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22.
Christine Johnson Marsha Ironsmith Charles W. Snow G. Michael Poteat 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2000,27(4):207-212
Research on the relation between social behavior and peer acceptance in preschool children and the long-term consequences of peer acceptance or rejection is reviewed. Preschool children who exhibit aggressive behavior tend to be rejected by peers at an early age and these first impressions have a lasting effect on peer acceptance, in spite of subsequent changes in the child's behavior. Social behaviors that are related to peer popularity vary by age and sex. Children who experience high levels of peer acceptance in preschool and who have friends entering kindergarten with them make a better adjustment to school. Recommendations for fostering social development in preschoolers are discussed. 相似文献
23.
Marsha L. Albin Stephen L. Benton Irina Khramtsova 《Contemporary educational psychology》1996,21(4):305-324
Two hundred twenty-four undergraduate students wrote about one-half of an inning of a baseball game and about one-half of a soccer game, counterbalanced, for 20 min each. Students then completed two six-item interest inventories—one each on the topics of baseball and soccer—and tests of baseball knowledge and soccer knowledge. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that individual interest in baseball was significantly related to the proportions of game actions and irrelevant-nongame actions, controlling for gender, discourse knowledge, and topic knowledge. Topic knowledge was significantly related to thematic maturity, controlling for gender and discourse knowledge. Students wrote more topic-relevant information on the baseball story—a relatively high-interest topic—than on the soccer story, a relatively low-interest topic. Implications for the Flower and Hayes (1981) writing model and for assigning students writing topics are discussed. 相似文献
24.
Hari P. Koirala Marsha Davis Peter Johnson 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》2008,11(2):127-138
The purpose of this paper is to share a performance assessment task and rubric designed to assess secondary school mathematics
preservice teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge and skills. The assessment task and rubric were developed in collaboration
with five education faculty, four arts and sciences faculty, and four high school teachers over a period of one year. Over
this period, the group met more than 15 times and designed an assessment task and rubric to measure secondary school preservice
teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge and skills. The assessment task and rubric were piloted at the end of the year and
extensively revised using the pilot data. The redesigned task and rubric were successfully carried out in the second and subsequent
years. Other teacher education programs can benefit from this assessment of teacher candidates’ pedagogical content knowledge
and skills. 相似文献
25.
Donald Boyd Pamela Grossman Marsha Ing Hamilton Lankford Susanna Loeb Rachel O’Brien James Wyckoff 《Economics of Education Review》2011,30(6):1229-1241
As schools and districts seek to recruit teachers, individuals in non-teaching professions are an appealing possible pool. These potential teachers come with work experience and may have expertise that would serve them well in the classroom. While there has been substantial rhetoric assailing the virtues of teachers with prior professional experience, no research that we know of has assessed the effectiveness of these teachers in terms of student learning. This study uses data from New York City to assess the relative effectiveness and retention of career-switchers. It provides some evidence that these teachers are no more effective than other new teachers, and, in fact, they appear to be less effective at raising math scores of elementary and middle school students. There is little difference in overall transfer or leave rates between teachers with prior experience and other teachers, although career-switchers from college recommended programs do appear more likely to transfer schools. 相似文献
26.
Marsha L. Semmel 《Curator: The Museum Journal》2010,53(2):155-162
Abstract The Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) has funded hundreds of projects that promote lifelong learning in all disciplines and types of museums and libraries, including museum/library partnerships with schools, universities, and other formal learning organizations. Learning Science in Informal Environments: People, Places, and Pursuits (LSIE) is a milestone in a continuing quest to understand and articulate the impact of informal learning experiences. Its recommendations identify significant issues for future research and practice, with implications beyond science learning. This article places the report in the context of previous and future IMLS work, including increased agency focus on—and resources for—research, evaluation, collaborative projects, and professional development. 相似文献
27.
Williams HG Pfeiffer KA Dowda M Jeter C Jones S Pate RR 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2009,13(3):151-165
The purpose of the study was to develop a valid and reliable tool for use in assessing motor skills in preschool children in field based settings. The development of the CHAMPS (Children's Activity and Movement in Preschool Study) Motor Skills Protocol (CMSP) included evidence of its reliability and validity for use in field-based environments as part of large epidemiological studies. Following pilot work, 297 children (3-5 years old) from 22 preschools were tested using the final version of the CMSP and the TGMD-2. Reliability of the CMSP and interobserver reliability were determined using intraclass correlation procedures (ICC; ANOVA). Concurrent validity was assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients to compare the CMSP to the original Test of Gross Motor Development (2(nd) Edition) (TGMD-2). Results indicated that test reliability, interobserver reliability and validity coefficients were all high, generally above R/r = 0.90. Significant age differences were found. Outcomes indicate that the CMSP is an appropriate tool for assessing motor development of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children in field-based settings that are consistent with large-scale trials. 相似文献
28.
We examined the factorial validity and factorial invariance of the 3-day physical activity recall (3DPAR) using confirmatory factor analysis. Adolescent girls from two cohorts (N = 955, N = 1,797) completed the 3DPAR in the eighth grade; participants in Cohort 2 (N = 1,658) completed the 3DPAR again 1 year later in the ninth grade. The 3DPAR was best represented by two uncorrelated factors in Cohort 1. The two-factor, uncorrelated measurement model exhibited evidence of cross-validity between Cohorts 1 and 2. This model also exhibited configural and partial metric invariance between race and across time. Hence, the 3DPAR consisted of two uncorrelated factors underlying three indicators of both moderate and vigorous physical activity in this sample of Black and White girls across a 1-year period. The 3DPAR can be used in cross-sectional, prospective cohort and intervention studies that examine mediators and moderators of physical activity among Black and White adolescent girls. 相似文献
29.
Dowda M Pate RR Felton GM Saunders R Ward DS Dishman RK Trost SG 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2004,75(4):352-360
The purposes of this study were to describe and compare the specific physical activity choices and sedentary pursuits of African American and Caucasian American girls. Participants were 1,124 African American and 1,068 Caucasian American eighth-grade students from 31 middle schools. The 3-Day Physical Activity Recall (3DPAR) was used to measure participation in physical activities and sedentary pursuits. The most frequently reported physical activities were walking, basketball, jogging or running, bicycling, and social dancing. Differences between groups were found in 11 physical activities and 3 sedentary pursuits. Participation rates were higher in African American girls (p < or = .001) for social dancing, basketball, watching television, and church attendance but lower in calisthenics, ballet and other dance, jogging or running, rollerblading, soccer, softball or baseball, using an exercise machine, swimming, and homework. Cultural differences of groups should be considered when planning interventions to promote physical activity. 相似文献
30.
Richmond ML 《Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences》2006,97(3):447-484
In June 1909, scientists and dignitaries from 167 different countries gathered in Cambridge to celebrate the hundredth anniversary of Charles Darwin's birth and the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of Origin of Species. The event was one of the most magnificent commemorations in the annals of science. Delegates gathered within the cloisters of Cambridge University not only to honor the "hero" of evolution but also to reassess the underpinnings of Darwinism at a critical juncture. With the mechanism of natural selection increasingly under attack, evolutionary theory was in disarray. Against this backdrop, biologists weighed the impact of several new developments--the rediscovery of Mendel's laws of heredity, de Vriesian mutation theory, and the linkage of sex-cell division (recently named "meiosis") to the mechanism of heredity. The 1909 Darwin celebration thus represents a significant watershed in the history of modem biology that allows historians to assess the status of evolution prior to the advent of the chromosome theory of genetics. 相似文献