The Global/Local Book Publishing (R)evolution     

Leonard S. Marcus 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2016,32(1):64-69

In the decades since the Second World War, interest in Western-style children’s books has expanded in tandem with the growth of a literacy-minded global middle class. Now, as publishing for young people takes root for the first time in nations as economically and culturally diverse as Mexico, Saudi Arabia, and China, the opportunities for rights exchanges, co-editions, and other forms of industry cooperation across national and cultural borders are greater than ever.  相似文献   

Time and response matching with topographically different responses     

John Hanson  Leonard Green 《Learning & behavior》1986,14(4):435-442

Four pigeons were exposed to several nonindependent concurrent variable-interval schedules of reinforcement. One schedule component required a keypecking response; the other component required a treadlepressing response. The birds matched the ratio of their behavior (as measured by responses and time) between the two topographically different responses to the ratio of reinforcement in those two components. When additional foods not contingent on a keypeck or treadle-press were then added, the birds matched time spent in the components to total rates of food delivered in those components; response matching was somewhat disrupted. The matching law, developed under concurrent variable-interval schedules requiring similar responses, can thus account for choice behavior involving topographically different responses.  相似文献   

Operant responding by bonnet macaques for color videotape recordings of social stimuli     

Karyl B. Swartz  Leonard A. Rosenblum 《Learning & behavior》1980,8(2):311-321

Socially reared juvenile bonnet macaques responded at high sustained levels in an operant task for presentation of color videotaped television images of social stimuli. Absolute levels of response depended upon the nature of the stimulus. In two experiments, subjects responded at 60.8% and 74.6% of the 1-h experimental sessions for presentation of a color videotape of a conspecific adult female moving freely in an enclosed stimulus chamber. In a later experiment, subjects maintained high levels of response during 15-min sessions for presentations of the conspecific image, but responded with significantly shorter duration responses for similar presentation of a videotape of an adult female of another macaque species, a still picture of a conspecific adult female, and a videotape of the empty stimulus chamber. With longer, 1-h, stimulus presentation, the three social stimuli sustained high levels of response while responses for presentation of the empty stimulus chamber waned significantly over the experimental session. The sustained high levels of response obtained over several hours of stimulus presentation suggest the value of color videotape stimuli in the experimental study of social perception in nonhuman primates.  相似文献   

COMPUTER MEDIATED EXPERIENCE AND EDUCATION     

Leonard J. Waks 《Educational theory》2001,51(4):415-432

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Estimation of the Reliability of Differences Under Revised Reliabilities of Component Scores     

Leonard S. Feldt 《Journal of Educational Measurement》1995,32(3):295-301

Projecting the changes in the reliability of a difference score (d =× - Y ) as a consequence of changes in the reliabilities of X and Y does not represent a straightforward application of the Spearman-Brown formula. Formulas are developed for estimating the changes in the reliability of X-Y under two possible assumptions: (a ) × and Y have equal variances both before and after their reliabilities are altered, and (b ) × and Y have unequal variances before and after × and Y are modified. The second of these situations, which includes the first as a special case, is probably the more common .  相似文献   

Perceived teacher directiveness,student variables,grades, and satisfaction: aptitude x treatment interactions?     

Stewart J. H. McCann  Robert H. Short  Leonard L. Stewin 《Instructional Science》1986,15(1):131-164

Researchers have reported that student authoritarianism, dogmatism, intelligence, convergent-divergent abilities, conceptual level, anxiety, compulsivity, achievement motivation, achievement orientation, locus of control, independence-dependence, and extraversion-introversion interact with teacher directiveness in relation to grades and satisfaction. Evidence that the student variables are moderately intercorrelated suggested that some of the interactions may not be independent. The present study was initiated to simplify the multivariate nature of these interactive patterns by carrying out a modified stepwise regression analysis of the twelve interactions which could result in a lesser number of nonredundant interactions emerging, weighted according to how much unique variance they could account for in grades and satisfaction. Data were collected from 445 students in the classes of 26 Grade 11 and 12 English teachers at five schools in regard to English grades, satisfaction with the teacher and the course, the 12 student variables, and perceived teacher directiveness. Only achievement motivation produced significant interactions. Consequently, the planned regression models could not be constructed.  相似文献   

Predicting predictability: The influence of student and institutional characteristics on the prediction of grades     

Leonard L. Baird 《Research in higher education》1984,21(3):261-279

This study examined the statistical and institutional influences on the prediction of first-year college grades, using data from College Board validity studies and the College Handbook. The criterion was the size of the multiple correlation between academic predictors and first-year college grades. The independent variables were the statistical data of the validity study and college characteristics. In general, the extent of the variation of the academic ability of the students was positively related to the size of the multiple correlation, and the heterogeneity of the programs and experience of college negatively related. Further analyses investigated the characteristics that were associated with the greater or lesser efficiency of the predictors (SAT Verbal and Mathematical and high school grades.)  相似文献   

Writing for Science as Scholarly Communication     

Finegold  Leonard 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2002,11(3):255-260

A humane method (from the perspective of faculty and of students) to improve the writing of students, from freshmen to graduate, is described. This method follows the standard procedure of submission of a paper to a journal, whereby the students (peer) review each other's work, revise their papers in light of the referee's comments (or rebut them). Then acceptance for publication by the editor is marked by a high grade. It has been used in a variety of physics-related courses (astronomy, high-fidelity sound, biophysics), and also in general university-wide courses (The Atomic Bomb, The Bhagavad-Gita). The method introduces students to broadly-accepted scholarly communication modes of communicating ideas, with anonymous reviews. With suitable organization the time spent by faculty can be readily reduced, and faculty efficiency improved, to make the method convenient and viable. Also, it seems that other disciplines can use this method to advantage.  相似文献   

The ‘Re‐visioning’ of Vocational Education in the American High School     

Leonard Cantor 《比较教育学》1989,25(2):125-132

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A focused analysis of TVET: unique opportunities and strategies for investing in and engaging youth in Nicaraguan society     

Nicole S. Webster  Erica B. Sausner 《Journal of Vocational Education & Training》2017,69(4):451-472

Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) is increasingly emphasised by international education organisations. In Nicaragua, particularly, this type of engagement is viewed as a potential for boosting the economy, improving employment and building the infrastructure and sustainability of remote and marginalised communities. To date, one specific region in Nicaragua has thoughtfully engaged multiple sectors to support TVET through public–private partnerships (PPPs) and community-level networks. The data for this article were collected through in-person interviews with TVET stakeholders over a two-week site visit in support of a USAID evaluation. In addition to interviews, data collection included analyses of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges of TVET providers in the region. This study considers the demographics, economics and educational realities of Nicaragua and the potential for PPPs to enhance opportunities for youth and community development.  相似文献