Predicting Ratings of Counselor Trainee Empathy With Self-Report Anxiety Measures and Skin Conductance     

JAMES T. BOWMAN  J. MARTIN GIESEN 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1982,22(2):154-161

This study sought to determine the degree of relationship between clients' and judges' ratings of counselor trainee empathy and self-report anxiety and skin conductance measures.  相似文献   

Experimental Research and the Managerial Attitude: a tension to be resolved?     

MARTIN BENNINGHOFF  & PHILIPPE SORMANI 《European Journal of Education》2008,43(3):265-280

This article analyses some typical consequences of a specific research policy on experimental research in biology. The policy is conducted by a national funding agency — the Swiss National Science Foundation — through a particular programme, the 'National Centres of Competence in Research' which is designed to promote both 'scientific excellence' and 'managerial professionalism'. To study the possible tension between the two objectives, as a practical matter for researchers, the proposed analysis focuses on the interaction between two laboratory scientists and the administrators of a genomic platform. Access to the instruments of this platform is granted through a preliminary interview with those in charge of the platform. During that interview, researchers are required to explain why they want to use the platform services and what their expectations concerning their envisaged activities are. A tape-recorded interview is analysed in order to describe how turns at talking by the various parties, as well as the formulation of the problems encountered by a researcher, prove category-bound. The first part of the meeting ('problem exposition') is structured by the categorical device 'generalist researcher vs. specialist researcher', whilst the second part ('problem solving') is organised by the categorical device 'manager vs. user of the platform'. The 'scientific' problem becomes a 'technical' one and the choice of technique is partly based on financial reasons. The situation shows how managerial injunctions of research policy are not without practical consequences for research activities in situ .  相似文献   

Children's ethnic attitudes: I. relationship to certain personality factors     

GOUGH HG  HARRIS DB  MARTIN WE  EDWARDS M 《Child development》1950,21(2):83-91

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The Home School Knowledge Exchange Project: linking home and school to improve children's literacy     

ANTHONY FEILER  JANE ANDREWS  PAMELA GREENHOUGH  MARTIN HUGHES  DAVID JOHNSON  MARY SCANLAN  WAN CHING YEE 《Support for Learning》2008,23(1):12-18

The Government is urging teachers to engage more closely with families and is promoting the concept of the ‘extended’ school. This article reports on the literacy strand of the Home School Knowledge Exchange (HSKE) project, directed by Professor Martin Hughes at the University of Bristol. A selection of literacy activities developed during this project is discussed – activities that enabled teachers and parents to share their knowledge about children in order to enhance their learning. These included ‘school‐to‐home’ activities where the direction of knowledge was primarily from teachers to families and ‘home‐to‐school’ activities where families' knowledge of children impacted on school learning. Practical aspects of planning and conducting home–school knowledge exchange activities are discussed, and challenges are explored. The approaches presented in this article provide examples that could be considered and adapted by schools interested in extending their provision for families. This article draws on the recently published Improving Primary Literacy: Linking Home and School ( Feiler et al., 2007 ).  相似文献   

Toward an Information-Processing Theory of Client Change in Counseling     

JACK MARTIN 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1985,25(2):107-121

A model of the cognitive structures and processes thought to compose the human information-processing system is presented. Possible difficulties in processing information are discussed because these may contribute to client problems and concerns. Recent work in applying understandings, from human information processing to an elucidation of client change in counseling, is reviewed. Information-processing models of client-centered and rational-emotive counseling are constructed that relate counseling skills and strategies employed in these approaches to hypothesized client cognitive changes. An integrated view of client cognitive change in counseling also is presented. Possible directions for research and theorizing in counseling and counselor education from the perspective of human information processing are mentioned briefly.  相似文献   

Learning from equations or words   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MARTIN LEUNG  RENAE LOW  JOHN SWELLER 《Instructional Science》1997,25(1):37-70

A series of four experiments was designed to study the cognitive load consequences of learning from equations, as compared to words. Cognitive load theory suggests that some instructional procedures require learners to engage in cognitive activities solely because of the manner in which information is presented rather than because of intrinsic characteristics of the material. As a consequence, a heavy extraneous cognitive load that interferes with learning may be imposed. It is suggested that in studying equations with unfamiliar notations, a heavy extraneous cognitive load is generated because mental integration of notations and meanings is required. The results of Experiment 1 supported this suggestion. Experiment 2 found that when an equation format involves simple equations and familiar notations, it is more effective than an equivalent verbal format which requires substantial reading. Experiment 3 showed that when the use of notations becomes automated after extended practice and thus reduces the extraneous cognitive load required to mentally integrate notations and meanings, an equation format can be more effective than a verbal format. Experiment 4 indicated that supplementing a concise equation format with extensive verbal information does not assist learning, because processing the extensive verbal information induces a heavy cognitive load which creates redundancy effects. It was concluded that the efficacy of equations or words may depend, in part, on their cognitive load consequences.  相似文献   

An Introduction     

MARTIN H. RITCHIE 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1994,33(4):337-338

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Instructional Supervision in Counselor Training     

JACK MARTIN  BRYAN A. HIEBERT  RONALD W. MARX 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1981,20(3):193-202

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DEWEY'S CONCEPT OF COMMUNICATION AND "MINDFUL" BEHAVIOR     

JOHN MARTIN RICH 《Educational theory》1960,10(3):205-209

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Religious schools in London: school admissions,religious composition and selectivity     

MARTIN THRUPP  HEATHER MANSELL  LAURA HAWKSWORTH  BARBARA HAROLD 《牛津教育评论》2013,39(4):471-484

While policy makers and school effectiveness researchers often insist that schools can make a substantial difference to student achievement, it is less clear whether school staff themselves really believe this. This paper draws on qualitative research in New Zealand schools where teachers, principals (heads) and trustees (governors) were asked how accountable they felt school staff could actually be for student outcomes. In contrast to official discourses about the responsibilities of teachers, the often complex responses of those interviewed illustrated relatively modest expectations of the ability of schools to affect student outcomes. The findings suggest that school staff have yet to take to heart the school effectiveness research catchcry that ‘schools can make a difference’ but that they also struggle to avoid a deficit approach without a stronger sociological understanding of the reasons for student failure.  相似文献