The problem of creating a discipline of distance education     

John J. Sparkes 《Distance Education》1983,4(2):179-186

It is contended that an academic discipline illustrates certain characteristics and functions. The question whether distance education, in its current state, reflects these characteristics is explored.  相似文献   

Differential costs of curricula in Illinois public junior colleges: Some implications for the future     

John T. Warren  Ernest F. Anderson  Thomas L. Hardin 《Research in higher education》1976,4(1):59-67

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the annual cost of operation including depreciation of movable capital equipment for educating one student in each curriculum of selected community colleges and to show the relationship of costs of vocational-technical curricula to the cost for common baccalaureate oriented curricula.A stratified sample of eight community colleges was drawn from those that had been in operation for at least five years.These data indicate that a majority of the courses offered in highly specialized curricula in both the occupational and baccalaureate categories were more expansive than those courses that were common to a wide variety of curricula.This study supports differential program funding to assure continued development of high quality vocational-technical programs in community colleges.  相似文献   

Supporting adaptive learning pathways through the use of learning analytics: developments,challenges and future opportunities     

Anna Mavroudi  Michail Giannakos  John Krogstie 《Interactive Learning Environments》2018,26(2):206-220

Learning Analytics (LA) and adaptive learning are inextricably linked since they both foster technology-supported learner-centred education. This study identifies developments focusing on their interplay and emphasises insufficiently investigated directions which display a higher innovation potential. Twenty-one peer-reviewed studies are identified via a systematic review and classified based on the dimensions of a proposed framework. The findings of the review suggest that interesting work has been carried out during the last years on the topic. We conclude with a need for more research on the topic in specific learning domains and settings. Recommendations include: a clear strategy for adaptation augmented by LA, the combination of on-task with pre-task measures, and the combination of system-controlled adaptation with user-controlled adaptation. Future trends include the emergence of constructivist-collaborative environments that provide insightful models of complex student behaviour.  相似文献   

Courses on university teaching methods   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

John Nisbet 《Higher Education Quarterly》1967,21(2):186-198

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Effect of a conspecific’s presence on deprived rats’ Performance: Social facilitation vs distraction/imitation     

John M. Levine  Thomas R. Zentall 《Learning & behavior》1974,2(2):119-122

The present study investigated effects of (a) conspecific’s “mere presence” and (b) water deprivation on emission of dominant responses by rats. Zajonc (1965) suggests that a conspecific’s presence functions like a physiologically based drive in enhancing performance of dominant responses. Alternative interpretations suggest that a conspecific’s presence impairs performance by distracting the observer or eliciting imitation of “irrelevant” responses. The social facilitation vs distraction/imitation hypotheses were tested in a 2 by 2 design: Barpress-trained rats, deprived of water for 4 or 23 h, barpressed for water in the presence of a naive rat or alone. Results supported social facilitation theory: Performance was significantly higher when the conspecific was present rather than absent and when the responder was 23 h rather than 4 h deprived. In reconciling these data with conflicting results, it was suggested that degree of contact may be important in determining how a conspecific’s presence affects performance of dominant responses.  相似文献   

Streaming and Subject Specialism at Key Stage 2: a survey in two local authorities     

John Lee  Paul Croll 《Educational studies》1995,21(2):155-165

Following recent debates about the most appropriate form of school and curriculum organisation at Key Stage 2, a survey was conducted of the practice and views of 246 headteachers in two local education authorities (LEAs) with regard to streaming and subject specialism. The results show that there is very little streaming by ability and, except for music, very little subject specialist teaching. Practice with regard to curriculum integration was more varied although hardly any schools operated an entirely integrated curriculum. Only a minority of heads thought it would be possible to introduce streaming or specialist teaching in their schools, but the heads of the largest schools were very much more likely to think this possible. Heads’ views on these matters were considerably more varied than their practice, with a substantial minority of heads seeing value in streaming and in subject specialist teaching. The study shows the complexity of the relationship between educational beliefs and practices and shows that there is considerable potential for experiment with more varied practice.  相似文献   

Using student norms to create positive learning environments     

John M. Braxton  Timothy C. Caboni 《About Campus》2005,9(6):2-7

Ever since brash young students goaded one another to race chariots through the streets of the ancient world, elders have tried to understand and harness the energy of late adolescent normative group behavior. John Braxton and Timothy Caboni introduce a perspective and survey instrument that may help today's educators do just that.  相似文献   

Variations in fathers’ discourse on fatherhood and in family alliances during infancy     

France Frascarolo  Chantal Zaouche-Gaudron  Véronique Rouyer  Nicolas Favez 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2005,20(2):185-199

The aim of this pilot study is to analyse the discourse of fathers of toddlers concerning fatherhood and the link between some particularities in the discourse and family alliance. The sample consists of 13 Swiss first time fathers (5 fathers of girls and 8 of boys). In order to evaluate the paternal discourse, the fathers were given a semistructured interview, which was later analysed using the research package Alceste. The family alliance, i.e., the degree of coordination among the partners when executing a task together, was assessed through the Lausanne Trilogue Play (Fivaz-Depeursinge & Corboz-Warnery, 1999). The main results indicated an interesting link between classes of paternal discourse grouped around the following themes “affective relationship”, “daily routine” and “educational goals”, and the family alliance (defined in two major categories; functional and problematic alliances). Finally, clinical perspectives on links between paternal representations and family functioning at an interactive level are discussed.  相似文献   

Parent academic involvement as related to school behavior, achievement, and aspirations: demographic variations across adolescence   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Hill NE  Castellino DR  Lansford JE  Nowlin P  Dodge KA  Bates JE  Pettit GS 《Child development》2004,75(5):1491-1509

A longitudinal model of parent academic involvement, behavioral problems, achievement, and aspirations was examined for 463 adolescents, followed from 7th (approximately 12 years old) through 11th (approximately 16 years old) grades. Parent academic involvement in 7th grade was negatively related to 8th-grade behavioral problems and positively related to 11th-grade aspirations. There were variations across parental education levels and ethnicity: Among the higher parental education group, parent academic involvement was related to fewer behavioral problems, which were related to achievement and then aspirations. For the lower parental education group, parent academic involvement was related to aspirations but not to behavior or achievement. Parent academic involvement was positively related to achievement for African Americans but not for European Americans. Parent academic involvement may be interpreted differently and serve different purposes across sociodemographic backgrounds.  相似文献   

GAP: a Graphics Authoring Package which produces BASIC from graphical input     

Nigel Oseland  Robert Collins  John Hegarty 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》1990,21(3):203-214

The authors argue that there is a need for a microcomputer software authoring package which produces graphics. The novel feature of the Graphics Authoring Package (GAP) which they developed is that it produces Basic code from the user's graphical input. GAP is described together with the results of an evaluation study. The results indicate that the package is easy to use, effective in rapidly producing graphics code and that, in general, it fills a gap in the current range of educational software.  相似文献