Schemas and mental models in geometry problem solving     

Mohan Chinnappan 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1998,36(3):201-217

Recent investigations of mathematical problem solving have focused on an issue that concerns students' ability at accessing and making flexible use of previously learnt knowledge. I report here a study that takes up this issue by examining potential links between mental models constructed by students, the organisational quality of students' prior geometric knowledge, and the use of that knowledge during problem solving. Structural analysis of the results suggest that the quality of geometric knowledge that students develop could have a powerful effect on their mental models and subsequent use of that knowledge.  相似文献   

高校科研质量管理体系运行中的不符合项分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

杨默函  张君  邱建国 《科技管理研究》2011,(3)

在对教育部直属的29所高校的科研质量管理体系运行情况调研的基础上,着重分析各校在体系运行中产生的不符合项及其原因,并进行与不符合项相关若干方面的深入讨论,最后提出不符合项分析与纠正的思路.  相似文献   

Graphical Representation of Missing Data Problems     

Felix Thoemmes  Karthika Mohan 《Structural equation modeling》2013,20(4):631-642

Rubin’s classic missingness mechanisms are central to handling missing data and minimizing biases that can arise due to missingness. However, the formulaic expressions that posit certain independencies among missing and observed data are difficult to grasp. As a result, applied researchers often rely on informal translations of these assumptions. We present a graphical representation of missing data mechanism, formalized in Mohan, Pearl, and Tian (2013). We show that graphical models provide a tool for comprehending, encoding, and communicating assumptions about the missingness process. Furthermore, we demonstrate on several examples how graph-theoretical criteria can determine if biases due to missing data might emerge in some estimates of interests and which auxiliary variables are needed to control for such biases, given assumptions about the missingness process.  相似文献   

Mucosal IgA & IL-1β in Helicobacter pylori Infection     

Ragini Srivastava  Antara Kashyap  Mohan Kumar  Gopal Nath  Ashok Kumar Jain 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(1):19-23

Helicobacter pylori infection stimulates strong local inflammatory and specific IgA antibody production. The influence of antibodies on the bacterial colonization is not clear. Here, we have analysed the association between the mucosal IgA level and IL-1β in various manifestations of the infection seen endoscopically. Antral biopsies of 57 dyspeptic patients were taken for culture, histology and estimation of mucosal levels of anti-H. pylori IgA and IL-1β. Mean mucosal IgA level was higher in patients with normal mucosa compared to all other groups and lower IgA level was associated with higher bacterial density. IL-1β was higher in ulcer patients and suspicious malignancy group as compared to normal group and higher level of IL-1β was associated with higher grades of metaplasia. Present study indicates that local immunity seems to have a protective role against H. pylori infection and higher level of IL-1β induced by the pathogen may be associated with metaplasia and carcinogenesis.  相似文献   

Repertoires of collective action in an “IT City”: Urban civil society negotiations of offline and online spaces in Bangalore     

Anuradha Rao  Mohan J. Dutta 《Communication monographs》2017,84(2):221-240

This paper examines the ways in which two Internet-based civil society groups, Hasiru Usiru and Praja, negotiate online and offline spaces of collective action in Bangalore, India’s “IT City.” Based on ethnographic research, the study extends collective action theory through an examination of communicative interactions and experiences of urban civil society actors in a developing country. The paper highlight factors that impede and support collective actions, including attitudes toward the Internet as a tool for democratic engagement, ideological motivations, and perceptions of identity and membership, among others. Such a line of inquiry is significant in highlighting the possibilities of ICTs for collective action, while simultaneously avoiding the tendency to inflate and overestimate their capacity to produce social change.  相似文献   

The influence of warning messages on the public's perception of substance use: A theoretical framework     

Dave Gelders  René Patesson  Sofie Vandoninck  Pascale Steinberg  Sara Van Malderen  Pablo Nicaise  Brice De Ruyver  Isidore Pelc  Mohan Jyoti Dutta  Keith Roe  Freya Vander Laenen 《Government Information Quarterly》2009

We bring different theories together to develop a theoretical framework that helps to understand how early warning messages about (new) dangerous drugs can influence the public's perception of substance use. We bring together the agenda setting theory, framing theory, dual processing theory, social learning theory, health belief model, theory of planned behavior, and cultivation theory in order to explain how warning messages diffused through the mass media can have an impact on the receivers' perceptions. Based on these insights we construct the Integrated Media Effect Framework (IMFE) that takes into account the role of cultural and structural contexts in the realm of early warning systems (EWS). Ultimately, this framework provides valuable guidelines for conceptualizing EWS and for developing applications by governments.  相似文献   

