Characteristics of effective interventions in improving young people's sexual health: a review of reviews     

Amudha S. Poobalan  Emma Pitchforth  Mari Imamura  Janet S. Tucker  Kate Philip  Jenny Spratt 《Sex education》2013,13(3):319-336

The purpose of this paper is to conduct a review of reviews to identify characteristics of effective sex and relationship education (SRE) interventions and/or programmes in young people to improve sexual health and identify barriers and facilitators for implementation. Six bibliographic databases were searched from 1986 to 2006 for systematic reviews that assessed SRE interventions or programmes in participants between 10 and 18 years old and their partners. All outcomes of improvement in sexual health were assessed and 30 systematic reviews were included. Effective interventions and/or programmes tended to be those targeting younger age groups before they become sexually active, focused interventions tailored to the physical and biological development stages, theory based, and abstinence education programmes that incorporate values of relationships and provide skills training and links to contraceptive services. Adequate training of personnel delivering the interventions and culturally sensitive programmes were identified as important facilitators of effectiveness. Future research should explore the appropriate age for initiating sex education and investigate targeting specific behaviour compared with multiple-outcome targeting. Research exploring the reasons for interventions focusing on specific populations (i.e. African and Hispanic origins), even if they were conducted in countries dominated by Caucasians, is warranted.  相似文献   

The successful education sector development in Tanzania – comment on gender balance and inclusive education     

Mari‐Anne Okkolin  Elina Lehtomäki  Eustella Bhalalusesa 《Gender and education》2010,22(1):63-71

In this paper we discuss to what extent the international and national equality goals regarding gender balance and inclusive education have been reached in the education sector development in Tanzania. According to recent reports, the development trend has been generally positive, and the country is close to achieving its primary education targets. More detailed reviews suggest, however, that current monitoring and evaluation mechanisms are too narrow to catch the critical factors regarding equality, particularly in secondary education. Our comment concerns the achievements and challenges, and emphasises the significance of a multidimensional set of information including in‐depth qualitative research on connections between socio‐cultural factors and education.  相似文献   

从“科学之科学”到“政策之科学”   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

治部真理  山崎雅和  李颖 《数字图书馆论坛》2011,(3):17-23

由于纵观科学结构的所谓“科学之科学”（Science of Science）正转向“科学政策之科学”（Science of Policy）的新方向,为此可以认为,纵观科学结构的科学地图（science map）将移向科学结构中包含的纵览政策的政策地图（policy map）方向。在此背景下,基于科学根据（evidence）的政策制定可以确保其透明性。文章通过应用日本科学技术振兴机构（简称JST）构建的专利和论文整合检索系统（PATLISYS—J）,介绍世界科学结构的可视化,以及将任意研究者详细分析等进行可视化的方法。  相似文献   

Environmental engineering in mining engineering education     

Manuel María Mahamud-López  Juan Mariá Menéndez-Aguado 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2005,30(3):329-339

In this paper, the current profile of the environmental engineer and the programming of the subject “Environmental Engineering and Technology” corresponding to the studies of Mining Engineering at the University of Oviedo in Spain, is discussed. Professional profile, student knowledge prior to and following instruction as well as available teaching time, are taken into account in order to define the subject objectives. These objectives were the starting point for the design of the program. Information regarding the student perspective is gathered by means of anonymous surveys at the beginning and end of the teaching period. Some of the results are collected in this paper.  相似文献   

Association of maternal developmental disorder traits with child mistreatment: A prospective study in Japan     

Takeo Fujiwara  Mari Kasahara  Hiromi Tsujii  Makiko Okuyama 《Child abuse & neglect》2014

Maternal mental disorders are known risk factors for child mistreatment. However, little is known about the involvement of maternal developmental disorder traits. The aim of this study was to examine maternal traits related to Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and their possible association with child mistreatment. Maternal PDD and ADHD were assessed through a self-administered questionnaire (N = 846) during mid-pregnancy using the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale (PARS) and Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). The mothers completed another questionnaire on child mistreatment when the offspring was approximately 18 months of age. The associations between maternal PDD and ADHD traits and child mistreatment score were analyzed using linear regression models adjusted for covariates. Mothers who exhibited stronger PDD traits showed significantly higher child mistreatment score, even after adjustment for maternal characteristics at baseline and ADHD traits. At the same time, ADHD traits were significantly associated with child mistreatment after adjustment of covariates, although the association became non-significant after adjustment of PDD traits. Mothers who showed PDD and ADHD traits during pregnancy were more likely to mistreat their children. It is essential to educate mothers with such traits with appropriate, easy-to-follow childcare instructions, preferably in simple language combined with pictorial aids.  相似文献   

What Works in Writing With Peer Response? A Review of Intervention Studies With Children and Adolescents     

Mariëtte Hoogeveen  Amos van Gelderen 《Educational Psychology Review》2013,25(4):473-502

Peer response is viewed as an important aspect of writing instruction. Several meta-studies indicated that peer response is effective. However, these studies did not focus on the specific aspects of peer response that made it effective. The present review analyzes the effects of instructional factors accompanying peer response in 26 studies on writing proficiency. Three theoretical perspectives are distinguished: a cognitive, a social-cognitive, and a genre perspective underlying the reviewed studies. In all studies, additional instruction in strategies, rules for interaction, genre knowledge, or a combination of these instructional aspects to writing with peer response is provided. Peer response with such additional instruction seems effective compared with individual writing. Recommendations for future investigations are directed to methodological issues for comparing the effects of separate instructional components for writing with peer response. In addition, it is advised to direct future studies towards more controlled research into the effects of instruction in genre knowledge on writing with peer response.  相似文献   

Development of Children’s monitoring and control when learning from texts: effects of age and test format     

Steiner  Martina  van Loon  Mariëtte H.  Bayard  Natalie S.  Roebers  Claudia M. 《Metacognition and Learning》2020,15(1):3-27

Metacognition and Learning - This study investigated elementary school children’s development of monitoring and control when learning from texts. Second (N = 138) and fourth...  相似文献   

Best Practices for Supporting Hearing-Impaired Law Library Patrons     

Mari Cheney 《Public Services Quarterly》2020,16(3):206-211

Abstract

This article is written by Mari Cheney, Assistant Director, Research and Instruction at Boley Law Library, Lewis & Clark Law School. She holds a MLIS from the University of Washington and a JD from American University, Washington College of Law.

This article enumerates challenges that hearing-impaired law library patrons may encounter when using the library and its resources, and ways academic librarians can increase accessibility.  相似文献   

Fifteen years of building performance in Central Europe     

Steven J. Kelly  M. Mari Novak  Anna Cermkov 《Performance Improvement》2008,47(10):36-41

The past 15 years have been quite a tumultuous ride for those involved in performance improvement in former communist Europe. This article traces the case of a boutique performance consultancy, KNO, whose American principals landed in the former Czechoslovakia at the onset of the “velvet revolution” in 1991. We analyze progress through the lens of three 5‐year cycles against dimensions of investor focus, infrastructure, employee mindset, business relationships, and performance services treated in the context of the changing political and economic times.  相似文献   

Population education in the promotion of development     

Mari Simonen  O. J. Sikes  Jairo Palacio 《Prospects》1990,20(4):429-437

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