Impacts of “Perestroyka”and the FSU economic crisis upon communication in FSU science: A study of the life sciences     

Valentina Markusova  Belver C. Griffith  William D. Garvey 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1996,12(1):51-63

Surveys of scientists' communication behaviours were carried out in a variety of institutions engaged in life science research within the former Soviet Union (FSU). The surveys followed the methodology developed by Garvey and Griffith and used in a variety of studies of information flows in various disciplines within the United States.¹ The outcome was a contemporary overview of communication practices which showed, as expected, the devastating effects of the current economic plight of the FSU. It also reveals contrasts between the academy-institute structure of the FSU and more entrepreneurial independent university structure of the West. An extremely important result was the discovery of the extent and ingenuity of cooperative relationships with western scientists to sustain continuing scientific work in the FSU. These were initiated under perestroyka and are now proving essential. The present findings are being used, as a practical matter, to guide and information VINITI policy in furnishing information services to the FSU.  相似文献   

Standardization and diversity in curriculum design: The case of Ontario     

Vandra Lea Masemann 《Prospects》1996,26(3):576-588

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Merging mind-sets: Training as a traditional Chinese scroll mounter within the British Museum,London, UK     

Carol Weiss  Valentina Marabini 《文物保护研究》2014,59(5):S277-S278

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Beliefs von Studierenden sonder- und grundschulpädagogischer Studiengänge     

Prof. Dr. Vera Moser  Dr. Jan Kuhl  Hubertus Redlich  Lea Schäfer 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2014,17(4):661-678

The implementation of inclusion in schools currently requires new reflections of competence profiles of the teachers involved. Especially in elementary school, which can so far be considered as the most developed institution of inclusive schooling in Germany, questions of differences in the profiles of elementary and special education teachers have been raised. As professional skills also have motivational and volitional aspects, a beliefs model (domain overlapping) was developed based on the construction of the TEDS-M research project, which aims to study specific special educational beliefs. Using a quantitative questionnaire designed in the context of a corresponding preliminary investigation a three-factor-solution for mapping a special supportive belief profile among student teachers and teachers in the field of elementary and special education was tested. Initially this profile model was confirmed by the results of a subsequent analysis based on a nationwide sample of elementary school and special education students (N = 951). In addition to these findings different manifestations of the beliefs model could be identified among student teachers for elementary schools and student teachers for special education.  相似文献   

Information Resources Generated by the Largest Library in Siberia to Support Multidisciplinary Research     

Olga L’vovna Lavrik  Tatyana Busygina  Valentina Rykova 《Slavic & East European Information Resources》2013,14(1-2):13-21

The article presents the evolution of the bibliographic resources created by Gosudarstvennaia publichnaia nauchno-tekhnicheskaia biblioteka Sibirskogo otdeleniia Rossiiskoi akademii nauk (GPNTB SO RAN) [State Public Scientific-Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences] to provide information support to researchers of SO RAN. The components of these resources are described briefly: bibliographic databases, databases of abstracts, full-text thematic databases, and problem-specific databases. Also discussed are ways to improve these library information products.  相似文献   

Is an integrative laboratory algorithm more effective in detecting alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency in patients with premature chronic obstructive pulmonary disease than AAT concentration based screening approach?     

Andjelo Beletic  Aleksandra Dudvarski-Ilic  Branislava Milenkovic  Ljudmila Nagorni-Obradovic  Mila Ljujic  Valentina Djordjevic  Dusko Mirkovic  Dragica Radojkovic  Nada Majkic-Singh 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2014,24(2):293-298

Introduction:

Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), genetic risk factor for premature chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), often remains undetected. The aim of our study was to analyse the effectiveness of an integrative laboratory algorithm for AATD detection in patients diagnosed with COPD by the age of 45 years, in comparison with the screening approach based on AAT concentration measurement alone.

Subjects and methods:

50 unrelated patients (28 males/22 females, age 52 (24–75 years) diagnosed with COPD before the age of 45 years were enrolled. Immunonephelometric assay for alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) and PCR-reverse hybridization for Z and S allele were first-line, and isoelectric focusing and DNA sequencing (ABI Prism BigDye) were reflex tests.