Recalled test anxiety in relation to achievement,in the context of general academic self-concept,study habits,parental involvement and socio-economic status among Grade 6 Ethiopian students     

P. Mohan Raju  Abebech Asfaw 《Education 3-13》2013,41(3):269-285

The study investigated the predictive nature of test anxiety on achievement in the presence of perceived general academic self-concept, study habits, parental involvement in children's learning and socio-economic status. From a population of 2482 Grade 6 students from seven government primary schools of a sub-city in Addis Ababa, 497 participants were randomly selected, namely 248 boys and 249 girls. The mean age of the participants was 12.98 years. An adapted version of Sarason's Test Anxiety Scale (28 items), plus the General Academic Self-Concept Scale (18 items), and Parental Involvement (10 items), Study Habits (10 items) and Socio-Economic Status (10 items) scales developed by the authors were the instruments of the study. The findings of the study indicated: (a) test anxiety correlated with achievement with a weak correlation of ?0.186; and (b) perceived general academic self-concept and study habits were positively and significantly related to achievement. Stepwise multiple regression on achievement resulted in the selection of general academic self-concept, study habits and parental involvement as significant contributors to achievement in that order. Test anxiety was found to be a non-predictor of achievement in the presence of other variables.  相似文献   

Activating Adult-Learning Principles Through Small Groups in Preparing Social Work Students to Achieve CSWE Research Competencies     

Dominique Moyse Steinberg  Mohan Krishna Vinjamuri 《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2013,33(4):363-383

The research classroom is a prime venue for socializing master’s-level students as evidence-based practitioners. This article identifies an innovative approach to teaching research based on five adult-learning principles and the use of small ongoing groups that, when blended as the signature pedagogy, enable students to successfully actualize the Council on Social Work Education Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards required for professional practice. The article describes and discusses the five adult-learning principles that form the basis of this approach and four types of small-group activities that are used over the yearlong course, concluding with implications for reorganizing the traditional research classroom.  相似文献   

False discovery rates and multiple testing     

Soumen Dey  Mohan Delampady 《Resonance》2013,18(12):1095-1109

Statistical methods involving high-dimensional testing, i.e., a large number of simultaneous tests, have become important in recent days. Applications include microarrays, fMRI images and signal processing. Information that can be obtained by treating them as connected tests leads to the concept of discovery rates as well as to the Bayesian approach to hypothesis tests. It gives us great pleasure to honour Herbert Robbins who introduced the Empirical Bayes technique in statistical inference, which connects the frequentist and the Bayesian approaches in this problem.  相似文献   

Association Between Urinary IgG and Relative Risk for Factors Affecting Proteinuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patients     

Sandesh Mohan  Kiran Kalia  Jyoti Mannari 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2012,27(4):333-339

Abnormal glomerular permeability is the primary step towards the glomerulosclerosis. The progression rate of glomerulosclerosis is proportionate to abundance and severity of lesions created at incipient stage, which is reflected as proteinuria even though eGFR remains in the normal range. Therefore, there is a current need to find out the association between relative risks for the factors leading to proteinuria. The relations could be more informative, if it is with respect to the macromolecules like “IgG” excretion in urine. Type 2 diabetic patients were selected for this study with eGFR > 75 ml/min/1.73 m² and grouped into four quartiles based on UIgGCR. The markers of key factors affecting progression of proteinuria were estimated through biochemical tests. The impact of these markers on proteinuria was accessed by applying multinomial logistic regression. The adjusted odds ratio for the UGAGCR was 1.186 (95 % CI: 1.061–1.327) P < 0.003 in highest quartiles of UIgGCR, followed by odds ratio for markers of collagen catabolism 1.051 (95 % CI: 1.025–1.079) P < 0.001, and USACR 1.044 (95 % CI: 1.013–1.077) P < 0.006 respectively. The marker of glycation, i.e., glycated hemoglobin showed the highest odds ratio 5.449 (95 % CI: 1.132–26.236) P < 0.035. In addition, odds for the systolic blood pressure was observed 1.387 (95 % CI: 1.124–1.712) P < 0.002. The higher odds inform and could help to discriminate the diabetic patients with fast progressive diabetic nephropathy. The study describes critical relationship between the urinary excretion of IgG and factors leading to proteinuria in type 2 diabetic patients.  相似文献