Ten suggestions for improving academic research in education and technology     

Neil Selwyn 《Learning, Media and Technology》2012,37(3):213-219

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An Energy Model for Viewing Embodied Human Capital Theory     

Neil A. Kaufman  Gary D. Geroy 《Performance Improvement Quarterly》2007,20(1):37-47

Human capital development is one of the emerging areas of study with regard to social science theory, practice, and research. Arelatively new concept, human capital is described in terms of individual knowledge skills and experience. It is currently expressed as a function of education as well as a measure of economic activity. Little theory exists to establish models of individual or group human capital. By drawing upon existing physical science constructs such as embodied energy, this article applies a framework for articulating an approach to human capital development and interaction. Our proposition is that human capital consists of active and passive capacity, which parallels the theoretic dimensions of potential and kinetic energy. Aconceptual binary phase diagram of a human capital system is presented along with examples for applying the model to practice. Utilizing an economic model of resource flows; a model of embodied human capital is developed as a vehicle for sustainable human capital theory.  相似文献   

Using Weighted Sum Scores to Close the Gap Between DIF Practice and Theory     

Hongwen Guo  Neil J. Dorans 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2020,57(4):484-510

We make a distinction between the operational practice of using an observed score to assess differential item functioning (DIF) and the concept of departure from measurement invariance (DMI) that conditions on a latent variable. DMI and DIF indices of effect sizes, based on the Mantel-Haenszel test of common odds ratio, converge under restricted conditions if a simple sum score is used as the matching or conditioning variable in a DIF analysis. Based on theoretical results, we demonstrate analytically that matching on a weighted sum score can significantly reduce the difference between DIF and DMI measures over what can be achieved with a simple sum score. We also examine the utility of binning methods that could facilitate potential operational use of DIF with weighted sum scores. A real data application was included to show this feasibility.  相似文献   

Teaching science to students with developmental disabilities using the Early Science curriculum     

Magdalena M. Apanasionok  Julie Neil  Richard C. Watkins  Corinna F. Grindle  Richard P. Hastings 《Support for Learning》2020,35(4):493-505

There is a large science attainment gap between students with and without special educational needs, and many students with developmental disabilities (DD) struggle to access the mainstream science programmes of study. The purpose of the present project was to pilot the use of the Early Science (ES) curriculum over a six week period with nine students with moderate to severe DD in a special education setting in the UK. Staff members indicated positive experiences of using the curriculum, especially the use of the structured teaching methodology as a helpful tool. Evaluation data suggested that all nine pupils improved their science knowledge over the course of the intervention. Some suggestions are made to improve the delivery of the ES curriculum in UK special education settings, and the need for larger scale evaluation research.  相似文献   

A perpetual motion machine: The preserved digital scholarly record     

Tom Cramer  Chip German  Neil Jefferies  Alicia Wise 《Learned Publishing》2023,36(2):312-318

• Digital preservation will never be a solved problem: it needs constant reinvention, and is going to become harder over time.
• Scholarship is changing and this is affecting what needs to be preserved and what preservation means to the future of knowledge discovery.
• The diversification of outputs means that knowledge exists in a network of contextual metadata, data, software, standards and publications—requiring multilateral management of this complex knowledge graph.
• Preservation demands new skills, technologies and resources from librarians, publishers, funders and institutions—and more joined-up thinking about archiving.

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Double lock of a potent human therapeutic monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2     

Ling Zhu  Yong-Qiang Deng  Rong-Rong Zhang  Zhen Cui  Chun-Yun Sun  Chang-Fa Fan  Xiaorui Xing  Weijin Huang  Qi Chen  Na-Na Zhang  Qing Ye  Tian-Shu Cao  Nan Wang  Lei Wang  Lei Cao  Huiyu Wang  Desheng Kong  Juan Ma  Chunxia Luo  Yanjing Zhang  Jianhui Nie  Yao Sun  Zhe Lv  Neil Shaw  Qianqian Li  Xiao-Feng Li  Junjie Hu  Liangzhi Xie  Zihe Rao  Youchun Wang  Xiangxi Wang  Cheng-Feng Qin 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(3)

Receptor recognition and subsequent membrane fusion are essential for the establishment of successful infection by SARS-CoV-2. Halting these steps can cure COVID-19. Here we have identified and characterized a potent human monoclonal antibody, HB27, that blocks SARS-CoV-2 attachment to its cellular receptor at sub-nM concentrations. Remarkably, HB27 can also prevent SARS-CoV-2 membrane fusion. Consequently, a single dose of HB27 conferred effective protection against SARS-CoV-2 in two established mouse models. Rhesus macaques showed no obvious adverse events when administrated with 10 times the effective dose of HB27. Cryo-EM studies on complex of SARS-CoV-2 trimeric S with HB27 Fab reveal that three Fab fragments work synergistically to occlude SARS-CoV-2 from binding to the ACE2 receptor. Binding of the antibody also restrains any further conformational changes of the receptor binding domain, possibly interfering with progression from the prefusion to the postfusion stage. These results suggest that HB27 is a promising candidate for immuno-therapies against COVID-19.  相似文献