Reply to “hearts and minds in the science classroom: The education of a confirmed evolutionist revisited”     

David F. Jackson  Elizabeth C. Doster  Lee Meadows 《科学教学研究杂志》1997,34(1):93-94

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Time-in/time-out as a response to noncompliance and inappropriate behavior with children with developmental disabilities: Two case studies     

D. Joe Olmi  Robert C. Sevier  Deborah F. Nastasi 《Psychology in the schools》1997,34(1):31-39

Time-in and time-out were used to treat inappropriate and noncompliant behaviors in a child with severe language disabilities and a child with a moderate mental disability and cerebral palsy. The target behaviors for Jeremy were compliance with first-time presented teacher instructions, elopement and aggression. Prior to intervention, archival baseline data for Jeremy suggested a compliance rate with teacher directives of approximately 9% and a high frequency of elopement and aggression. Following implementation of a compliance training package, compliance to teacher directives increased to 97% within the first week of intervention and minimal instances of elopement and aggression. Two, 24, and 40-week follow-up compliance checks yielded mean rates of 98%, 99%, and 98% respectively and no elopement or aggression. Reduction in object tossing behaviors was targeted for Jenny. Archival baseline, indicated through parent report, suggested tossing rates of 80% of the times objects were in hand. Frequency of object tossing behavior decreased to a near-zero level during intervention. The use of this intervention package with children in an effort to deter future chronic noncompliance and inappropriate behavior is discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.  相似文献   

An introduction to competency analysis and modeling     

Anne F. Marrelli 《Performance Improvement》1998,37(5):8-17

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Dielectrophoresis of DNA: Quantification by impedance measurements     

Anja Henning  Frank. F. Bier  Ralph H?lzel 《Biomicrofluidics》2010,4(2)

Dielectrophoretic properties of DNA have been determined by measuring capacitance changes between planar microelectrodes. DNA sizes ranged from 100 bp to 48 kbp, DNA concentrations from below 0.1 to 70 μg∕ml. Dielectrophoretic spectra exhibited maximum response around 3 kHz and 3 MHz. The strongest response was found for very long DNA (above 10 kbp) and for short 100 bp fragments, which corresponds to the persistence length of DNA. The method allows for an uncomplicated, automatic acquisition of the dielectrophoretic properties of submicroscopical objects without the need for labeling protocols or optical accessibility.  相似文献   

Navigating barriers: A qualitative examination of the under-representation of Black females as head coaches in collegiate basketball     

John F. Borland  Jennifer E. Bruening 《Sport Management Review》2010,13(4):407-420

Although sport management researchers have produced findings with regard to diversity in the leadership positions of college athletics, this examination has focused separately on gender (Inglis et al., 1996, Inglis et al., 2000; Inglis, Danylchuk, & Pastore, 2000; Knoppers et al., 1991, National Collegiate Athletic Association, 2009a, Sartore and Cunningham, 2007) or race (Cunningham and Sagas, 2004a, Cunningham and Sagas, 2004b, Cunningham et al., 2001, Cunningham et al., 2006). The current study, framed by intersectionality, identifies barriers contributing to the under-representation of Black women in head coaching jobs in Division I women's basketball in the United States. The assistant coaches cited access discrimination, lack of support, and prevalent stereotypes as barriers. In negotiating these barriers, the women discussed the importance of networking, mentoring and presenting “a proper image” for big-time athletics. To eradicate these barriers, the women recommended expanding job pools; more mentoring by athletic department personnel; and more development programs offered for young Black females.  相似文献   

库珀中心纵向研究：有氧运动的灵魂          下载免费PDF全文

Stephen W. Farrell  Laura F. DeFin  阎海 《体育科研》2018,(6):3-18

目的：为肯尼斯·库珀（Kenneth H. Cooper）于1970年提出的库珀中心纵向研究（CCLS）提供详细历史。方法：对库珀中心纵向研究人群和库珀诊所所检查的重要参数,以及库珀诊所患者的各种疾病发病率和死亡率进行数据描述。并对近50年来已发表的库珀中心纵向研究的主要研究结果进行总结。结果：在库珀诊所检查期间,通过最大跑台运动测试客观地测量出的心肺功能（CRF）已成为各种疾病发病率和死亡率的强大且独立的风险因素。更具体地说,库珀中心纵向研究明确表明,中高水平的心肺功能与人体全因、心血管疾病和癌症死亡率有显著相关关系。此外,已经证明,中年人群的心肺水平是全因痴呆、Ⅱ型糖尿病、慢性肾病、癌症发病率和存活率以及一些其他慢性疾病的预测因子。因此,库珀中心纵向研究结果还表明,中年人群的心肺水平与老年时期的医疗保健成本呈显著相关。结论：除罕见情况以外,已经进行了近50年的库珀中心纵向研究的研究结果表明,相对于较低水平的心肺功能,中高水平的心肺功能可以有效预防许多疾病。  相似文献   

