth Michaela Möllers Simone Rechenbach Julia Simon Iberé Worofka 《Vocations and Learning》2016,9(2):185-206
Valid and reliable standardized assessment of nursing competencies is needed to monitor the quality of vocational education and training (VET) in nursing and evaluate learning outcomes for care work trainees with increasingly heterogeneous learning backgrounds. To date, however, the modeling of professional competencies has not yet evolved into procedures that would meet large-scale assessment (LSA) standards in VET. To empirically test a proposed structural model for client-directed nursing competence and to estimate psychometric properties of a newly developed video- and computer-based test (CBT) to inform subsequent LSA in nursing VET, 402 final-year nursing students from 24 German schools responded to a 77 item CBT. Multi-dimensional IRT modeling was employed to test the subdomain structure and estimate students’ competencies in geriatric nursing. The standardized CBT measures nursing students’ client-directed care competence with acceptable precision (WLE?=?0.76) and does so across the whole range of observed proficiency levels. Structural validity was supported by substantive contributions of test items from all proposed process-oriented subdomains, practice field scenarios, as well as items with and without reference to emotional demands. However, it was not possible to empirically separate the diagnostic, practical or communicative subdomains, probably reflecting parallel, recursive and hierarchical care processes in complex care situations. On average, students in our sample attained 45 % of the maximum test score so it is a demanding assessment of nursing competence. An extensively piloted, valid and reliable CBT is suggested to assess nursing students’ client-directed care competencies at the end of the third year of the VET program. 相似文献
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Educational Psychology Review - The article focuses on estimating effects in nonrandomized studies with two outcome measurement occasions and one predictor variable. Given such a design, the... 相似文献
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This paper outlines a didactic approach for computer science courses based on the concept of socio-technical Informatics Systems, demonstrating the linkage between computational issues and their manifold social contexts as well as their close relation to social and ethical issues. The analysis of the product–process relationship of software development as a major element of the construction of Informatics Systems leads to the identification of important criteria for designing computer science courses. The selection of application areas as context types, of educational lenses, of methods and of media enables an integrated teaching approach. This kind of integrated approach offers an holistic approach to technical and societal aspects of an Informatics System in computer science education. 相似文献
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A sample of guidance coordinators in New Zealand secondary schools were surveyed to ascertain the operation of guidance networks in catering for students with special needs. Information was obtained on the composition and role function of the network, changes over time, satisfactions and dissatisfactions. Findings indicate that the current emphasis on mainstreaming is aided by the presence of a strong guidance network which collaborates closely in decision‐making and program oversight. The guidance counsellor's role is one of crucial facilitator of management processes, as well as counselling specialist. Effectiveness of functioning is further enhanced by flexibility in role function, close integration with school staff, and clarity of professional goal. Data from this survey need to be corroborated by independent comments from service consumers. 相似文献
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In diesem Beitrag wird dargestellt, dass in Schulentwicklungsprozessen Potentiale für eine weitere Professionalisierung des Lehrerberufs liegen. Schulentwicklung generiert einen bestimmten Handlungstyp im Sinne einer Disposition für die kooperative L?sung unvorhersehbare Problem-und Krisenlagen auf der Ebene der einzelnen Schule. Die Autoren beschreiben auf der Grundlage mehrerer von ihnen durchgeführter hermeneutischfallrekonstruktiv vorgehender Begleitforschungsprojekte zur Schulentwicklung, welche Ver?nderungen sich in Schulentwicklungs-als Unterrichtsentwicklungsprozessen für die T?tigkeit der Lehrerinnen und Lehrer ergeben, um zukunftsoffen mit Unsicherheit umgehen zu k?nnen: 1. Es findet mehr Arbeit in sogenannten Praxisgemeinschaften und Entwicklungsgruppen statt. Dieses ist eine Verst?rkung der Kommunikation über Unterricht und Lernprozesse. 2. Die prozessorientierte ziel-und inhaltsbezogene Differenzierung und Variation von Unterrichtsformen wird gesteigert. 3. Schülerrückmeldungen über eigenes Lernen und den Unterricht werden in diesen integriert. Hier bilden sich neue Kompetenzen zur Diagnose heterogener Lernst?nde und zur Differenzierung von Lernformen und Lernwegen heraus, und es kommt dabei zu einer Ausdifferenzierung von Funktionsbereichen in der Lehrert?tigkeit. 相似文献
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Education 2030, the new global agenda for educational development, emphasises inclusion and learning outcomes. The top-down programme-based approach, a mainstay of international aid, has up to now failed in helping developing countries to meet these objectives because it tends to overlook where the link is broken between policy implementation from the ‘top’ and results ‘on the ground’. Conversely, those on the ground tackling the learning more directly do not seem to have sufficient capacity to use their experiences to inform institutional and systemic reforms, from the bottom up, as it were. The link between policy, its implementation and the results on the ground could be established through strengthened dialogue between these two approaches. Tapping into the existing knowledge and experience on teaching and learning while at the same time addressing institutional and systemic concerns would be instrumental in facilitating interaction between these two facets of international aid. 相似文献