Processing of contour information by human infants evidenced by pattern-dependent evoked potentials     

B Z Karmel  R F Hoffmann  M J Fegy 《Child development》1974,45(1):39-48

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Male vulnerability to reading disability is not likely to be a myth: a call for new data     

Liederman J  Kantrowitz L  Flannery K 《Journal of learning disabilities》2005,38(2):109-129

Whether boys are more vulnerable than girls to reading disabilities (RD) is controversial. We review studies that were designed to minimize ascertainment bias in the selection of individuals with RD. These include population-based studies that identified children with RD by objective, unbiased methods and studies that examined the gender ratios among the affected relatives of those diagnosed with RD. We conclude that even when ascertainment biases are minimized, there is still a significant preponderance of boys with RD, although the gender ratio of the affected relatives of those with RD manifests the weakest male bias. Furthermore, we demonstrate that potentially confounding factors such as attentional or neurological problems, race, IQ, and severity of RD cannot account for the observed gender bias. We end with a clarion call to future researchers to (a) consider analyzing gender differences by means of more than one definition of RD, (b) compare gender ratios when boys and girls are ranked against the performance of their own gender as opposed to an average across genders, and (c) report group differences in variability and effect sizes of obtained gender ratios.  相似文献   

Defining information: An analysis of the information content of documents     

Eliahu Hoffmann 《Information processing & management》1980,16(6):291-304

In order to characterize the information content of scientific documents an appropriate definition is developed which is based on the facts and data reported therein and on their conceptual interrelationship. The scope and limitations of such a definition are discussed and it is used to carry out the content analysis of a scientific paper and its abstract. The results of these analyses are represented in graphic form, evaluated and compared.  相似文献   

Tactile training facilitates infants' ability to reach to targets on the body     

Eszter Somogyi  Mollie Hamilton  Lisa K. Chinn  Lisa Jacquey  Tobias Heed  Matej Hoffmann  Jeffrey J. Lockman  Jacqueline Fagard  J. Kevin O'Regan 《Child development》2023,94(3):e154-e165

This longitudinal study investigated the effect of experience with tactile stimulation on infants' ability to reach to targets on the body, an important adaptive skill. Infants were provided weekly tactile stimulation on eight body locations from 4 to 8 months of age (N = 11), comparing their ability to reach to the body to infants in a control group who did not receive stimulation (N = 10). Infants who received stimulation were more likely to successfully reach targets on the body than controls by 7 months of age. These findings indicate that tactile stimulation facilitates the development of reaching to the body by allowing infants to explore the sensorimotor correlations emerging from the stimulation.  相似文献   

Enhancing school climate through social and emotional learning: effects of RULER in Mexican secondary schools     

Baumsteiger  Rachel  Hoffmann  Jessica D.  Castillo-Gualda  Ruth  Brackett  Marc A. 《Learning Environments Research》2022,25(2):465-483

Learning Environments Research - We investigated the impact of RULER—an evidence-based approach to social and emotional learning—on school climate. Students and teachers from 37 Mexican...  相似文献