Conduct disorder and comorbidity     

Nicole D. Stahl  Harvey F. Clarizio 《Psychology in the schools》1999,36(1):41-50

Conduct Disorder (CD) research is focusing on complex issues introduced by comorbidity because of its widespread existence, thoeretical importance and practical significance. This review provides critical examination of research published during the past ten years addressing CD and its comorbid conditions, specifically Attention‐Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), and internalizing disorders. It is concluded that comorbidity varies with age, gender, informant, diagnostic criteria, and nature of the sample (clinical vs. epidemiological). Implications of comorbidity for etiology, diagnosis, treatment, law, and policy and preventive efforts in work with children and adolescents with CD are offered for school psychologists. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.  相似文献   

Division of labour and sharing of knowledge for synchronous collaborative information retrieval     

Colum Foley  Alan F. Smeaton 《Information processing & management》2010

Synchronous collaborative information retrieval (SCIR) is concerned with supporting two or more users who search together at the same time in order to satisfy a shared information need. SCIR systems represent a paradigmatic shift in the way we view information retrieval, moving from an individual to a group process and as such the development of novel IR techniques is needed to support this. In this article we present what we believe are two key concepts for the development of effective SCIR namely division of labour (DoL) and sharing of knowledge (SoK). Together these concepts enable coordinated SCIR such that redundancy across group members is reduced whilst enabling each group member to benefit from the discoveries of their collaborators. In this article we outline techniques from state-of-the-art SCIR systems which support these two concepts, primarily through the provision of awareness widgets. We then outline some of our own work into system-mediated techniques for division of labour and sharing of knowledge in SCIR. Finally we conclude with a discussion on some possible future trends for these two coordination techniques.  相似文献   

Does Chewing Coca Leaves Influence Physiology at High Altitude?     

Casikar V  Mujica E  Mongelli M  Aliaga J  Lopez N  Smith C  Bartholomew F 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(3):311-314

Andean Indians have used coca leaves (Erythroxylon coca and related species) for centuries to enhance physical performance. The benefits and disadvantages of using coca leaf have been a subject of many political debates. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chewing coca leaves on biochemical and physiological parameters. Cutaneous microdialysis catheters were used to estimate systemic biochemical changes. We subjected 10 healthy adult males (local residents) in Cajamarca (Peru, altitude 2700 m) to a standardised exercise routine on a stationary cycle ergometer. The blood pressure, oxygen saturation (digital), pulse, VO2 max and ECG (Holter monitor) were recorded before the exercise. Cutaneous microdialysis catheters were introduced in the forearm. The subjects were given to chew 8 g of coca leaves with a small amount of lime. They were then placed on the cycle ergometer for 20 min. Blood pressure, oxygen saturation, pulse, ECG and VO2 max were recorded. Pyruvate, glucose, lactate, glycerol and glutamate levels were estimated. Oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and pulse rate did not show any significant changes between the two groups. Glucose levels showed hyperglycaemic response. Glycerol, Lactate and Pyruvate increased. Glutamate remained unchanged. Similar changes were not seen in the controls. These results suggest that coca leaves have blocked the glycolytic pathway of glucose oxidation resulting in accumulation of glucose and pyruvate. The energy requirement for exercise is being met with beta-oxidation of fatty acids. The glycerol released was also getting accumulated since its pathway for oxidation was blocked. These experimental findings suggest that chewing coca leaves is beneficial during exercise and that the effects are felt over a prolonged period of sustained physical activity.  相似文献   

13个讨老师喜欢的方法     

Lynn  F.Jacobs  Jeremy S. Hyman 《海外英语》2009,(12):34-35

在学校里,那些讨老师喜欢的学生总是能得到更多的帮助。无论是在学习上还是找工作的过程中。老师愿意花时间亲培养他们喜爱的学生。也乐意为其写一份好的就业推荐书。那么,怎样才能成为讨老师喜欢的学生呢？请看本期直面留学。  相似文献