Evaluating the effectiveness of university widening participation activities in rural Australia     

Todd R. Walton  Franz Carrillo-Higueras 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2019,44(5):799-819

This article explores the effect university widening participation activities have had in improving access to university of students from rural government-run schools in New South Wales, Australia. An effective effort to evaluate the success of widening participation programs in rural Australia, specifically New South Wales, has not been achieved to date. This article addresses this issue in three distinct ways. First, previous efforts to evaluate widening participation effectiveness are explored and their successes and failings are described. Second, a method to rigorously evaluate university-run outreach programs in Australia’s unique socio-cultural context is constructed and explained. Third, this method is employed using a sample of Australian rural schools to evaluate outreach effectiveness. A mixed-method design combining multilevel growth models and in-depth interviews of careers advisors revealed teacher support of university outreach presence in schools did not necessarily translate to an opinion of outreach effectivity in raising university access levels. This was supported by quantitative analyses showing widening participation efforts in rural New South Wales have had little to no effect on the progression of rural students to university between 2010 and 2016.  相似文献   

On Defining “Wisdom”: Baltes,Ardelt, Ryan,and Whitehead     

Gugerell  Stefan H.  Riffert  Franz 《Interchange》2011,42(3):225-259

Wisdom has been a topic of religion and philosophy since the dawning of human civilization. But only during the last two or three decades wisdom has become a topic of empirical research in developmental psychology, adult and old age education, as well as in management and leadership studies. The aim of this paper is to elaborate a new definition of “wisdom,” in order to provide a more adequate foundation for empirical wisdom research. To reach this goal, two empirical wisdom theories (Baltes and Ardelt) and two philosophical wisdom approaches (Ryan and Whitehead) are presented, discussed, compared, and synthesized. The results show that despite the fact that Baltes’ definition of “wisdom” is somewhat wider than Ardelt’s, their approaches have many aspects in common. Additionally, also Whitehead’s ideas on wisdom are quite similar to Baltes’ core criteria concerning wisdom-related knowledge, but Whitehead mentions two additional aspects which go beyond Baltes’ approach. Further, according to Ryan, wise persons must have very few unjustified beliefs; this necessary condition for a wise person is neither mentioned by Baltes, nor by Ardelt or Whitehead. Based on the ideas of these four approaches, a new definition of “wisdom” is presented, in which wisdom is relativised to time indices and moral systems. This definition consists of a cognitive, an ethical, and a reflective component. Further it is shown that Fischer’s and Dawson’s Lectical Assessment System is a major candidate for measuring wisdom on the basis of our new definition.  相似文献   

From ‘Closing the Gap’ to an Ethics of Affirmation. Reconceptualising the Role of Early Childhood Services in Times of Uncertainty     

Mathias Urban 《European Journal of Education》2015,50(3):293-306

In this article, I offer a critical enquiry into the landscape of European and international policy approaches and strategies towards young children, their families and communities in a rapidly changing global context. Early childhood has attracted unprecedented attention among policy makers and international bodies in the last two decades. The apparent consensus about the ‘need to increase participation in early childhood education and care’ has been framed mainly by a ‘human capital’ discourse that promises high returns on investment in early intervention, and social cohesion through increased educational achievement. While members of the early childhood research and practice community have welcomed (or actively contributed to) this argument in order to raise visibility and support, questions arise whether policies and practices grounded in this logic are appropriate and make a difference in the lives of children and families, especially those from marginalised backgrounds. Drawing on experiences from recent European and international research projects, this article argues that early childhood policies that aim at ‘closing the gap’ between children from marginalised and dominant groups in society are grounded in a logic of integration and assimilation into an assumed normality that no longer exists. Instead, marginalisation, hyper-diversity, inequality and fragmentation have become the defining feature of all societies. Against this background, the article explores possibilities and strategies for developing ‘competent systems’ for all children, families and communities that are based on democratic practices, recognition and affirmation.  相似文献   

Oxidant-antioxidant status in colorectal cancer patients—Before and after treatment     

Sharmila Upadhya  Subramanya Upadhya  S. Krishna Mohan  K. Vanajakshamma  Mamatha Kunder  Seema Mathias 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(2):80-83

Erythrocyte antioxidant glutathione and malondialdehyde levels in erythrocytes and plasma glutathione S-transferase levels were estimated in patients with colorectal cancer and compared to controls. Further, the patients underwent four weeks of radiotherapy with adjuvant chemotherapy. The same parameters were estimated after four weeks of radiotherapy and compared with pretreatment levels. It was observed that there was a decrease in erythrocyte glutathione and malondialdehyde levels in patients with colorectal cancer compared to controls, but not in case of GST. However, after chemoradiotherapy, there were no statistically significant differences in all the parameters studied.  相似文献   

