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91.
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The Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test (EOWPVT) is a screening instrument used to derive an estimate of general verbal intelligence. The purpose of this paper is to present five clinical case studies of children with depressed performance on the EOWPVT to illustrate differential performance outcomes that are not attributable to a single causal factor (i.e., general verbal intelligence). It is proposed that the utility of the EOWPVT, from a qualitative and analytic perspective, may provide more than just a measure of general verbal intelligence.  相似文献   
93.
Memory tests, such as the Learning Efficiency Test-II (LET-II), have frequently been used to describe the memory characteristics of special populations such as persons with learning disabilities, brain damage, or Alzheimer's disease. Yet, few research studies have examined the memory characteristics of normally functioning children and compared these characteristics to their performance on ability tests or real-life achievement criteria. This study investigates the predictive and concurrent validities of the LET-II for performance on the Kuhlmann-Anderson Tests (K-A), class grades, and actual grade level functioning in reading and mathematics for third and fourth grade children of average intelligence. The LET-II memory factor scores correlated significantly with the K-A scores, class grades and actual grade level functioning in reading. The relevance of these findings for norm-referenced psychological tests, and in particular memory tests, in real-life settings is examined. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.  相似文献   
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This study assessed muscular torque and rate of torque development following concentric (CON) or eccentric (ECC) isokinetic training. Thirty-eight women were randomly assigned to either CON or ECC training groups. Training consisted of knee extension and flexion of the nondominant leg three times per week for 20 weeks (SD = 1). Eccentric training increased ECC knee extension and flexion peak torque more than CON training. The ECC group improved acceleration time and time to peak torque with ECC movements versus the CON group. Slow-velocity ECC isokinetic training yielded greater ECC and similar CON torque development gains versus CON training over the course of 20 weeks in young women.  相似文献   
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This study used a multivariate approach and longitudinal design to examine the relationship of early perceptual and cognitive development to later school achievement. The extent to which a set of 4th-grade achievement measures could be predicted from a set of variables collected when the students were in first grade was determined through a series of canonical and multiple correlation analyses. These results were compared to results of an earlier phase of the study. Similarities between the two phases indicated that: (a) A measure of visual perception added significantly to the prediction of achievement afforded by consideration of sex and academic aptitude. (b) The variables used to predict achievement may differ somewhat between boys and girls. (c) The usefulness of sex as a predictor of school achievement depends upon the specific achievement area under consideration. Differences in the two phases involved the extent to which sex was a predictor of a specific achievement area.  相似文献   
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This study examined the effects of prior exercise on the lactate (Tlac) and ventilatory (Tvent) thresholds. Ten healthy male subjects volunteered to perform one-legged cycling. Muscle glycogen reduction was achieved by cycling at 75-85% of maximal heart rate for 60-75 min, and by a low carbohydrate diet. Pre- and post-exercise tests for measuring the thresholds employed a 3-min continuous protocol in 16 W increments. Muscle biopsies (n = 3) were taken from the vastus lateralis before the 'prior exercise' (PE) ride, the post-PE threshold test, and before testing the non-exercised (NE) leg. An i.v. catheter was used for serial blood lactate concentration determination during rest and the final 30 s of each progressive load. Ventilatory gas analyses were performed every 30 s. Biopsies showed that the PE and diet regimen reduced muscle glycogen in the PE leg (46.7%) and NE leg (36.4%). Venous blood lactate and respiratory exchange ratio (R) were reduced at Tlac and Tvent in both the PE and NE leg. The VO2 at a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol l-1 was elevated in the PE leg at Tlac (2.89 versus 2.46 1 min-1), but not in the NE leg at Tlac. These results suggest that lactate concentration at Tlac and Tvent is reduced by endurance exercise performed 24 h prior to testing, and that the central circulation plays a major role in this response. Furthermore, since blood lactate is reduced at the thresholds by prior exercise, the use of a lactate level of 4 mmol l-1 as a criterion for Tlac should be interpreted cautiously.  相似文献   
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