Results:

AATD associated genotypes were detected in 7 patients (5 ZZ, 1 ZM_malton, 1 ZQ0_amersfoort), 10 were heterozygous carriers (8 MZ and 2 MS genotypes) and 33 were without AATD (MM genotype). Carriers and patients without AATD had comparable AAT concentrations (P = 0.125). In majority of participants (48) first line tests were sufficient to analyze AATD presence. In two remaining cases reflex tests identified rare alleles, M_malton and Q0_amersfoort, the later one being reported for the first time in Serbian population. Detection rate did not differ between algorithm and screening both for AATD (P = 0.500) and carriers (P = 0.063).

Conclusion:

There is a high prevalence of AATD affected subjects and carriers in a group of patients with premature COPD. The use of integrative laboratory algorithm does not improve the effectiveness of AATD detection in comparison with the screening based on AAT concentration alone.  相似文献   

The structuration of socio-technical regimes—Conceptual foundations from institutional theory   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lea Fuenfschilling  Bernhard Truffer 《Research Policy》2014

In recent years, socio-technical transitions literature has gained importance in addressing long-term, transformative change in various industries. In order to account for the inertia and path-dependency experienced in these sectors, the concept of the socio-technical regime has been formulated. Socio-technical regimes denote the paradigmatic core of a sector, which results from the co-evolution of institutions and technologies over time. Despite its widespread acceptance, the regime concept has repeatedly been criticized for lacking a clear operationalization. As a consequence, empirical applications tend to depict regimes as too ‘monolithic’ and ‘homogenous’, not adequately considering persistent institutional tensions and contradictions. These are however crucial for assessing transition dynamics. In this paper, we revisit two concepts from institutional theory that enable an explicit identification of socio-technical regimes and more generally a specification of the ‘semi-coherence’ of socio-technical systems. First, we will show that ‘levels of structuration’ can be conceptualized as degrees of institutionalization, thereby treating institutionalization as a variable with different effects on actors, the stability of the system and thus the potential for change. Secondly, we draw on the institutional logics approach to characterize the content of various structural elements present in a system and to trace conflicts and contradictions between them. We illustrate this approach with an empirical in-depth analysis of the transformation of the Australian urban water sector since the 1970ies.  相似文献   

Immigration and supplementary ethnic schooling: Ukrainian students in Portugal     

Antonina Tereshchenko  Valeska Valentina Grau Cárdenas 《Educational studies》2013,39(4):455-467

Immigration from Eastern European countries to Portugal is a recent phenomenon. Within the last decade, economic migrants from Ukraine, Russia, Romania and Moldova set up a number of supplementary schools across the country. No academic attention has been given to the phenomenon of supplementary ethnic schools in Portugal, whilst there is a growing interest in and beyond Europe in the ways they serve as cultural, social and political sources for identity negotiation, and structures for social capital formation in migrant communities. This study addresses this gap in knowledge. Drawing on a survey completed by 184 students between the ages of 12 and 20, attending eight Ukrainian supplementary schools, this paper contributes to wider international research through its mapping of the population of Ukrainian schools in Portugal and examining students’ reasons for attendance, highlighting both positive and negative aspects of their experiences. Recommendations are made for schools in light of the findings.  相似文献   

Supporting preschoolers’ cognitive development: Short- and mid-term effects of fluid reasoning,visuospatial, and motor training     

Valentina Gizzonio  Maria Chiara Bazzini  Cosima Marsella  Pamela Papangelo  Giacomo Rizzolatti  Maddalena Fabbri-Destro 《Child development》2022,93(1):134-149

Cognitive abilities are essential to children's overall growth; thus, the implementation of early and effective training interventions is a major challenge for developmental psychologists and teachers. This study explores whether an intervention simultaneously operating on fluid reasoning (FR), visuospatial, narrative, and motor abilities could boost these competencies in a group of Italian preschoolers (N = 108, 54 males 54 females, Age_mean = 4.04). FR and visuospatial abilities showed training-related increases at the end of the training and 1-year follow-up (moderate effect size). Interestingly, positive correlations with working memory and mathematical abilities were found. Beyond their scientific relevance, the short- and long-term effects provide fundamental indications for designing and implementing educational programs dedicated to preschoolers.  相似文献   

Orchestrating children’s action: an in-depth multimodal analysis of child-educator interactions in one Italian early childhood education setting     

Fatigante  Marilena  Antici  Lilia  Zucchermaglio  Cristina  Fantasia  Valentina  Alby  Francesca 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2022,37(3):649-679

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