Biomechanics of the two-handed dyno technique for sport climbing     

Franz Konstantin Fuss  Günther Niegl 《Sports Engineering》2010,13(1):19-30

The two-handed dyno technique was studied in nine experienced climbers. According to textbooks, the preferred technique is to jump only as high as necessary and to grab the upper hold exactly at the dead point (highest position of the body centre of mass). Piezoelectric force transducers were connected to the right and left footholds and to the lower and upper handholds. From the forces, the vertical take-off velocity and the jump height were calculated. The results showed that in unsuccessful jumps, the vertical take-off velocity is too small. In successful jumps, however, the vertical take-off velocity is higher than required. In order to reach the same required minimal height, the successful jumper produced a higher force than the unsuccessful (including marginal fail) jumper did. The force produced by the feet was approximately 1.8 times higher than that of the hands. Unsuccessful jumps were significantly closer to the dead point than successful ones. The peak force at the fingers after touchdown at the upper hold ranged from 1.1 to 1.63 times body weight. Overshooting, i.e. jumping higher than required resulted in a smaller peak force and a greater chance of performing a successful jump. In successful jumps, the climber jumps higher than required and grabs the upper hold before and below the dead point. Furthermore, the closer to the dead point the climber grasps the upper hold, the higher is the peak reaction force at the fingers. The advice for the climber is to jump higher than necessary (at least 10 cm), and to grab the handhold before the dead point. This results in a high success rate and a minimal finger injury risk.  相似文献   

Activity identification and classification in wheelchair rugby using fractal dimensions     

Julian J. C. Chua  Franz Konstantin Fuss  Aleksandar Subic 《Sports Engineering》2017,20(1):1-15

The purpose of the study was to develop an evidence-based method for identification and classification of wheelchair sports (rugby) activities and performance during a match using fractal dimensions. The approach involves five wheelchair rugby athletes of different classifications who were monitored during six different matches using mobile devices with in-built accelerometers. The linear acceleration signals were processed using two different approaches based on calculating fractal dimensions. One was based on Rényi’s entropy, which produced the probability dimension (S ₀), and the other was based on Hausdorff’s definition, resulting in the Hausdorff dimension (D _H). When both dimensions were individually plotted as cumulative distribution plots, they offered two approaches to analyze the performance of a wheelchair rugby athlete. Combining the two dimensions produced a two-dimensional (2D) mapping that identified five different activities of each athlete during a wheelchair rugby match—(1) no activities, (2) low activities, (3) high-speed coasting, (4) high-speed pushing, and (5) extreme collisions. In the 2D mapping, four boundary lines separate the five different activities, which produced a template for each athlete. It was found in this research that the classification and skill level of the athlete had an effect on the boundary line values that form the template. The outcome of the activity identification was also verified by comparing with video footage of the athletes. The method developed in this research has possible applications for coaching, match analysis, and talent identification.  相似文献   

Book reviews     

A. Harry Passow  Gilbert de Landsheere  A. D. C. Peterson  Harold J. Noah  Henry Saltzman  W. D. Halls  Gordon Bishop  Richard F. Goodings  Helmut von Bracken  Franz Hilker  Daniel J. Casey  Donald E. Super  Klaus Schleicher  Neville Postlethwaite  B. F. Nel  Peter Martin Roeder  Wolfgang Brezinka  Hans Friedrich  Eric Ashby  Franklin Parker  Ernst Prokop  Clare Burstall  Kenneth Austwick 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1968,14(3):328-375

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Book reviews     

K. F. Smart  Franz Hilker  E. Bayer  M. J. Langeveld  William Taylor  Fanny Fuks  Clare Burstall  Udo Undeutsch  Franklin Parker  Gilbert de Landsheere  George W. Parkyn  Arthur W. Foshay  Edmund J. King  C. Arnold Anderson  Douglas Graham  Menachem Gerson  Nicholas Hans 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1967,13(2):226-248

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Book reviews     

Saul B. Robinsohn  Franklin Parker  Franz Hilker  Gustaf Ögren  Brian Holmes  Marjorie L. Jenkins  Eve Malmquist  Sven Hilding  Clare Burstall  Karl Gerlicher  Gilbert de Landsheere  Ursula Schäfer  Ann Dryland  Nicholas Hans 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1965,11(2):232-254

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The Indonesian Killings and economic redistribution: a reply to Hilmar Farid     

Mathias Hammer 《Inter-Asia Cultural Studies》2013,14(2):316-326

Abstract

In 2005 Hilmar Farid published “Indonesia's original sin: Mass killings and capitalist expansion, 1965-66,” the to date only scholarly attempt to interpret the destruction of the Communist Party of Indonesia, which led to the Killings of 500,000 people in the years 1965–1966, according to a classical Marxist framework. His argument is that the real story about the violence is one of massive transfers of agricultural land, which alienated millions of peasants from their means of subsistence and paved the way for a wide-ranging capitalist transformation of the country. Empirical analysis shows that it is unlikely that such a massive alienation has happened. Many other scholars who have studied the Killings conclude that the violence was not solely driven by capitalist expansion. However, Farid has uncovered an important connection between political violence and economic redistribution that should be detached from the Marxist framework he has used in order to unfold its full significance for our understanding of the Killings.  相似文献